Chapter 1: The Science of Biology

Chapter 1: The Science of Biology

1. Science Methodology

   • Make observations. An observation is an "act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way" (Miller and Levine, 2010).
   • Ask Questions about the natural world
   • Make an inference based on information that is already known. Create a hypothesis, which is "a scientific explanation for a set of observations that an be tested in ways that support or reject it" (Miller and Levine, 2010).
   • Design a controlled experiment, which is "an experiment which keeps track of various factors that can change" (Miller and Levine, 2010).
   • Collect data by measuring and making records of all observations. Analyze the data.
   • Draw conclusions about whether or not your hypothesis was support by your experiment. If something is not supported, make a new hypothesis and test it.

2. Scientific Laws/ Theories

   • A scientific theory is "a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypotheses and that enable scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations" (Miller and Levine, 2010).
   • A scientific law is is considered more definite and factual. No laws have been disproved by any evidence. All evidence has supported this law.

3. Science and Society

   • Satisty curiosity
   • Solve everyday problems
   • Inform the public
   • Address societal issues
   • Ethics and morality
   • Avoid bias

4. Characteristics of Living Things

   • Based on a universal genetic code
   • Grow and develop
   • Respond to their environment
   • Reproduce
   • Maintain a stable internal environment
   • Obtain and use material and energy
   • Made up of cells
   • Evolve taken as a group

5. Big Ideas in Biology

   • Cellular basis of life
   • Information and heredity
   • Matter and energy
   • Growth, development, and reroduction
   • Homeostasis
   • Evolution
   • Structure and function
   • Unity and diversity of life
   • Interdependence in nature
   • Science as a Way of Knowing

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