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Earth science test review
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Preguntas del test (29)
1
The main difference between weather and climate is that ________.
- Aweather is the regional pattern based on latitude and humidity while climate is the daily pattern based on season.
- Bclimate is the regional pattern based on latitude and humidity while weather is the daily pattern based on season
- Cweather is the daily variations that actually occur at a location and climate is the general pattern of weather over time
- Dclimate is the daily variations that actually occur at a location and weather is the general pattern of climate over time
- Eclimate is a political opinion while weather is reality
2
Solar rays will strike the Tropic of Capricorn at an angle of 90 degrees on ________.
- ASeptember 21
- BJune 21
- CMarch 21
- DDecember 21
3 What causes seasons?
- Aseasonal changes in the angle of the sun above the horizon
- Bdifferences in the amount of daylight
- Cthe elliptical orbit of the earth
- Dthe changing tilt angle of the earth
4The differences in summer and winter temperatures are greatest for locations ________.
- AThe location does not affect the range of temperatures.
- Bnear 60 degrees north or south latitude
- Cnear the Poles
- Dnear the tropic of Cancer or Capricorn
- Enear the equator
5 The north end of Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees toward the Sun on ________.
- ASeptember 21 or 22
- BMarch 21 or 22
- CDecember 21 or 22
- DJune 21 or 22
6The greenhouse effect is caused by…
- AGreenhouse gases in the lower atmosphere absorbing radiation from the Earth's surface, and preventing much of it escaping into space
- BGreenhouse gases in the lower atmosphere absorbing solar radiation
- CToo much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- DToo much heat in the atmosphere
7
Which of these natural events affect the climate?
- AThe path of the Earth around the sun
- BThawing permafrost
- CVolcanic eruptions
- DAll
8Which of these greenhouse gases is most abundant in the atmosphere?
- ANitrous oxide
- BCarbon dioxide
- CMethane
- DWater vapor
9What greenhouse gas was NOT present in the atmosphere in pre-industrial times (before 1750)?
- ANitrous oxide
- BMethane
- CCarbon dioxide
- DTrichlorofluoromethane
10
Which of the following changes in climate has NOT already occurred?
- AA decrease in the sea ice around Antarctica
- BFewer cold days and frosts, and more frequent heatwaves over the last 50 years
- C0.17m rise in sea level during the 20th century
- D0.74°C increase in average global temperature over the last century
11Which of these countries has the highest per capita (per person) carbon dioxide emissions?
- AAustralia
- BSaudi Arabia
- CUnited States
- DChina
12Which of the following activities contributes the most to carbon emissions globally?
- AForestry
- BEnergy supply
- CTransport
- DAgriculture
13
On average, what percentage of the Earth's atmosphere by volume consists of carbon dioxide?
- AAbout 0.004 percent
- Babout 4 percent
- CAbout 0.04 percent
- DAbout 0.4 percent
14According to global surface temperature data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, how many of the top 10 hottest years on record have occurred in the past 10 years.
- Anine
- Bzero
- Cfive
- Done
15
What region of the world will likely warm most rapidly due to climate change?
- AThe tropics
- BAntarctica
- CThe Arctic
- DAustralia and the South Pacific
16Which of the following best explains the effect of greenhouse gases on Earth’s atmosphere?
- Aproduce more carbon dioxide which generates more plant growth.
- Babsorb some of the incoming radiation from the Sun.
- Cabsorb some of the energy Earth radiates out into space
- Dact as a shield that reflects some of the incoming radiation from the Sun
17Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?
- Anitrogen (N2)
- Bcarbon dioxide (CO2)
- Cwater (H2O)
- Dnitrogen oxide (N2O)
18There are several long-term changes in Earth’s orbit that affect how heat from the Sun is distributed over the planet. Which of the following describes how the orbit changes from being elliptical to more circular?
- Aeccentricity
- Baxial tilt
- Csolar obliqueness
- Dprecession
19 Ice core data have revealed which of the following?
- Acurrent carbon dioxide concentrations are far outside of Earth’s recent operating range.
- BEarth’s climate has been remarkably stable for the past 10,000 years
- CEarth’s climate shows a history of abrupt and rapid changes in temperature
- Dall of the answers listed here.
20Which of the following statements with respect to Earth’s climate is NOT true?
- Aatmospheric carbon dioxide levels are currently well within Earth’s recent operating range
- Bpast climate changes have caused societies to collapse
- Cvariation in energy output from the Sun is too small to explain current warming
- DEarth is currently in a strong warming trend
21One important consequence of global warming is that Earth’s climatic zones are expected to shift. Which of the following would affect large parts of Earth’s population as winters arrive later and end earlier?
- Aincreased flooding during the winter months
- Bcolder winters
- Cless sunlight during the agricultural growing season
- Dless melt water to sustain streams during the summer months
- Eshortening of the agricultural growing season
22 Ocean acidification is taking place as the oceans absorb some of the additional carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. What is the basic environmental problem that this creates?
- Amore difficult for marine organisms to secret their own protective shells.
- Bcauses the oceans to become even more saline, thereby reducing ocean circulation
- Cincreases the rate of evaporation of seawater
- Dmakes it unsafe for humans to go swimming in the ocean
23 Seasonal variations in CO2 recorded at Mauna Loa Observatory are related to ________.
- Ahumidity
- Btemperature
- Cstorms
- Dvegetation
24 Climate-feedback mechanisms ________
- Ahave nothing to do with climate models
- Bdisagree with climate models
- Ccomplicate climate models
- Dsupport climate models
25 The magnitude of a temperature increase due to greenhouse warming will probably be smallest in the ________.
- Asubtropics
- Btropics
- Clower middle-latitudes
- Dpolar regions
- Ehigher middle-latitudes
26Approximately how much of the Earth's water supply is saline?
- A20%
- B100%
- C98%
- D43%
27The main process that links water in the atmosphere with water on the Earth's surface is
- Ainfiltration
- Bevaporation
- Ctranspiration
- Dcondensation
28The water table is ________.
- Aa boundary between unsaturated bedrock below and saturated bedrock above
- Ba boundary between saturated rock below and unsaturated rock above
- Ca boundary between unsaturated bedrock and an underground river
- Dan underground mass of partly saturated rock
29 Permeable rock strata or sediment that transmit groundwater freely are called ________.
- Aaquitards
- Baquifers
- Csprings
- Dperched water tables
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