Test
Chapter 5 - Operant Conditioning
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Preguntas del test (33)
1[blank_start]Operant conditioning[blank_end] deals with the learning of active, voluntary behaviors that are shaped and maintained by their consequences
- AOperant conditioning
- BClassical conditioning
2The [blank_start]law of effect[blank_end] is a learning principle proposed by Thorndike, in which responses followed by a satisfying [blank_start]effect[blank_end] become strengthened and are more likely to recur in a particular situation, while responses followed by a dissatisfying [blank_start]effect[blank_end] are weakened and less likely to recur in a particular situation
- Alaw of effect
- Beffect
- Ceffect
3B.F Skinner coined the term [blank_start]operant[blank_end] to describe any active behavior that operates upon the environment to generate consequence
- Aoperant
4This is said to occur when a stimulus or an event follows an operant and increases the likelihood of the operant being repeated
- APostive reinforcement
- BNegative reinforcement
- CReinforcement
5There are two forms of reinforcement - positive and negative?
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
6[blank_start]Postive reinforcement[blank_end] involves following an operant with the addition of a reinforcing stimulus
- APostive reinforcement
- BNegative reinforcement
7[blank_start]Negative reinforcement[blank_end] involves an operant that is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus
- ANegative reinforcement
- BPostive reinforcement
8Aversive stimuli typically involve physical or psychological discomfort that an organism seeks to escape of avoid?
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
9A [blank_start]primary[blank_end] reinforcer is one that is naturally reinforcing for a given species
- Aprimary
10A [blank_start]conditioned[blank_end] reinforcer is one that has acquired reinforcing value by being associated with a primary reinforcer
- Aconditioned
11[blank_start]Punishment[blank_end] is a process in which a behavior is followed by an aversive consequence that decreases the likelihood of the behavior's being repeated
- APunishment
12Negative reinforcement always [blank_start]increases[blank_end] the likelihood that an operant will be repeated in the future. Punishment always [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] the future performance of an operant
- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
13[blank_start]Postive punishment[blank_end] involves a response being followed by the presentation of an aversive stimulus
- APostive punishment
- BNegative punishment
14[blank_start]Negative punishment[blank_end] is a situation in which an operant is followed by the removal or subtraction of a reinforcing stimulus
- ANegative punishment
- BPostive punishment
15The specific stimulus in the presence of which a particular operant is more likely to be reinforced is called?
- APostive punishment
- BDiscriminative stimulus
- CNegative punishment
16The [blank_start]operant chamber[blank_end] or [blank_start]Skinner box[blank_end] is the experimental apparatus invented by B.F Skinner to study the relationship between environmental events and active behaviors
- Aoperant chamber
- BSkinner box
17[blank_start]Shaping[blank_end] involves reinforcing successively closer approximations of a behavior until the correct behavior is displayed
- AShaping
18[blank_start]Continuous reinforcement[blank_end] is a schedule of reinforcement in which every occurrence of a particular response is followed by a reinforcer
- AContinuous reinforcement
- BPartial reinforcement
19[blank_start]Partial reinforcement[blank_end] is a situation in which the occurrence of a particular response is only sometimes followed by a reinforcer
- APartial reinforcement
- BContinuous reinforcemnet
20Extinction occurs when an emitted behavior is no longer followed by a reinforcer
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
21[blank_start]Partial[blank_end] reinforcement effect is the phenomenon in which behaviors that are conditioned using partial reinforcement are more resistant to extinction than behaviors that are conditioned using continuous reinforcement
- APartial
22[blank_start]Schedule of reinforcement[blank_end] is the delivery of a reinforcer according to a preset pattern based on the number of responses or the time interval between responses
- ASchedule of reinforcement
- BPartial reinforcement effect
23[blank_start]Fixed- ratio[blank_end] schedule is when a reinforcer is delivered after a fixed number of responses has occurred
- AFixed- ratio
- BVariable ratio
24A [blank_start]variable- ratio[blank_end] schedule is when a reinforcer is delivered after an average number of responses, which varies unpredictably from trial to trial
- Avariable- ratio
- Bfixed-ratio
25[blank_start]Fixed-interval[blank_end] schedule is when a reinforcer is delivered for the first response that occurs after a preset time interval has elapsed
- AFixed-interval
- BVariable-interval
26[blank_start]Variable-interval[blank_end] schedule occurs for the first response emitted after an average amount of time has elapsed, but the interval varies from trial to trail.
- AVariable-interval
- BFixed-interval
27The application of learning principles to help people develop more effective or adaptive behaviors is called behavior modification?
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
28A [blank_start]cognitive[blank_end] map is Tolman's term for the mental representation of the layout of a familiar environment
- Acognitive
29[blank_start]Latent[blank_end] learning is Tolman's term for learning that occurs in the absence of reinforcement but is not behaviorally demonstrated until a reinforcer becomes available
- ALatent
30[blank_start]Learned helplessness[blank_end] is a phenomenon in which exposure to inescapable and uncontrollable aversive events produces passive behavior
- ALearned helplessness
31Instinctive drift is the tendency of an animal to revert to instinctive behaviors that can interfere with the performance of an operantly conditioned response?
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
32Observation learning takes place through observing the actions of others?
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
33The psychologist most strongly identified with observational learning is?
- AWaston
- BSkinner
- CBandura
Información
- Descripción
- Psychology Test sobre Chapter 5 - Operant Conditioning, creado por Rachel Pill el 20/10/2017.
- Autor
- Rachel Pill
- Idioma
- English
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- 3
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