Mapa mental

Changing Urban Environments

John Ditchburn AQA A GCSE Human Paper 2 GCSE and A Level Inglés 4,0Valoración media 4,0 de 5 (3 valoraciones)

Contenido del mapa

Global Urbanisation
- Pace of urbanisation
  - Rich world
  - Poor world
- Causes
  - Rural-urban migration
    - Push factors
    - Pull factors
Land use
- Retail/shops
- Housing
- Industry
- Recreation
- Functional zones
  - CBD
  - Inner city
    - Built before 1918 in UK
  - Outer city/ suburbs
  - Rural-urban fringe
Rich World Urban Issues
- 1. Housing
  - Problem
    - Increasing number of households
  - Solutions
    - Brownfield Development
    - Greenfield Development
- 2. Inner city decline
  - Strategy 1
    - Urban Development Corporations
      - LDDC
  - Strategy 2
    - City Challenge
      - Regeneration
  - Strategy 3
    - Sustainable communities
- 3. Traffic
  - Park-and-ride schemes
  - Congestion charge
- 4. CBD decline
  - Example - Leicester
    - Solution - Highcross
- 5. Cultural mix
  - Segregation
    - Reasons
    - Support & integration
- Birmingham
Squatter Settlement Issues
- Living in sqatter settlements
- Improvement strategies
- Dharavi, Mumbai
Problems of Rapid Urbanisation - Poor World
- Problems
  - Environmental disasters
  - Toxic pollution
  - Water pollution
  - Waste and pollution
- Solutions
  - Waste disposal/ recycling
  - Air pollution limits
  - Dharavi, Mumbai
  - Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya
Sustainable Urban Living
- Features of sustainable cities
  - Conserving historic & natural environment
  - Reducing & disposing of waste
  - Adequate open spaces
  - Involving local people
  - Providing efficient transport
  - Curitiba
  - Bedzed