Test
Protein Targeting
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (39)
1What sequence on a protein helps us target to the endoplasmic reticulum?
- ASignal sequence
- BNuclear localisation sequence
- CSNARE sequence
- DGlucokinase
2The signal sequence is the first part of a ER-targeted protein to be synthesised.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
3At which peptide terminal is the signal sequence found?
- AN-terminal
- BC-terminal
4The signal sequence codes for a series of hydrophilic amino acids.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
5What molecule binds to a protein-ribosome complex and facilitates binding to a receptor on the endoplasmic reticulum?
- ASignal Recognition Particle (SRP)
- BNuclear Localisation Sequence (NLS)
- CSNARE protein
- DHSP70
6Through what protein is the new protein guided through after it has been targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum?
- ATranslocon channel
- BSignal Recognition Particle
- CSNARE
- DNa+/K+ ATPase
7Fill in the blanks below to describe protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum.
1. The first part of the protein synthesised is the [blank_start]signal sequence[blank_end]. This is a series of [blank_start]hydrophobic[blank_end] amino acids at the [blank_start]N[blank_end]-terminus of the peptide.
2. The [blank_start]signal sequence[blank_end] is recognised by [blank_start]Signal Recognition Particle[blank_end] (SRP).
3. [blank_start]Signal Recognition Particle[blank_end] is recognised by a receptor on the ER membrane.
4. The [blank_start]Signal Recognition Particle[blank_end] is cleaved off, leaving the [blank_start]ribosome[blank_end] bound to the ER membrane.
5. The protein is guided through a t[blank_start]ranslocon[blank_end] protein on the ER membrane as its synthesis continues.
6. The enzyme [blank_start]signal peptidase[blank_end] cleaves the signal sequence off the protein once synthesis is complete.- Asignal sequence
- Bhydrophobic
- CN
- Dsignal sequence
- ESignal Recognition Particle
- FSignal Recognition Particle
- GSignal Recognition Particle
- Hribosome
- Iranslocon
- Jsignal peptidase
8From which face of the golgi are vesicles budded off for transport?
- ACis
- BTrans
9At which face of the golgi are vesicles received from transport?
- ACis
- BTrans
10SNARE proteins facilitate the targeting of what?
- AVesicles
- BER proteins
- CGolgi apparatus proteins
- DNuclear proteins
11When are v-SNARES incorporated into the membranes of vesicles?
- ADuring budding
- BDuring phospholipid synthesis
- CDuring targeting
- DIn the cytosol
12What type of SNARE proteins are present at the target membranes where they will be complementary to a specific v-SNARE?
- At-SNARE
- Bm-SNARE
- Cf-SNARE
- Dp-SNARE
13When does mitochondrial targeting occur?
- AAfter translation before folding
- BAfter folding
14At which terminus of a mitochondrial-targeted protein will you find the matrix-targeting sequence?
- AN-terminus
- BC-terminus
15What protein binds to mitochondrial-targeted proteins in the cytosol and matrix to prevent them from folding?
- AHSP70 chaperone
- BTIM44
- CTOM40
- DTIM23/17
16The matrix targeting sequence binds to what?
- AImport receptor on outer membrane
- BTOM40
- CTIM44
- DHSP70 chaperone
17What import pore is the mitochondrial protein targeted into first?
- ATOM40
- BTIM23/17
- CTIM44
18Cytosolic HSP70 is cleaved from the mitochondrial protein as it enters the first import pore.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
19What is required to cleave HSP70 chaperone from mitochondrial proteins?
- AATP hydrolysis
- BGTP hydrolysis
- CATP synthesis
- DCoenzyme A
20What is the function of matrix processing protease?
- ACleaves matrix-targeting sequence from protein
- BCleaves HSP70 chaperone from protein
- CActivates TOM40
- DInactives TIM44
21Fill in the blanks below to describe how proteins are targeted to the mitochondria.
1. The [blank_start]matrix-targeting sequence[blank_end] is found at the [blank_start]N[blank_end] terminal of the protein.
2. Cytosolic [blank_start]HSP70[blank_end] binds to the protein using energy from [blank_start]ATP[blank_end] to prevent the protein from [blank_start]folding[blank_end].
3. The [blank_start]matrix-targeting sequence[blank_end] binds to an [blank_start]import receptor[blank_end] on the outer membrane.
4. The [blank_start]import receptor[blank_end] targets the protein through [blank_start]TOM40[blank_end]. Meanwhile, [blank_start]HSP70[blank_end] is cleaved from the protein using [blank_start]ATP[blank_end] hydrolysis.
5. The protein enters the matrix via import pores [blank_start]TIM44[blank_end] and TIM23/[blank_start]17[blank_end].
6. The protein binds to matrix [blank_start]HSP70[blank_end] to prevent it from [blank_start]folding[blank_end].
7. [blank_start]Matrix processing protease[blank_end] enzyme cleaves the [blank_start]matrix-targeting sequence[blank_end] from the protein.
8. The protein can now begin [blank_start]folding[blank_end].- Amatrix-targeting sequence
- BN
- CHSP70
- DATP
- Efolding
- Fmatrix-targeting sequence
- Gimport receptor
- Himport receptor
- ITOM40
- JHSP70
- KATP
- LTIM44
- M17
- NHSP70
- Ofolding
- PMatrix processing protease
- Qmatrix-targeting sequence
- Rfolding
22When does the targeting of proteins to the nucleus occur?
- AAfter folding
- BAfter translation before folding
23What property does the Nuclear Localisation Signal have that allows it to target?
- ABasic
- BAcidic
- CPolar
- DHydrophobic
24What protein does the nuclear localisation sequence bind to?
- AImportin
- BRan
- CRanGEF
- DSNARE
25Ran binds to GTP in the cytosol.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
26What converts RanGDP to RanGTP in the cytosol?
- ARan guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RanGEF)
- BMAPK
- CMAPKK
- DATP
27What happens to RanGTP in the nucleus?
- ABinds to importin
- BBinds to Nuclear Localisation Sequence
- CActivated by MAPK
- DDestroyed by RanGEF
28Importin and RanGTP are recycled by their exit from the nucleus after targeting takes place.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
29What does cytosolic Ran GTPase activated protein do?
- AStimulates hydrolysis of RanGTP to RanGDP
- BStimulates formation of RanGTP from RanGDP
- CActivates binding of importin to RanGTP
- DActivates cleavage of importin from Nuclear Localisation Sequence
30What triggers the release of importin from Ran?
- AHydrolysis of RanGTP to RanGDP
- BChange in pH of the cytosol
- CFormation of RanGTP from RanGDP
- DAction of RanGEF
31Fill in the blanks below to describe the targeting of proteins to the nucleus.
1. The [blank_start]Nuclear Localisation Sequence[blank_end] on the protein binds to [blank_start]importin[blank_end] in the cytosol.
2. Ran binds to [blank_start]GDP[blank_end] in the cytosol.
3. Both of these complexes enter the nucleus via [blank_start]nuclear pores[blank_end].
4. In the nucleus, Ran [blank_start]Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor[blank_end] (RanGEF) converts RanGDP to [blank_start]RanGTP[blank_end].
5. [blank_start]RanGTP[blank_end] binds to [blank_start]importin[blank_end]. This disrupts [blank_start]importin[blank_end]'s ability to bind to the [blank_start]Nuclear Localisation Sequence[blank_end]. The protein is released.
6. Importin and Ran[blank_start]GTP[blank_end] exit the nucleus via a nuclear pore.
7. Cytosolic Ran [blank_start]GTPase activated protein[blank_end] (Ran GAP) stimulates Ran to hydrolyse [blank_start]GTP[blank_end] to [blank_start]GDP[blank_end].
8. [blank_start]RanGDP[blank_end] allows the release of [blank_start]importin[blank_end].- ANuclear Localisation Sequence
- Bimportin
- CGDP
- Dnuclear pores
- EGuanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor
- FRanGTP
- GRanGTP
- Himportin
- Iimportin
- JNuclear Localisation Sequence
- KGTP
- LGTPase activated protein
- MGTP
- NGDP
- ORanGDP
- Pimportin
32What are lysosomal proteins tagged with in the Golgi apparatus?
- AMannose-6-phosphate
- BGlucokinase
- CPhosphate
- DImportin
33Mannose-6-phosphate and lysosomal proteins are targeted to transport vesicles in the Golgi via what?
- AM6P receptors
- BImportin
- CTOM40
- DSNAREs
34What do transport vesicles from the Golgi containing lysosomal proteins fuse with?
- AEarly endosome
- BCell membrane
- CCis face of Golgi apparatus
- DEndoplasmic reticulum
35ATP synthase continuously pumps H+ into the endosome containing lysosomal proteins. What does this cause?
- ADissociation from M6P receptor and a phosphate to form mature hydrolase
- BDissociation from M6P receptor only
- CDissociation from a phosphate to form mature hydrolase
- DCleavage of the lysosomal protein into two products
36M6P receptors used in lysosomal proteins are targeted back to the Golgi.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
37Fill in the blanks below to describe how proteins are targeted to the lysosomes.
1. Lysosomal proteins are tagged with [blank_start]mannose-6-phosphate[blank_end] in the [blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end].
2. This complex binds to [blank_start]mannose-6-phosphate[blank_end] receptors and is packaged into [blank_start]vesicles[blank_end].
3. [blank_start]Vesicles[blank_end] bud off the [blank_start]trans[blank_end] face of the Golgi apparatus and travel to the early [blank_start]endosome[blank_end] with which they fuse.
4. [blank_start]ATP synthase[blank_end] continuously pumps [blank_start]H+[blank_end] ions into the enzyme, reducing the [blank_start]pH[blank_end].
5. The low [blank_start]pH[blank_end] causes the [blank_start]receptor[blank_end] to be dissociated from the complex as well as [blank_start]dephosphorylation[blank_end] to form a mature hydrolase protein.
6. The receptors are recycled back to the [blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end] via transport [blank_start]vesicles[blank_end].- Amannose-6-phosphate
- BGolgi apparatus
- Cmannose-6-phosphate
- Dvesicles
- Etrans
- FVesicles
- Gendosome
- HATP synthase
- IH+
- JpH
- KpH
- Lreceptor
- Mdephosphorylation
- Nvesicles
- OGolgi apparatus
38What disease is caused by a mutation in the enzyme that phosphorylates mannose?
- AInclusion-cell disease
- BHartnup disease
- CWernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
- DCystic fibrosis
39In [blank_start]inclusion-cell[blank_end] disease, the enzyme that phosphorylates [blank_start]mannose[blank_end] is mutated. This means that lysosomal proteins aren't tagged with [blank_start]mannose-6-phosphate[blank_end] so are not targeted to the [blank_start]lysosomes[blank_end]. The [blank_start]lysosomes[blank_end] therefore lose their function and [blank_start]waste[blank_end] accumulates within the cells. This causes developmental defects and often death before the age of 10 due to heart failure/pneumonia.
- Ainclusion-cell
- Bmannose
- Cmannose-6-phosphate
- Dlysosomes
- Elysosomes
- Fwaste
Información
- Descripción
- Cell Biology and Signalling Test sobre Protein Targeting, creado por Charlotte Jakes el 04/01/2020.
- Autor
- Charlotte Jakes
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 694
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test