Nervous system

Nervous system

1. Motor neurons

   • Have a short dendrite and long axon
   • transmit messages from the central nervous system to the muscles and or glands.
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2. Neuron

   • The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system.
   • Humans have about 100 billion neurons in their brain
   • All neurons have three parts
     • Dendrites
       • Receive information from another cell and transmit the message to the cell body
     • Cell body
       • The cell body contains the nucleus, mitochondria and other organelles that a eukaryotic cell contains.
     • Axon
       • The axon transfers messages away from the cell body.

3. Sensory neurons

   • Have a long dendrite and short axon
   • Carry messages from sensory receptors to the central nervous system
   • collecting information from sensory receptors that monitor the body’s internal and external conditions.
     • These signals are then apssed on to the central nervous system for further processing by other neurons and nerves.

4. Interneurons

   • Are only found in the central nervous system
   • They connect neuron to neuron
   • Interneurons intergrate which is the processing of the many sensory signals that are passed into the Central Nervous System at any given time.
     • These signals are evaluated, compared, used for decision making, diclined or transferred to the memory if needed.

5. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobooknerv.html

6. chttp://www.innerbody.com/image/nervov.html

7. The brain and spinal cord together form the central nervous system

   • where information is processed and responses are given as a reacion
   • The brain
     • The brain controls the consciousness, memory, voluntary actions, and also lower body functions like the maintenance of respiration, heart rate, blood pressure and digestion
   • Spinal cord
     • A thin mass of bundled neurons make up the spinal cord.
       • These neurons carry information throughout the spine
         • which begins at the medulla oblongata of the brain and continues to the lumbar region of the spine.

8. Synapse

   • A synapse is a the connection between a neuron an another cell. A synapse forms between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell

9. Reflexes

   • A reflex is a fast, involuntary response to stimuli.
     • Reflexes give the body a chance to respond to stimuli very quickly by sending responses to effectors before the nerve signals reach the conscious parts of the brain.
       • An example of explanation of this is when people will often pull their hands away from a hot object before they realise they are in pain