Tourism

Tourism

1. LAKE DISTRICT - UK

   • why go?
     • scenery
       • Scafell Pike
       • Lake Windemere
     • cultural attractions
       • Beatrix Potter museum
       • Wordsworth's House
     • activities
       • walking
       • climbing
       • farmers often diversify to provide activities e.g. quadbiking
   • problems
     • traffic congestion/parking
       • public transport to honeypot sites
       • more carparks e.g. Rectory Rd, Windemere
     • disturbance of wildlife
       • 'rest' paths by changing footpath routes
       • reinforce Lake W. footpath with gravel/hardcore (stronger)
       • promote/advertise visiting less vulnerable areas
         • takes pressure off honeypot sites
     • footpath erosion
       • covered bins provided
       • signs reminding people to take home litter

2. KENYA - Mass

   • issues
     • environmental
       • loss of tranquility
       • Masai Mara poaching
       • habitat destruction to make way for infrastructure
       • divers damaging reeds
     • economic
       • seasonal jobs
         • poorly paid
         • fluctuating visitor numbers creates job instablility
       • profit offshoring to TNCs
     • social
       • cultural prostitution
   • pros
     • environmental
       • raises awareness for the need to conserve
       • can pay for management
     • economic
       • low income jobs converted to provide better living
       • earner of foreign exchange
   • social
     • locals can sell crafts created from locally sourced materials
       • positive multiplier effect
     • keeps local traditions alive
   • solutions
     • diversification
       • Bamburi Nature Trail transformed into a rainforest - attracts tourists to see wildlife
     • increase entrance fees
       • curb tourist numbers in over-visited areas
       • benefits domestic economy
     • floating pontoons
       • divers don't drop anchors on reefs
       • don't take coral as souvenirs

3. ANTARCTICA - Extreme

   • impacts
     • pollution
       • 2007 MV Explorer oil spill = 2.5km2
       • litter harms wildlife
     • harm to wildlife
       • trample nesting sites
       • animal breeding season = tourist season
         • breeding patterns disrupted
           • e.g. Gouder Island penguins
     • landscape damage
       • coastline/seabed damage- erosion
   • solutions
     • 1961 Treaty
       • no nuclear weapon testing or dumping of radioactive waste
       • no military activity
       • signed by 48 countries
         • not all countries signed
     • International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators
       • no more than 500 passengers on ships
       • supervise tourists - no closer than 5m from wildlife
         • not compulsory to join...
       • need permit to run activity
     • 2012 Polar Code
       • only 100 tourists ashore at a time
       • ships not allowed to use heavy oil
         • most polluting if spilt

4. KAPAWI ECOLODGES - Eco

   • economic benefits
     • 45% income derived from tourism
       • can be spent on improving infrastructure to improve Q of L
     • Achuar tribe receive visitor fee pp from Conodros
       • from 2011 they receive all income
   • partnership with Achuar tribe & Canodros
   • social benefits
     • direct employment
       • native guides are vital
     • handicraft sales
       • locals sells goods
         • positive multiplier effect
         • preserves culture
     • supply of resources
       • food eaten by tourists from Achuar communities
   • environmental benefits
     • 80% energy from solar power
     • made from locally sourced materials
       • built on stilts to prevent habitat destruction
         • animals able to live in conjunction with tourists
       • 20 thatched cabins