Test
Pharmacology MCQs- 4th Year- PMU
Preguntas del test (108)
1The main routes of enteral administration of drugs are:
- Aoral
- Bby injection
- Crectal
- Dper mucosa
2Advantages of the oral route of drug administration are:
- Aeasily self-administered
- Btoxicity and overdose may be overcome with antidotes
- Cdrugs avoid first-pass metabolism
- Ddrugs go directly into the systemic circulation
3Advantages of the rectal route of drug administration are:
- Asuitable for vomiting patients
- Bsuitable for children
- Csuitable for unconscious patients
- Da way to avoid first-pass metabolism
4Disadvantages of intravenous drug administration are:
- Aa trained staff is required
- Brisk of bacterial contamination at the site of injection
- Cit is painful and stressful for the patient
- Ddrugs undergo first-pass metabolism in the liver
5Point out the correct statements for intravenous drug administration:
- Aaqueous solutions can be administered i.v.
- Boil solutions can be administered i.v.
- Chas the highest bioavailability
- Dused for treatment of life-threatening conditions
6The subject of pharmacokinetics is:
- Adrug absorption and distribution
- Bdrug biotransformation
- Cdrug elimination
- Ddrug biological activity
7Point out the correct statements for passive diffusion:
- Adoes not require energy
- Brequires energy
- Cinvolves a carrier
- Ddrugs move from high to lower concentration
8A drug-weak acid will be absorbed
- Ain a medium with low pH
- Bin a medium with high pH
- Cin the stomach
- Din the intestine
9The diffusion of Iipid soluble drugs
- Adepends on the charge of the drug molecule
- Bdoes not depend on the charge of the drug molecule
- Cis penetration through aqueous channels or pores
- Dis penetration through the biological membranes
10A drug-weak base will be absorbed
- Ain a medium with low pH
- Bin a medium with high pH
- Cin the stomach
- Din the intestine
11Point out the correct statements for active drug transport
- Ait is energy - dependent
- Bit is not energy - dependent
- Crequires carriers
- Ddoes not require carriers
12Point out the correct statement for drugs bound to plasma proteins
- Abound drugs are pharmacologically active
- Bonly the unbound drugs can act on target sites in the tissues
- Conly the bound drugs are available to the process of elimination
- Ddrugs may displace each other from the binding proteins
13Drug metabolism may
- Aincrease a drug’s pharmacological activity
- Bdecrease a drug’s pharmacological activity
- Cchange the pharmacological effects of a drug
- Dchange the toxicity of a drug
14First phase liver metabolism reactions include
- Aacetylation
- Bconjugation
- Creduction
- Doxidation
15Second phase liver metabolism reactions include
- Aacetylation
- Bconjugation
- Creduction
- Doxidation
16Phase 1 of drug metabolism
- Amay or may not involve cytochrome P450 system
- Bphase 1 reactions convert Iipophilic molecules to more polar molecules
- Cincludes alcohol dehydrogenation, amine oxidation, hydrolysis
- Dconsists of conjugation reactions
17Renal excretion of a drug will be reduced if
- Athe drug is a weak acid and the urine is alkaline
- Bthe drug is a weak acid and the urine is acidic
- Cthe drug is a weak base and the urine is alkaline
- Dthe drug is a barbiturate and the urine is alkaline
18Drug pharmacodynamics includes
- Adrug effects
- Bmechanisms of drug action
- Cdrug elimination
- Dhow the organism changes drugs
19The changes that occur due to the interaction between drug molecules and organism structures are called
- Adrug effect
- Bdrug action
- Cadverse drug reaction
- Dplacebo effect
20The organism response as a result of the changes that have occurred due to its interaction with the drug is called
- Adrug action
- Bdrug effect
- Cadverse drug reaction
- Dplacebo effect
21What is characteristic for a drug receptor
- Ainduces (generates) a change in organism functions
- Bhas selectivity
- Chas sensitivity
- Dhas specificity
22Agonists are ligands which
- Ahave affinity
- Bblock receptors
- Chave intrinsic activity
- Dbind to the receptor
23Antagonists are ligands which
- Ahave strong affinity
- Bhave intrinsic activity
- Cblock the receptor
- Ddo not have intrinsic activity
24Therapeutic margin is the
- Adifference between minimal toxic and minimal therapeutic doses
- Bratio between minimal toxic and minimal therapeutic doses
- Cdifference between mean lethal and mean effective doses
- Dratio between lethal and mean effective doses
25Drugs’ therapeutic index is the:
- Adifference between minimal toxic and minimal therapeutic doses
- Bratio between minimal toxic and minimal therapeutic doses
- Cdifference between mean lethal and mean effective doses
- Dratio between mean lethal and mean effective doses
26Types of drug interaction are:
- Asynergy
- Bantagonism
- Csynergy/antagonism
- Dchemical antagonism (formation of complexes)
27Potentiation can be observed during the concomitant use of:
- AFentanyl and Droperidol
- BHeparin and Protamine
- CAmoxicillin and Clavulanic acid
- DDiazepam and Flumazenil
28Full competitive antagonist of opioid receptors, administered in acute opioid intoxication is:
- AAllylnormorphine
- BMethadone
- CNaloxone
- DFlumazenil
29Chemical antagonism or complex formation can be observed in:
- AMorphine and Naloxone
- BDiazepam and Flumazenil
- CEpinephrine and Histamine
- DIron preparation and Deferroxamine
30Which of the following are enzyme inducers:
- APhenytoin
- BPhenobarbital
- CMetamizol
- DMetronidazole
31Multiple drug administration could lead to:
- Adrug tolerance
- Bdrug dependence
- Cdrug accumulation
- Dallergic reactions
32Drug addiction/dependence involves:
- Adrug tolerance
- Bphysical dependence
- Cpsychological dependence
- Dallergy
33Antiseptics are used for:
- Adecontamination of laundry and sanitary facilities
- Bdecontamination of skin and mucous membranes
- Cinternal administration
- Dtreatment of fever
34Disinfectants are used for decontamination of:
- Aurine, faeces and other
- Bmouth
- Cinstruments
- Dclothing and underwear
35Antiseptics and disinfectants are:
- Adetergents
- Bbarbiturates
- Coxidizing agents and halogen derivatives
- Dphenols
36Mechanism of action of sulfonamide is:
- Athey are synthetic analogues of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and complete with it for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase
- Bthey increase the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane
- Cthey inhibit bacterial wall synthesis
- Dthey inhibit the synthesis of bacterial dihydrofolic acid
37For non-combined sulfanamides is true:
- Ahave broad antibacteriai spectrum
- Bhave narrow antibacterial spectrum
- Cthey are bactericidal
- Dthey are bacteriostatic
38Combined sulfonamides are:
- Abacteriostatic drugs
- Bbactericidal drugs
- Cantiviral drugs
- Dnarrow spectrum antimicrobial drugs
39Fluoroquinoiones are:
- AGentamycin
- BMoxifloxacin
- CCiprofloxacin
- DLevofloxacin
40Mechanism of action of quinolones is:
- Ainhibition of protein synthesis
- Binhibition of cell wall synthesis
- Cinhibition of topoisomerase II and IV
- Dinhibition of DNA transcription and replication
41Fluoroquinolones have:
- Abroad antibacterial spectrum
- Bnarrow antibacterial spectrum
- Cbacteriostatic effect
- Dbactericidal effect
42Adverse drug reactions of fluoroquinolones are:
- Aarticular cartilage erosion (arthropathy)
- Bhypertension
- Cseizures in patients with epilepsy
- Dprolongation of QT interval
43Antimicrobials that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis are:
- Apenicillins
- Bcephalosporins
- Cmonobactams
- Dtetracyclines
44Tetracyclines
- Aare bactericidal
- Bare bacterostatic
- Caccumulate in tissues- in bones and teeth
- Dare effective against rickettsiae, mycoplasma, chlamydia
45Macrolide antibiotics are:
- AAzithromycin (Azatril)
- BRoxithromycin (Rulid)
- CClarithroomycin (Klacid)
- DGentamycin
46Macrolides are:
- Abactericidal
- Bbacteriostatic
- Cinhibitors of methylxanthines’ metabolism
- Deffective against mycoplasmas, Legionella, Chlamydia
47Adverse drug reactions of macrolides include:
- Agastrointestinal disturbances
- Ballergy
- Chepatotoxicity
- Dnephrotoxicity
48Beta-lactam antibiotics are
- Apenicillins
- Bcephalosporins
- Cmonobactams
- Dcarbapenems
49Adverse drug reactions of penicillins are:
- Aallergic reactions
- Bhepatotoxicity
- Canaphylactic shock
- Ddisbactenosrs (for orally administered broad-spectrum penicillins)
50Cephalosporins 1st generation are:
- AMore effective against Gram (+) microorganisms
- BCefalexin and Cefazolin
- CBacteriostatic
- DSome agents are nephrotoxic
51Cephalosporins 3rd generation are:
- ACefetamet and Ceftriaxon
- BCefaclor and Cefamandol
- CMore effective against Gram (-) microorganisms
- DUsed for treatment of life-threatening infections
52Aminoglycoside antibiotics are:
- AGentamycin
- BAmoxiclav
- CAmikacin
- DTobramycin
53The correct statements of aminoglycoside antibiotics are:
- Athey block protein synthesis and are bactericidal
- Bthey accumulate in soft tissues and bones
- Cthey are administrated orally for treatment of urinary infections
- Dthey are effective against Gram (-) microorganisms
54Adverse drug reactions of aminoglycosides are:
- Anephrotoxicity
- Bototoxicity
- Cmyelotoxlcity
- Dhepatotoxiclty
55Azoles
- Aare fungistatic
- Binhibit cell wall synthesis
- Cinhibit ergosterol synthesis
- Dinhibit hepatic CYP450 enzymes
56ADRs of azole antifungals are:
- Ahepatotoxicity
- Bendocrine disorders
- Cnephrotoxicity
- Dnausea, vomiting
57Point the correct statements for Nystatin
- Ahas fungistatic activity
- Bcauses gastrointestinal disturbances
- Cis effective against Trichomonas vaginalis
- Dis effective against Candida species
58Point out the correct statements for Aciclovir
- Ait inhibits viral DNA polymerase
- Bit is used for treatment of herpes virus infections
- Cit inhibits neuraminidase enzyme
- Dcan be applied topically, orally or intravenously
59Mechanism of action of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is
- Ainterference with the function of the viral M2 protein
- Binhibition of specific neuraminidase enzyme
- Cinhibition of reverse transcriptases
- Dinhibition of proteases
60Mechanism of action of Rifampicin (Rifampin) is
- Ainhibition of cell wall synthesis
- Binhibition of 50 S ribosomal subunit
- Cinhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- Dincreased cell membrane permeability
61ADRs of Rifampicin (Rifampin) are:
- Aheart failure
- Borange-red color of urine and other secretions
- Chepatotoxicity
- Dhypoglycaemia
62What are the effects of benzodiazepines?
- Ahypnotic effect
- Banxiolytic effect
- Cmuscle-relaxing effect
- Danticonvulsant effect
63How do benzodiazepines exert their effects?
- Athey enhance the effectiveness of GABA
- Bthey inhibit the phosphodiesterase
- Cthey are positive allosteric modulators of the GABA-mediation
- Dthey block D2 receptors in the CNS
64Nonbenzodiazepines hypnotics that act at GABA-recptor are
- APhenobarbital
- BMelatonin
- CZolpidem (Stilnox)
- DZopiclone (Imovan)
65Adverse drug reaction of Zopiclone (Imovan) are
- Abitter or metallic taste in the mouth
- Bbehavioral changes
- Chypertension
- Dhypoglycemia
66Magnesium sulfate has sedative effects when administered
- Aorally
- Bparenterally
- Csubcutaneously
- Dby inhalation
67Mechanism of action of antiepileptic drugs includes
- Aenhancing GABA synaptic transmission
- Bblocking D2 receptors
- Creducing cell membrane permeability to calcium T-channels
- Dreducing cell membrane permeability to sodium channels
68Drugs reducing cell membrane permeability to voltage-dependent sodium channels are
- ACarbamazepine
- BBenzodiazepines
- CLamotrigine
- DValproate
69Cell membrane permeability to calcium T-channels is reduced by
- AValproate
- BEthosuximide
- CPhenobarbital
- DLevetiracetam
70What are the clinical indications for prescribing Carbamazepine?
- AIt is a drug of first choice or focal and secondary generalized epilepsy
- BIt is appropriate for treatment of absence seizures
- CIt is used in the treatment of insomnia
- DIt is useful for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
71What is characteristic of Phenytoin?
- AIt reduces cell membrane permeability to voltage-dependent sodium channels
- BIt increases GABA synaptic transmission
- CIt is a potent enzyme inducer
- DIt is also used as an antiarrhythmic drug
72Adverse drug reactions of Valproates are
- Aconstipation
- Bweight gain
- Chair loss
- Dhepatotoxicity
73Which antiepileptic drugs can be used for treating status epilepticus?
- ABenzodiazepines
- BCarboxamides
- CValproates
- DBarbiturates
74Muscarinic cholinergic receptors are located in:
- Askeletal muscles
- Bbronchial smooth muscles
- Cheart
- Dsmooth muscles of GIT
75Nicotinic cholinergic receptors are located in:
- Aautonomic ganglia
- Badrenal gland medulla
- Cheart muscle
- Dskeletal muscles
76Pharmacological effects of Acetylcholine are:
- Abradycardia
- Btachycardia
- Cincreased digestive (abundant saliva), bronchial, cutaneous, (sweat) and lacrimal secretions
- Dincreased tone and peristaltic contractions of GIT
77M-receptor agonist used for treatment of glaucoma is:
- AAtropini sulfas
- BPilocarpini hydrochloridum
- CNeostigmini methylsulfas
- DGalantamini bromidum
78What are the effects of Pilocarpine after eye application?
- Amydriasis
- Bmiosis
- Cincreases the intraocular pressure
- Ddecreases the intraocular pressure
79Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors (anticholinesterases) are:
- Alpratropii bromidum
- BGalantamine bromidum
- CNeostigmine methylsulfas
- DPyridostigmine bromidum
80Anticholinesterases are contraindicated in:
- Abronchial asthma
- Bparalytic ileus
- Cepilepsy
- Dbradycardia
81Antimuscarinic receptor antagonists are:
- AAtropini sulfas
- BButylscopolamine
- CAtracurium besilas
- DIpratropium bromidum
82Pharmacological effects of antimuscarinic drugs are:
- Atachycardia
- Bintestinal smooth muscle relaxation
- Cmydriasis
- Ddecrease the secretion of exocrine glands
83Clinical indications for prescribing antimuscarinic drugs are
- Abronchial asthma
- Bspasm of the smooth muscles of GlT
- Cto elicit papillary dilation
- Dglaucoma
84Adverse drug reactions of Atropine are:
- Adry mouth
- Btachycardia
- Cdifficulties in seeing close objects
- Ddisorientation and hallucinations
85Adverse drug reactions of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are:
- Ahistamine release
- Bhypotension
- Chypertension
- Dallergic reaction
86Which of the following drugs will antagonise the effect of the non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers?
- AAnticholinesterases
- BMAO inhibitors
- CAntimuscarinic agents
- DAminoglycoside antibiotics
87What are the main features of Suxamethonium chioridum:
- Ashort-lasting effect
- Bhas no antagonist
- Canticholinesterases prolong its effect
- Doral administration
88α1-adrenoceptors are located on:
- Apresynaptic neuronal endings
- Bpostsynaptic neuronal endings
- Cblood vessels
- Diris dilator muscle
89β1-adrenoceptors are located on:
- Apostsynaptic neuronal endings
- Bpresynaptic neuronal endings
- Cmyocardial cells
- Djuxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney
90β2-adrenoceptors are located on:
- Apostsynaptic neuronal endings
- Bbronchial smooth muscles
- Cliver
- Duterus (womb)
91Indications for the clinical use of Epinephrine are:
- Aanaphylactic shock
- Bhypoglycemia
- Carrhythmia
- Dglaucoma with wide iridocorneal angle
92Pharmacological effects of the selective β2-agonists are:
- Apupillary dilation
- Bbronchial dilation
- Cblood pressure elevation
- Drelaxation of uterine muscle
93Which of the following drugs are selective β2-agonists?
- Alsoprenalini sulfas
- BOrciprenalini sulfas
- CSalbutamol
- DSalmeterol
94β2-agonists are indicated in:
- Abronchial asthma
- Bdigitalis intoxication
- Carterial hypertension
- Dthreatening abortion
95Adverse drug reactions of β2-agonists are:
- Afinger tremor
- Bbronchial dilatation
- Chyperglycemia
- Dtolerance
96Which of the following drugs act as agonists of the presynaptic α2-adrenoceptors?
- ASalbutamol
- BClonidini hydrochloridum
- Cα-Methyldopum (Dopegyt)
- DSotalol
97Adverse drug reactions of Clonidin are:
- ADry mouth
- BDrowsiness and depression
- CHypertensive attacks following abrupt cessation of treatment
- DCNS stimulation
98For Methyldopa is true:
- Ahas antihypertensive effect
- Bit is safe in pregnancy
- Ccould cause drug-induced parkinsonism
- Dused to treat threatening abortion
99Which of the following drugs are selective β1-blockers?
- AAtenolol
- BPindolol
- CPropranolol
- DMetoprolol
100β-blockers are indicated in case of:
- Ahypertension
- Bbronchial asthma
- Carrhythmia
- Dischaemic heart disease
101β-blocker approved for topical use in treatment of glaucoma is:
- ABisoprolol
- BMetoprolol
- CTimolol
- DPropranolol
102Potential adverse drug reactions of β-blockers are
- Ahypoglycaemia
- Bbronchoconstriction
- Chyperglycaemia
- Dnightmares
103Effects of methylxanthines on the cardio-vascular system are:
- Apositive inotropic effect
- Bnegative inotropic effect
- Cincreased cardiac output
- Dcranial vessels constriction
104Adverse drug reactions of methylxanthines are:
- Aarrhythmia
- Bseizures - in higher doses
- Cincreased oxygen demand of the heart
- Dbronchial constriction
105Therapeutic uses of Methylehenidaie are:
- Aattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children
- Bhypertension
- Cnarcolepsy
- Dconcentration and attention deficit in adults
106Antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are:
- AFluoxetine
- BClomipramine
- CParoxetine
- DAmitriptyiine
107Mode of action of antidepressants involves:
- AInhibition of serotonin reuptake
- BInhibition of norepinephrin reuptake
- CStimulation of serotonin reuptake
- DMAO inhibition
108In treatment with MAOIs should be avoided the intake of:
- Atyramine containing nutrition
- Bcyclic antidepressants
- Cadrenomimetics
- Dcholinolytics
Información
- Descripción
- Medicine Pharmacology Test sobre Pharmacology MCQs- 4th Year- PMU, creado por Med Student el 09/12/2018.
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- Med Student
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- English
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