Tourism

Tourism

1. Factors affecting Tourism Growth

   • Tourism is a rapidly growing industry involving travel which has far reaching economic, social and environmental impacts
   • SOCIAL & ECONOMIC factors like greater affluence, more holiday leave, more disposable income all increase tourism growth.
   • IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY - travel is easier due to faster planes, motorways, airport expansion + flying is cheaper.
   • EXPANSION IN HOLIDAY CHOICE - media, advertising & package holidays.
   • EXTERNAL factors are outside influences that can have an impact on tourism growth in an area through no fault of their own e.g Bad Climate, Natural Disasters, Currency Exchange Rate and Terrorism.

2. Tourist Attractions

   • CITIES - Culture, food, architecture
   • COAST - beaches, climate
   • LANDSCAPE - mountains, glaciers
   • HUMAN - Man-made attractions
   • PHYSICAL - Natural attractions

3. Economic Importance of Tourism

   • In MEDC's, it's an important part of the economy. e.g. UK earns over £80 billion a year
   • MEDC's earn more from tourism as they receive more tourists annually but rely on it less than LEDC's. This is because they have a broadly balanced economy.
   • LEDC's rely more on tourism as it provides them with foreign exchange to buy goods and services from abroad and provides jobs. e.g. 80% of Barbados's GDP comes from tourism.

4. Butler Model

   • Used to show the stages in which the average tourist resort goes through.
   • Exploration is when the area is first discovered. Few tourist facilities exist.
   • Involvement is when the locals see the opportunity and provide accommodation and food supplies. Causes ripple effect
   • Development is when larger companies (often international) become involved. Package holidays introduced. Tourist numbers increased and jobs are steady.
   • Consolidation is where the resort begins to age and the tourist goes downmarket.
   • Stagnation is when the resort has become unfashionable - tourist numbers decrease and businesses go under.
   • Resort can either rejuvenate through investment and modernisation or decline where jobs are lost and the place gets a bad reputation.

5. Mass Tourism

   • MASS TOURISM - many thousands of people visiting one place at one time - often sold as all-inclusive.
   • Advantages are that it provides jobs for locals. Increases GDP. Facilities are often improved for tourist use which also benefit locals. Cultural understanding.
   • Disadvantages are the involvement of trans national corporations so much of the profit leaves the country. Unsustainable due to the huge pressure mass tourists place on resources. Land lost from agriculture to build resort. Cultural pollution (Westernisation)
   • ECO-TOURISM is responsible travel to natural areas which conserve the environment and improves the well-being of local people. COMMUNITY TOURISM is homestay, local guides, buying local produce and thus benefiting locals. These are solutions to mass tourism.
   • CONSERVATION is the careful and planned use of resources to manage and maintain an environment for the future.
   • STEWARDSHIP is the personal responsibility we all have to look after the environment for future generations.

Imágenes y archivos del mapa