System Architecture

System Architecture

1. CPU stands for central processing unit

   • Program counter holds the memory address for each cycle for each cycle
   • Arithmetic Logic Unit carry's out the instruction/calculation
     • Acumalator holds the result of each calculation
   • Memory Address Register holds the memory address about to be used
   • Memory Data Register holds the actual data instruction
   • Fetch Decode Execute
     • Fetch copys the memory adress from the pc
     • Decode the instruction in the Memory Data Register is carried out
     • Execute the instruction is performed

2. Computer Systems

   • Computer is a machine that processes data
     • The purpose is to process data then output it efficiently
   • Embedded Systens
     • Embedded Systems are computers built into other devices
   • Computers contain Components
     • Power supply - Supplies power to the motherboard and other hardware
     • Cooling fan - Extracts hot air from computer case
     • CPU-the most important component, does all the processing
     • Optical drive - For read writing the optical disc
     • Hard Disk Drive - Internal secondary storage
     • Motherboard - The main circuit board in the computer

3. Memory

   • RAM - Stands for random acsess memory
     • RAM is volitile main memory which can be read or wrote
   • ROM - Read only memory
     • ROM is non volitile, it tells the computer ow to boot up which cannot be changed
   • Secondary storage
     • Secondary storage is extra RAM known as virtual memory, its for when too many aplications are open and is lost when the computer is shutdown

4. Storage

   • HDD's or Hard Disk Drive
     • These are the traditional storage for computers and pc's, in HDD's data is stored magnetically in little spaces called sectors
   • SSD's or Solid State Drives
     • SSD's have no moving parts, they are faster than HDD's and usually smaller
   • Magnetic Drives are physically large and usually have a large storage capacity