Genetic Variation

Genetic Variation

1. Sources of Variation

   • Mutations
   • Meiosis
     • Independent Assortment
     • Crossing Over
     • Segregation
   • Sexual Reproduction
     • 2 Parents
     • Fertilisation

2. Key Terms

   • Gene
   • Allele
   • Trait
   • Gene Pool
   • Allele Frequency

3. Evolution

   • Natural Selection
     • Types
       • Disruptive
       • Directional
       • Stabilising
     • Darwin's Theory
       • The favourable phenotype is selected for.
   • Gene Flow
     • Gene flow affects the gene pool of a population.
     • Immigration
       • Individuals entering the population.
     • Emmigration
       • Individuals leaving the population.
   • Genetic Drift
     • The Bottleneck Effect
     • The Founder Effect

4. Inheritance

   • Monohybrid Inheritance
     • Complete Dominance
     • Incomplete Dominance
     • Co-dominance
     • Lethal Alleles
     • Multiple Alleles
   • Dihybrid Inheritance
     • 9:3:3:1 - separate chromosomes
     • 9:1:1:5 - lethal alleles/crossig over