ATOMIC STRUCTURE

ATOMIC STRUCTURE

1. ATOM-the building block of an element

2. MOLECULE- a group of atoms which are covalently bonded together

3. ION- a particle which has a charge

4. ELECTRON- A negatively charged particle which is one of the components of an atom: found in the volume of the atom surrounding the nucleus

5. PROTON- A positively charged particle found within the nucleus of an atom.

6. NEUTRON- An electrically neutral particle found within the nucleus of an atom

7. ELECTRON CLOUD- where the electrons are orbiting the nucleus

8. ENERGY SHELL- The electrons which surround the nucleus in an atom can be divided into shells or principal energy levels. The electrons within one shell have similar energies.

9. VALENCE SHELL- The outer electron shell holds the valence electrons

10. ATOMIC NUMBER-a number assigned to an element which gives the number of protons in its nucleus

11. MASS NUMBER- a number assigned to an atom which is the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons within its nucleus

12. ISOTOPES- Two atoms are said to be isotopes if they have the same atomic number, but different mass numbers. They have the same number of protons of their nuclei and so are atoms of the same element, but they have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei

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