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Diapositivas

The internet Protocols

Ryan Sheridan I.T BTEC Inglés 70 diapositivas

Diapositivas del conjunto (70)

  1. The Internet Protocols

    • The Internet Protocols

  2. Network Access Point (NAP)

    • An interchange between networks on the internet. It allows ISPs to interconnect with each other.
    • Network Access Point (NAP)

  3. Point of Presence (PoP)

  4. Internet Protocol (IP)

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyL1Fud1Z1c (Enclavar)
    • This protocol is used to route packets of information across the internet.
    • An individual unit of data which is carried across the network, including the internet. It is made up of a header which identifies the packet and a body which is the actual data message.

  5. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

  6. File transfer Protocol (FTP)

  7. Internet Service Provider (ISP)

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_iInpeYsy3o (Enclavar)
    • Direct connection to the internet would be very costly and so ISPs provide a cost-effective ISPs, with some of the most popular ones being BT (British Telecom), Virgin Media and Sky.gateway for people and organisations to get onto the internet.

  8. Internet Infrastructure/hardware

    • Internet Infrastructure/hardware

  9. Server

    • A computer or program which runs purely to serve the needs of other computers. It runs special server software to service the requirements of the users (clients). There are several types of servers, including file servers and printer servers on a local area network (LAN), and web and email servers.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TR1PHps6R8I (Enclavar)

  10. Client

    • This is a computer that uses the services provided by the server.
    • Client

  11. Router

    • A piece of hardware that connects two or more networks. In relation to the internet, data from described as ‘directors of traffic’ for the networks.the ISP is sent into the network and the router then directs the data packets to the correct destinations. The router also handles data travelling in the other direction.

  12. Backbone

    • The main connecting data routes between large networks on the internet and smaller networks in local regions.
    • Backbone

  13. Wireless

    • Used by wireless-enabled devices (computers, mobiles etc.) to access the internet. Wireless is what it says, there are no cables to the device to connect.

  14. Broadband

    • A wired connection to a broadband supplier. Normally the connection is via a network card in the computer. Cable users have an Ethernet connection (a cable that has to be physically put into the device) from their computer to the network.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzNBoRJCvZk (Enclavar)

  15. Dial-up

  16. Bandwidth

    • In computing, bandwidth is the bit-rate of available or consumed information capacity expressed typically in metric multiples of bits per second. Variously, bandwidth may be characterized as network bandwidth, data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ICJqv0TN6-c (Enclavar)

  17. Bit

    • A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. A bit can have only one of two values, and may therefore be physically implemented with a two-state device. These values are most commonly represented as either a 0 or 1.

  18. The World Wide Web

    • The World Wide Web

  19. Hyperlink

  20. Web Server

  21. Wizard

  22. HTML

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKlh1lwe2rY (Enclavar)
    • HTML is a computer language used to create web pages. You can create HTML directly in the language itself or by using authoring software (such as Adobe ® Dreamweaver ® or Microsoft ® Expression) which uses templates and wizards to create HTML code. HTML files usually have a file name with .htm or.html as the file extension; for example, document.htm.

  23. HTML Element

    • The content between each pair of tags is called an Html element. The language is written as a series of elements. Gradually the elements build up to describe a web page.

  24. URL

    • URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator and is a reference (an address) to a resource on the Internet. A URL has two main components: Protocol identifier: For the URL http://example.com , the protocol identifier is http . Resource name: For the URL http://example.com , the resource name is example.com.

  25. Search Engine

    • want to find web pages on a particular topic, you can use a search engine to find it. Search engines such as Google™ and Yahoo! allow you to enter a description of what you are looking for and the search engine will search its indexes (databases of web pages) and find matching items. The items are normally presented in ranking order, with the most popular or relevant search result showing at the top of the list.
    • Search Engine

  26. Data Exchange

    • Data Exchange

  27. CODEC

  28. Devices/components

    • Used as a generic term to mean computers, peripheral
    • hardware, mobile telephones, manufacturing plant,
    • environment monitors and many other things.
    • Devices/components

  29. Peripheral

    • A peripheral is any device, such as a printer, attached to a computer to expand its functionality.
    • Peripheral

  30. Internet Packet

  31. Mbps

  32. Gbps

    • Stands for gigabits per second. Approximately a thousand million bits can be transmitted through the media in one second.
    • Gbps

  33. Sun spot Activity

    • From time to time there is the equivalent of a huge wave of flame released from the surface of the Sun. This releases millions of charged particles, some of which hit the Earth. These can cause disruption to data transmissions.
    • Sun spot Activity

  34. Geostationary Satellites

  35. Byte

  36. USB

    • universal serial bus (USB) is a serial transmission method which was introduced to make many of the connections to a computer look the same. Nowadays USB is used in a wide variety of devices, such as mobile telephones, memory sticks and MP3 players.
    • USB ports also supply power to some devices. The maximum theoretical transmission rate for USB 2.0 is 480 Mbps, but this is shared among all devices on a USB hub, so the rate for each device will be less than this.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-N_vN_tmA0 (Enclavar)

  37. Client side processing

    • client-side processing is the use of a scripting language to create code on web pages which provides interactivity. The important point is that the interaction takes place within the web page and the code is downloaded to the user’s computer when theweb page is opened by the user’s browser. A good example of a client-side interaction is a roll over (often called a mouseover),where some code is triggered when you move the mouse over a particular part of the web page. Advantages of this are it is fast and it is quite secure. However, it is browser specific and it can be affected by your own computer speed.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDFf8V9n6RM (Enclavar)

  38. Server side processing

    • Server-side processing involves the use of scripts which reside and are run on another computer on the internet (the web server). Information is submitted to a server whichprocesses it to provide results in the form of a web page.A good example of server-side processing is the submission of a search through a search engine. The search engine matches the word or phrase against an index of website content on the web server using scripts. It is efficient and is browser independent. However, the security can be breached easily.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4QKLehvUhs (Enclavar)

  39. Bi-directional transmission

    • Bi-directional transmission has several meanings within data communication, but it is essentially about transmitting in both directions. Most recently the term has been applied to fibre optics. Using the current technology, light passes in one directiononly, so you have to add extra fibres to the bundle to carry a signal in the opposite direction.
    • Bi-directional transmission

  40. Packet switching

  41. Simplex

  42. Half Duplex

    • allows two-way transmissions but the devices don’t transmit at the same time. A system being used to monitor and control manufacturing processes can use half-duplex transmissions. It will send a message to the control computer, which will respond with new settings, but they both cannot send messages at the
    • same time. Some network systems use half-duplex to maximise bandwidth.
    • Half Duplex

  43. Full Duplex

    • allows two-way communication at the same time. The telephone system, land or mobile, is an example of a full duplex system.
    • Full Duplex

  44. Databases

    • Databases

  45. Database

    • A collection of data stored in a structured way.

  46. Table

    • A two-dimensional representation of data in a database.

  47. Record

    • A group of selected data which are associated in some way.

  48. Field

    • A single piece of data within a record.

  49. Primary key

    • A single unique key used to identify each record in a table.

  50. Foreign key

    • A field which can be used to cross-reference and access associated information across many tables.

  51. SQL

    • Structured Query Language (SQL) is a high-level language which is used to undertake this management activity.

  52. DDL

    • This is the part which is used to define the database structure.

  53. DML

    • This is the part used to add, delete, change and query the data which is held in the database structure.

  54. DBMS

    • Database management systems (DBMS) are the programs which allow you to create any database that you need and to use the databases you have created. The DBMS allows you to create, maintain, search and sort data on a database. It allows different users to access the database at the same time, and can provide different levels of access to the data.

  55. Threats to data

    • Threats to data

  56. Opportunist

    • People who find an unattended computer which has been left logged in to a system may view, steal or damage information, programs or even hardware.

  57. Virus

    • These are small programs which can replicate themselves and spread from computer to computer. They are never beneficial; usually they will make some changes to the system they infect and, even if they do no real damage, they are undesirable. They arrive by attaching themselves to files or email messages.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxal31zIKdE (Enclavar)

  58. Trojan

  59. Phishing

    • This is a type of threat which attempts to gain access to passwords, financial details and other such privileged information. Often this is done by email messages pretending to come from trusted websites, instant messaging or social networks. Normally they try to divert you to a website which looks original and which asks for information about you.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9TRR6lHviQc (Enclavar)

  60. Physical barriers

    • These include turning off computers and locking offices when the systems are unattended to prevent damage by people, the environment (e.g. fire, flooding, electrical interference) or theft.

  61. Password control

    • Passwords are sequences of characters, known only to the computer user, which allow access to a computer, network or application. Passwords should always be strong so that it is hard for someone else to guess them or work them out.

  62. Access Levels

    • These can be set up to allow individuals to have access to only specific levels of an application and to prevent unauthorised users from accessing particular data.

  63. Anti virus software

    • This is set up to intercept computer viruses before they can become resident on the computer. The software can isolate the virus, remove it and sometimes repair any damage. Equivalent security programs exist for other types of malware.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jlp9G6WtHcY (Enclavar)

  64. Firewall

    • This is a piece of software that monitors all data arriving at your computer from the internet and all data leaving your computer. It stops anything that it thinks is harmful or unwanted (such as viruses, spam, Trojan horses and hackers).
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2OlJZ0gI-cM (Enclavar)

  65. Encryption

    • This is used to codify data so that it cannot be read by anyone who does not have the key to the code. An algorithm, sometimes known as a cipher, is applied to the data at the transmission end and the reverse is applied at the reception end.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dut9EnbFym0 (Enclavar)

  66. Backup

    • Making a backup of data is the only way of recovering from atotal data disaster. Many individuals and organisations back up data to Flash ® solid state storage devices or magnetic tape at night. The tapes are stored safely in a separate place, so that they are not destroyed by any disaster which could destroy the master system (fire, earthquake, etc.).

  67. Data Protection Act 1998

    • The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the UK. There are 8 principals of this:
    • used fairly and lawfully
    • used for limited, specifically stated purposes
    • used in a way that is adequate, relevant and not excessive
    • accurate
    • kept for no longer than is absolutely necessary
    • handled according to people’s data protection rights
    • kept safe and secure
    • not transferred outside the European Economic Area without adequate protection
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlHF-NdaD3Y (Enclavar)

  68. Computer Misuse Act 1990

  69. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1998

    • Protects creators of original works. In order for a creation to be protected by copyright it must fall within one of the following categories of work: literary work, dramatic work, musical work, artistic work, films, sounds recordings, broadcasts, and typographical arrangement of published editions.
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zE7xxat7TjE (Enclavar)

  70. Freedom of Information Act 2000

    • The Freedom of Information Act 2000 provides public access to information held by public authorities. It does this in two ways: public authorities are obliged to publish certain information about their activities; and. members of the public are entitled to request information from public authorities.

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Descripción
BTEC I.T Diapositivas sobre The internet Protocols, creado por Ryan Sheridan el 04/11/2015.
Creado por
Ryan Sheridan · nov 2015
Actualizado
28 abr 2016
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