Test
Human Hormones
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Preguntas del test (66)
1The endocrine system consists of
- AHormones
- BThe ductless glands and cells that secrete hormones
- CThe receptors that recognize hormones in the proper target cells
- DAll of the above
2Each hormone is produced by a specific gland or cell type
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
3Endocrinology is the medical specialty that
- Adiagnoses and treats hormone-related disorders
- Bdiagnoses and treats kidney-related disorders
- Cdiagnoses and treats liver-related disorders
4The major component of the endocrine system
- APituitary gland
- BOrgans containing endocrine cells
- CFat tissue
5Homeostasis is the maintenance of?
- Asteady-state physiological conditions in the body
- Bnon-steady-state physiological conditions in the body
6All of the body’s physiological processes must be maintained within their genetically-determined ranges for life to exist
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
7The endocrine system consists of hormones, the ductless glands and cells that secrete hormones, and hormone receptors in target cells
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
8Hormones coordinate the proper response to to internal and external stimulating factors called stimuli
- Astimuli
- Breceptors
9Appetite, behavior, and emotions are not affected by hormones
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
10Some hormones enable us to respond effectively to non-threatening environmental conditions
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
11Some hormones that are hydrophilic
- AAmino Acids
- BSteroids
- CProteins
- DPostaglandins
12Some hormones that are hydrophobic
- ASteroids
- BAmino acids
- CProstaglandins
- DProteins
13Some hormones are gases
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
14Nitric oxide a gas, functions in the body as both a local regulator and a neurotransmitter.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
15When the level of oxygen in the blood falls, endothelial cells in blood vessel walls synthesize and release______
- ACO2
- BO2
- Cnitric oxide
16Nitric oxide activates an enzyme that constricts the cells. The result is vasodilation, which increases blood flow to tissues.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
17Hormones fall into three major chemical classes:
- Apolypeptides
- Bsteroids
- Camines
- DThyroids
- EGlucose
18The hormone ____ is a polypeptide that contains two chains in its active form
- Ainsulin
- Bcortisol
- Cepinephrine
- Dthyroxine
19Steroid hormones, such as ______, are lipids that contain four fused carbon rings.
- Ainsulin
- Bcortisol
- Cepinephrine
- Dthyroxine
20_____ and _____ are amine hormones, each synthesized from a single amino acid, either tyrosine or tryptophan
- AEpinephrine and thyroxine
- BInsulin and cortisol
- CEstrogen and testosterone
21Polypeptides and most amine hormones are water-soluble, whereas steroid hormones and other largely nonpolar (hydrophobic) hormones, such as thyroxine, are lipid-soluble.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
22Endocrine glands and endocrine cells are located within capillary networks (beds)
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
23The strategic placement of endocrine glands and endocrine cells facilitates the transport of hormones to their target cells located ______
- Athroughout the body
- Bin the muscle tissue
- Cin adipose tissue
- Din the kidneys
24Endocrine glands and endocrine cells' hormones bind to
- ANeural Tissue
- BSkeletal Muscle Tissue
- CFat Tissue
25The relatively large size of hormones facilitates their systemic transport to target cells
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
26Hydrophobic hormones can directly dissolve in blood so they can be transported to target cells
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
27A target cell must use a receptor embedded in its cell wall to recognize a hydrophilic (water-soluble) hormone
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
28Hydrophilic hormones cannot directly diffuse across the cell membrane and are confined to the _____
- Aintra-cellular fluid
- Bextra-cellular fluid
29Hydrophobic hormones can _______ across the cell membrane of target cells
- Adirectly diffuse
- Bnot directly diffuse
30Hydrophilic hormones are confined to the intra-cellular fluid surrounding target cells
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
31Target cells use intra-cellular receptors to recognize ______ hormones
- Ahydrophilic
- Bhydrophobic
- Cexternal antigens
32Target cells use intra-cellular receptors in the cell membrane to recognize hydrophilic hormones
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
33Water-soluble _________ transport hydrophobic hormones in the blood to their target cells
- Atransport proteins
- Bregulators
- Cneurons
34Islets of ____ on the pancreas
- Alangerhans
- Bsanger
- Cbangerbombs
35The glucagon producing alpha cells are what color
- Apurple
- Byellow
- Cgreen
- Dred
36The insulin producing beta cells are what color
- Aorange
- Bgreen
- Cred
- Dyellow
- Eblue
37When blood glucose levels are high
- AThe pancreas releases insulin
- BThe liver releases insulin
38A liver cell responds to insulin by
- ATaking in glucose and converting it to glycogen
- BTaking in glycogen and converting it to glucose
- CTaking in glucose and converting it to glucagon
39What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose?
- APancreas
- BLiver cells
- CStomach
40Body cells that respond to insulin include
- ALiver cells
- BLiver cells, as well as most other cells of the body.
- CPancreas cells
- DStomach cells
41When blood glucose levels are low
- AThe pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
- BThe pancreas releases insulin, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
- CLiver cells convert more glucose to glycogen.
- DThe pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase
42The body's tendency to maintain relatively constant internal conditions is called
- Ahomeostasis
- Bpositive feedback
- Cnegative feedback
- Ddiabetes
43PTH stands for
- Aparathyroid hormone
- Bpituitary thyroid hormone
- Cpulmonary thyroid hormone
44What feedback regulation occurs when the correct response removes the initial stimulus that induced hormone secretion and consequently stops hormone secretion
- ANegative
- BPositive
- CSpecial
45During negative feedback the response of a target cell to a hormone helps bring the body back to _______
- Ahomeostasis
- BATP
- Cpositive feedback
46Insulin contributes to glucose homeostasis by reducing high blood glucose to normal levels
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
47Glucagon contributes to glucose homeostasis by increasing low blood glucose to normal levels
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
48The restoration of normal blood glucose levels stops insulin secretion. This is an example of positive feedback regulation.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
49Insulin restores normal blood calcium levels by retrieving more calcium from urine, stimulating vitamin d synthesis, and releasing calcium from bone tissue
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
50Epinephrine is one of the many hormones that is water-soluble (hydrophilic) and therefore unable to cross the
- Ahydrophobic plasma membrane of its target cells
- Bhydrophilic plasma membrane of its target cells
51Epinephrine binds to receptor proteins located in the
- Aplasma membrane
- Bblood vessel
- Ccell wall
52When epinephrine binds to beta receptors on the liver cell ____ proteins on the inner side of the cell membrane are activated
- AA
- BB
- CG
53When steroid hormones arrive at their target cells they dissociate from their protein carriers and ______
- Aare confined to the extra-cellular fluid
- Bpass through the plasma membrane of the cell
54In many female vertebrates, ______ binds to a specific cytoplasmic receptor in liver cells.
- Aepinephrine
- Btestosterone
- Cestradiol
55When estradiol binds to a receptor _____ is activated for a gene protein vitellogenin.
- Atransduction
- Btranscription
56In mammals, the ______ a set of four small structures embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid, play a major role in blood Ca2+ regulation.
- Aadrenal glands
- Bparathyroid glands
57When the blood Ca2+ level falls below a set point of about 10 mg/100 mL, these glands release _____
- AATP
- BGTP
- CPTH
58In ____, PTH causes the mineralized matrix to break down, releasing Ca2+ into the blood.
- Abones
- Bmuscle
- Cfat tissue
59In the _____, PTH directly stimulates reabsorption of Ca2+ through renal tubules.
- Aliver
- Bkidneys
- Cstomach
60PTH indirectly raises blood Ca2+ levels by promoting production of ______
- Acalcium
- Bvitamin D
- Cvitamin C
61PTH acts in the kidney to stimulate completion of the conversion process. Vitamin D in turn acts on the _______, stimulating the uptake of Ca2+ from food.
- Aliver
- BPTH
- Cintestines
62When blood pressure or volume drops, in the afferent arteriole, the JGA releases the enzyme _____
- Athyroxine
- Brenin
- CADH
63The renin angiotension aldosterone system is a classic endocrine system that helps to regulate long term blood pressure and extra-cellular volume in the body
- Aregulate long term blood pressure and extra-cellular volume in the body
- Bregulate hormones and extra-cellular volume in the body
64Renin is an enzyme secreted into the blood from specialized cells that encircle the arterioles at the entrance to the glomeruli of the
- Aliver
- Bkidneys (the renal capillary networks that are the filtration units of the kidney).
65These smooth muscle cells make renin
- Abrain
- Bkidney
66Maintaining _____ homeostasis occurs in the renin-angiotension-aldosterone system
- Atemperature
- Bblood volume (blood pressure)
- Cblood glucose levels
Información
- Descripción
- Biology Test sobre Human Hormones, creado por nelsonsarah05 el 26/04/2015.
- Autor
- nelsonsarah05
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 4
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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