Collectivisation

Collectivisation

1. Causes

   • Raise food to feed 5-year plan workers
   • 1928= 2 million tonnes short of grain
   • Raise money by selling surplus abroad
   • Most peasants: Kulaks (rich) or peasants (poor)
   • Peasants didn't work enough to feed farms individually
   • 1928: 2 million short on grain

2. What?

   • Land and animals were now owned by the government
   • Peasants all had to move into large farms : Kohlkovs
     • But small part set for personal use
     • Animals+tools used and shared by everyone
   • Motor Tractor Stations (MTS): provided tractors
   • 90% of kholkov produce sent to government, 10% to feed peasants

3. Events

   • Communist party delegations took food- peasants starved
   • Kulaks arrested and sent to : labour camps or poor-quality land
   • 1929: 25,000 party workers sent to farms for harvest
   • 1932-33: Food production fell+ famine
   • 1934: no Kulaks left
   • 1941: Stalin achieved collectivisation - most farms
   • Nov. 1929- Mar.1930 : 60% of farms collectivised

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