STOMACH

STOMACH

1. esophagus

   • mouth
     • The oral cavity is formed by:
       • LABIA
       • TONGUE
         • IT MOVES THE FOOD INTO THE ORAL CAVITY AND PUSHES THE FOOD INTO A BALL-LIKE CALLED BOLUS SO IT CAN BE PASSED TO THE PHARINX
       • SALIVARY GLANDS
         • LARGE PAROTID SALIVSRY GLAND
         • SUBLINGUAL SALIVARY GLAND
         • SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVAY GLAND
       • TEETH
         • DECIDUOS 20
         • PERMANET 32
       • PHARINX
         • DURING SWALLOWING OASSAGWAYS TO THE NASAL AND RESPIRATORY REGION ARE PROTECTED FROM THE ACCIDENTAL INTRODUCTION OF FOOD AND LIQUIDS
   • long approx 25 cm and it extends frim the pharyinx to the diaphragm

2. small intestine

   • large intestine
     • rectum
       • anus
         • DEFECATION HAPPENS TROUGHT THE ANUS
     • WATER REABSORPTION
       • PACKAGING AND COMPACTIONG WASTE PRODUCT FOR ELIMINATION FROM THE BODY
       • APPROXIMATELY 1.5 METERS DIVIDED INTO:
         • cecum
         • colon
         • rectum
       • ABSORPTION OF VITAMINS
       • no digestion but produces vitamin K for clotting+
   • 21 foot coiled tube where majority of digestion takes place divided in 3 parts
     • DUODENUM
     • JEJUNUM
     • ILEUM
     • AMINOACIDS, FATTY ACIDS, IONS, SIMPLE SUGARS, VUTAMINS, WATER ARE ALL ABSORBED HERE
     • REQUIRED DIGESTIVE SEVRETIONS ARE INTESTINAL AND PANCREATIC ENZYMES, BILE FORM THE LIVER

3. LOCATED IN THE LEFT SIDE OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY UNDER THE DIAPHRAGM

4. SECRETS GASTRIC ACID AND ENZYMES WHICH MIXED WITH FOOD CAUSING CHEMICAL DIGESTION

5. ABSORBS SMALL AMOUNT OF WATER AND ALCOHOL AND REGULATES THE RATE AT WHICH THE CHYME ENTERS IN THE SMALL INTESTINES

   • IT TAKES ABOUT 4 HOURS FOR THE STOMACH TO EMPTY AFTER A MEAL

6. DIVIDED IN 4 REGIONS

   • FUNDUS
   • PYLORUS
     • PYLORIC SPHINTER
   • CARDIAC REGION
   • BODY

7. THE MUSCULAR ACTION WORKS MUCH LIKE A CEMENT MIXER. IT IS ACHIEVED BY 3 LAYERS OF MUSCLES

   • LONGITUDINAL LAYER
   • CIRCULAR LAYER
   • OBLIQUE LAYER

8. ACCESSORY ORGANS

   • GALLBLADDER
     • IT PRODUCES MORE CONCENTRATED BILE
   • PANCREAS
     • PRODUCES DIGSTIVE ENZYMES
       • CARBOHYDRYSES
       • LIPASES
       • PROTEINASES
       • NUCLEASES
   • LIVER
     • PROCTION OF BILE NEEDED FOR THE DIGESTION OF FATS
     • STORES SIMPLE SUGERS GLUCOSE AND GLYCOGEN
     • STORES IRON AND VITAMINS A. B12, D, E, K
     • PRODUCES CHOLESTEROL