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Neurocognitive Disorders Test A

Eunho Lee 25 preguntas

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1The essential feature of the DSM-5 diagnosis of delirium is a disturbance in attention/awareness and in cognition that develops over a short period of time, represents a change from baseline, and tends to fluctuate in severity during the
course of a day. Which of the following additional conditions must apply?
1. AThere must be laboratory evidence of an evolving dementia.
2. BThe disturbance must be associated with a disruption of the sleep-wake cycle.
3. CThe disturbance must not occur in the context of a severely reduced level of arousal, such as coma.
4. DThe disturbance must be a direct physiological consequence of a substance use disorder.
5. EThe disturbance must not be superimposed on a preexisting neurocognitive disorder.
2A 79-year-old woman with a history of depression is being evaluated at a nursing home for a suspected urinary tract infection. She is easily distracted, perseverates on answers to questions, asks the same question repeatedly, is unable
to focus, and cannot answer questions regarding orientation. The mental status changes evolved over a single day. Her family reports that they thought she “wasn’t herself” when they saw her the previous evening, but the nursing report
this morning indicates that the patient was cordial and appropriate. What is the most likely diagnosis?
1. AMajor depressive disorder, recurrent episode.
2. BDepressive disorder due to another medical condition.
3. CDelirium.
4. DMajor depressive disorder, with anxious distress.
5. EObsessive-compulsive disorder.
3Which of the following is not a diagnostic criterion, feature, or marker of major or mild neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies (NCDLB)?
1. AConcurrent symptoms of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder.
2. BHigh striatal dopamine transporter uptake in basal ganglia demonstrated by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
3. CLow striatal dopamine transporter uptake in basal ganglia demonstrated by SPECT or PET imaging.
4. DSevere neuroleptic sensitivity.
5. EInsidious onset and gradual progression.
4The diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive disorder (NCD) due to HIV infection include fulfillment of criteria for major or mild NCD and documented infection with human immunodeficiency virus (as confirmed by established laboratory
methods). Which of the following is a prominent feature of NCD due to HIV infection?
1. AImpairment in executive functioning.
2. BConspicuous aphasia.
3. CSignificant delusions and hallucinations at onset of the disorder.
4. DMarked difficulty with recall of learned information.
5. ERapid progression to profound neurocognitive impairment.
5Which of the following features characterizes alcohol-induced major or mild neurocognitive disorder, amnestic-confabulatory type?
1. AAmnesia for new information and confabulation.
2. BSeizures.
3. CAmnesia for previously learned information and downward gaze paralysis.
4. DAphasia.
5. EAnosognosia and apraxia.
6Depression, irritability, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and apathy are frequently associated with Huntington’s disease and often precede the onset of motor symptoms. Psychosis more rarely precedes the onset of motor symptoms. Which of the following is a core feature of major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to Huntington’s disease?
1. AProgressive cognitive impairment with early changes in executive function.
2. BProminent early memory impairment, mostly affecting short-term memory.
3. CPsychosis in the early stages, with marked olfactory hallucinations.
4. DVoluntary jerking movements.
5. EDiminished hearing and smell.
7Major or mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) due to prion disease encompasses NCDs associated with a group of subacute spongiform encephalopathies caused by transmissible agents known as prions. What is the most common prion disease?
1. ACreutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
2. BWernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
3. CBovine spongiform encephalopathy.
4. DHuntington’s disease.
5. ENeurosyphilis.
8Major and mild neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) exist on a spectrum of cognitive and functional impairment. Which of the following constitutes an important threshold differentiating the two diagnoses?
1. AWhether or not the individual is concerned about the decline in cognitive function.
2. BWhether or not there is impairment in cognitive performance as measured by standardized testing or clinical assessment.
3. CWhether or not the cognitive impairment is sufficient to interfere with independent completion of activities of daily living.
4. DWhether or not the cognitive deficits occur exclusively in the context of a delirium.
5. EWhether or not the cognitive deficits are better explained by another mental disorder.
9A 68-year-old semiretired cardiologist with responsibility for electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation at his community hospital is referred by the hospital’s Employee Assistance Program for clinical evaluation because of concerns
expressed by other clinicians that he has been making many mistakes in his ECG interpretations over the past few months. The patient discloses symptoms of persistent sadness since the death of his wife 6 months prior to the evaluation, with frequent thoughts of death, trouble sleeping, and escalating usage of sedative-hypnotics and alcohol. He has some trouble concentrating, but he has been able to maintain his household, pay his bills, shop, and prepare meals by
himself without difficulty. He scores 28/30 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Which of the following would be the primary consideration in the differential diagnosis?
1. AMajor neurocognitive disorder (NCD).
2. BMild NCD.
3. CAdjustment disorder.
4. DMajor depressive disorder.
5. ENo diagnosis.
10In a patient with mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD), which of the following would distinguish probable from possible Alzheimer’s disease?
1. AEvidence of a causative Alzheimer’s disease genetic mutation from either genetic testing or family history.
2. BClear evidence of decline in memory and learning.
3. CSteadily progressive, gradual decline in cognition, without extended plateaus.
4. DNo evidence of mixed etiology.
5. EOnset after age 80.

11The only way that mild NCD due to probable Alzheimer’s disease can be diagnosed is if there is evidence of a causative Alzheimer’s disease genetic mutation from either genetic testing or family history. Mild NCD due to possible Alzheimer’s disease is diagnosed on the basis of the presence of all of the clinical criteria described in options B–D above. Age at onset is not a diagnostic criterion.
1. AMajor or mild NCD due to Alzheimer’s disease.
2. BMajor or mild NCD with Lewy bodies.
3. CMajor or mild vascular NCD.
4. DBehavioral-variant major or mild frontotemporal NCD.
5. ELanguage-variant major or mild frontotemporal NCD.
12A previously healthy 67-year-old man, who is experiencing an acute change in mental status, is brought to the emergency department by his family. There is no evidence in the initial history, physical examination, and laboratory studies to indicate substance intoxication or withdrawal, or to suggest another medical problem as the cause of his altered mental state. Over the course of 1 hour of observation, his level of alertness varies from alert but distractible, with apparent
auditory and visual hallucinations, to somnolent; he has difficulty sustaining attention to an examiner, and he cannot perform simple tasks such as serial subtractions or spelling words backwards. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
1. ADelirium.
2. BDelirium due to another medical condition.
3. CDelirium due to substance intoxication.
4. DDelirium due to multiple etiologies.
5. EUnspecified delirium.
13Which of the following symptoms is not likely to be observed in a patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease?
1. Amemory impairment
2. Baggressive behavior
3. Ca language impairment
4. Dpersonality change
5. Eexecutive dysfunction
14The initial symptoms of a specific type of dementias (to which Pick's disease belongs) include language impairment and personality changes, rather than memory problems. Which type of dementia is described here?
1. Afrontal dementias
2. Bfronto-temporal dementias
3. Ccortical dementias
4. Dfronto-parietal dementias
5. EParkinson's disease
15Which of the following is NOT likely to be observed in patients suffering from Huntington's disease?
1. Adisturbed executive functioning
2. Bimpaired spatial processing
3. Cdepression
4. Da highly elevated concentration of cholinergic and GABAergic neurons
5. Edecreased speed of information processing
16다음 보기 중에서 치매임상평가척도(Clinical Dementia Rating, CDR)에서 평가하는 영역에 해당하는 것을 모두 고르시오.
1. A기억력
2. B지남력
3. C위생과 몸치장
4. D주의집중능력
5. E사회활동
17치매임상평가척도(Clinical Dementia Rating, CDR)에 대한 설명 중 틀린 것을 고르시오.
1. ACDR은 구조화된 면담형식으로 이루어져 있다.
2. B치매가 아닌 신체적 또는 정신과적 문제로 인한 기능장애는 CDR에서 평가하는 기능장애에 포함하지 않는다.
3. C전반적 CDR 단계를 결정할 때, 가장 중요한 영역은 <기억력>이다.
4. DCDR 시행에 필요한 시간은 대략 40여분이다.
5. ECDR 1은 경도의 치매에 해당한다.
18보호자는 K씨의 문제해결능력이 전반적으로 이전에 비하여 매우 좋지 않다고 진술하였다. 세부적으로는, 간단한 돈 계산이나 돈관리, 간단한 업무처리에 심한 장애를 나타내고 있으며, 위급한 일에 대처하는 능력도 현저히 저하되어 있었다. 사회생활이나 대인관계에서도 적절히 행동하는 것이 매우 어렵다고 한다. 그러나 상황이나 설명에 대해 이해하는 것의 어려움은 상대적으로 경미하였으며, 단순한 계산은 가능하였다. K씨의 판단력 및 문제해결능력에 대한 CDR 등급으로 적절한 것은?
1. ACDR 1
2. BCDR 2
3. CCDR 3
4. DCDR 4
5. ECDR 0.5
19전반적퇴화척도(Global Deterioration Scale, GDS)에 대한 설명 중 틀린 것을 고르시오.
1. A치료의 경과나 예후를 평가하는데 유용하다.
2. B적용에 있어 간편하고 소요시간이 짧다.
3. C환자의 교육 수준에 영향을 받는다.
4. DGDS 6단계는 CDR 2단계와 유사하다.
5. E혈관성 치매 환자를 대상으로 사용할 수 있다.
20MMSE에 대한 다음의 설명 중 틀린 것을 고르시오.
1. A전 세게적으로 가장 널리 사용되는 치매 선별검사이다.
2. B중등도 혹은 심한 수준의 치매를 탐지하는 데에 신뢰도와 타당도가 부족하다.
3. C치매를 확진하거나 치매의 유형을 구별할 수는 없다.
4. D반복적인 측정으로 인지기능의 변화를 관찰할 수 있다.
5. E실시에 필요한 소요시간은 대략 10분 이하이다.
21한국형 간이정신상태검사(K-MMSE)는 총 30문항으로 이루어져 있다.
1. AVerdadero
2. BFalso
22MMSE의 수행성적은 연령과 교육 수준에 크게 영향받지 않는다.
1. AVerdadero
2. BFalso
23강연욱 등(1997)이 국내 치매환자들을 대상으로 수행한 연구결과에 따르면 알츠하이머형 치매 환자들은 혈관성 치매 환자들에 비해 지남력과 기억회상 과제에서 더 낮은 점수를 받았다.
1. AVerdadero
2. BFalso
24IADL에 대한 다음 설명 중 틀린 것을 고르시오.
1. AIADL의 수행 정도는 성별에 영향을 어느 정도 받는다.
2. BIADL은 치매 환자의 인지기능 변화와 밀접한 관련이 있다.
3. CIADL은 환자의 가족 뿐만 아니라 간병인(보호자)과의 면담을 통하여 실시할 수 있다.
4. DIADL은 최근 6개월 간 환자의 상태를 고려햐여 응답한다.
5. EIADL은 초기치매뿐만 아니라 말기치매까지도 치매의 진행 정도를 평가하는 데 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.
25NPI를 통한 평가는 보호자의 주관적 요소가 많이 개입되어 실제 환자가 경험하는 증상의 심각도나 고통 정도를 정확하게 반영한다고 볼 수는 없다.
1. AVerdadero
2. BFalso

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Descripción: Professional (Neurocognitive Disorders) Clinical Neuropsychology Test sobre Neurocognitive Disorders Test A, creado por Eunho Lee el 17/01/2016.
Autor: Eunho Lee
Idioma: English
Visitas: 511
Etiquetas: dementia derilium cognitive disorders neuropsychology clinical neuropsychology neurocognitive disorders professional
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Neurocognitive Disorders Test A

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