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Chapter 9 Review
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Preguntas del test (67)
1Piaget described human thought in terms of two basic concepts:
- ALogic and reason
- BLogic and emotion
- CAdaptation and affordances
- DAssimilation and accommodation
2A two-year-old child’s family has a pet dog. The child visits the neighbor’s house and sees their pet dog. Even though the neighbor’s dog is larger and a different color the child points to it and says “dog.” Which of Piaget’s processes does this demonstrate?
- AAdaptation
- BAccomodation
- CAssimlation
- DAcclamation
3Piaget interpreted an infant’s tendency to explore new objects through sucking as an instance of
- AAdaptation
- BAssimilation
- CAccomondation
- DOral exploration
4Toy manufacturers need to be careful that toys and parts of toys are too large for children to put into their mouths. Piaget would interpret this as
- AAn understanding of children's tendency to assimilate
- BUnnecessary intrusion in developmental process
- CUnderstanding of egocentricity of young children
- DUnderstanding of a children's lack of object performance
5Piaget’s term for a pattern of action or a mental structure that is involved in acquiring or organizing knowledge is a(n)
- AInvariance
- BHeirarchy
- CSchema
- DAdaptation
6After having several birthday parties at home, a six-year old develops a _____ for this type of an experience, so they will know what to expect if they go to someone else’s birthday party.
- APattern
- BPlan
- CHabit
- DSchema
7A two-year-old child’s family has a pet cat. When they visit the zoo, the child sees a lion and calls it a cat. To modify the child’s misunderstanding, what process must occur according to Piaget?
- AAccomodation
- BAcclamation
- CAssimilation
- DAdaptation
8Piaget’s term for the creation of new ways of responding to objects is
- AAssimilation
- BSchemata
- CAccomodation
- DInvariance
9People expect whales to be fish because they live in the sea. The recognition that whales are mammals requires a(n) __________ of existing schemas.
- AAssimilation
- BAccomodation
- CLearning
- DFormalizing
10Jean Piaget hypothesized that cognitive development progressed
- AAs a slow lifetime process
- BAs a result of heredity
- CAs a quantitative change process
- DAs an orderly sequence
11Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are, in order of increasing age:
- Asensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.
- Bsensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational, preoperational.
- Cpreoperational, operational, post operational, formal operational.
- Dassimilation, adaptation, accommodation.
12During the sensorimotor stage, behavior becomes increasingly
- ACognitive
- BAutomatic
- CDisorganized
- DPurposeful
13How does Piaget interpret the four- to eight-month-old’s interest in kicking a hanging toy and causing it to bounce?
- AAssimilation to sucking reflexes
- BAssociation based on memory
- CFunction of visual perception
- DActive exploration of cause-effect relationships
14A four-month-old infant is playing with keys. You place a magazine on top of the keys. The infant does not search for them. What does this demonstrate a lack of?
- AObject permanence
- BAccomodation
- CEgocentrism
- DConservation
15Prior to the age of six months, you could take a toy away from your infant and the baby would not protest. What Piagetian concept explains this observation?
- AObject permanence
- BAssimilation
- CConcrete operations
- DAccommodation
16You find that your infant takes great pleasure in the game of peek-a-boo. What Piagetian concept explains this observation?
- AObject permanence
- BDeferred imitation
- CAssimilation
- DPreoperations
17The acquisition of the basics of language at about age two allows the child to use words and symbols to represent objects. This begins the
- ACognitive stage process
- BPreoperational stage
- CLanguage operational stage
- DConcrete operational stage
18A three-year-old child who doesn’t understand that five single dollar bills are equal to a five-dollar bill is in Piaget’s _______ stage.
- ASensorimotor
- BPreoperational
- CConcrete operational
- DFormal operational
19A five-year-old is speaking on the telephone to his/her grandparent. The child holds up the picture they were describing and says to the grandparent “See.” According to Piaget, this demonstrates _____.
- AEgocentrism
- BObject performance
- CAnimism
- DArtificialism
20You are playing hide-and-seek with your preoperational child. You count to 10 while he/she hides. You find your child sitting in the middle of the room with his/her eyes closed. The child believes because he/she cannot see you, then you cannot see him/her. What does this demonstrate?
- Aintellectual impairment
- Bdecentration
- Cobject permanence
- Degocentrism
21Preoperational children attribute life to physical objects like the sun and the moon. What does this demonstrate?
- AArtificialism
- BAnimism
- CEgocentrism
- DConservation
22Preoperational children attribute life to physical objects like the sun and the moon. What does this demonstrate?
- AAnimism
- BEgocentrism
- CArtificialism
- DConservation
23You show a child two tall and thin glasses filled with equal amounts of water. You pour the water from one glass into a short, wide glass and tell the child to take the glass with the most water in it. You are observing the child’s capacity to
a. reason deductively. c. center on one aspect of the situation.- AReason deudctively
- BConserve
- CCenter on one aspect of the situation
- DAbstract
24The preoperational child judges only the consequences of an action and cannot center on both consequences and intention. Piaget describes this as
- AImmoral
- BObjective responbility
- CInjustive
- DSubjective moral judgement
25Concrete operational children are capable of __________; they can center on two dimensions of a problem at once.
- AFormal opreations
- BVisual motor integration
- CCause-effect reasoning
- DDecentration
26Concrete operational children become __________ in their moral judgments. When assigning guilt, they center on the intentions of the wrongdoer
- AObjective
- BRational
- CSubjective
- DPredictable
27One child breaks 15 dishes accidentally, and another child breaks one dish while attempting to steal money from the family change jar. Using the moral judgment of a concrete operational child, whose deed is naughtier?
- AChild who broke the most dishes
- BChild who broke the dishes while stealing
- CChild who broke dishes accidentally
- DChild who broke dishes deliberately
28Concrete operational children understand the law of __________; that is, they understand that the basic properties of substances such as weight and volume stay the same when you change superficial properties such as their shape or arrangement.
- AConservation
- BEffect
- CFormal operations
- DSymbolic reasoning
29Awareness of the concept of decentration supports conservation because it allows children to
- AConsider intentions
- BCenter on two dimensions rather than one
- CFigure out what they're supposed to do
- DChange their minds
30Piaget’s concept for the concrete operational child’s capacity to understand that many processes can be undone, reversed, and restored to their previous condition is
- AIntentionality
- BReversibility
- CDecentration
- DInduction
31When you arrange two rows of five pennies each and place them a half-inch apart in the first row while separating the other row of five pennies by three inches, the preoperational child will say that the second row has more pennies. However, the concrete operational child has the capacity to __________ numbers and will not make this same error.
- AAdd
- BSubtract
- CSymbolize
- DConserve
32Because concrete operational children are less egocentric, they can increasingly
- ATake objective responsbility
- BTake perspective of another
- CTake conservative positions
- DReason artificially
33Conservation, decentration, reversibility, and subjective responsibility are generally achieved at about __________ years.
- A1-2
- B3-5
- C7-10
- D12-15
34Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget’s theory?
- APiaget underestimated the ages at which children developed cognitively.
- BEgocentrism and conservation develop more continuously—they may not occur in stages.
- CPiaget overestimated the cognitive abilities of infants.
- DBoth a and b
35Support for Piaget’s theory has been found in his view that
- Apreschoolers are egocentric and lack conservation.
- Bcognitive development progresses discontinuously.
- Ccognitive development occurs in a particular sequence.
- Dall of these.
36Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is a(n) __________ theory.
- AInformation-processing
- BMetamemory
- CStage
- DUntested
37What method of study did Kohlberg use?
- AConventional
- BPost conventional
- CNonconventional
- DPreconventional
38A child who cleans up their room to avoid losing a privilege is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory.
- AConventional
- BPost conventional
- CNonconventional
- DPreconventional
39Children at the __________ level of moral reasoning base their judgments on the consequences of behavior.
- APreconventional
- BConventional
- CPostconventional
- DMetaconventional
40An adult who chooses not to park in a handicap space because they want to avoid a ticket and fine, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory.
- ANonconventional
- BPost convention
- CPreconventional
- DConventional
41A third grader who decides not to cheat on a test because if caught their parents would be displeased with them, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory
- APostconvetional
- BNonconventional
- CPreconventional
- DConventional
42A third grader who decides not to cheat on a test because if caught their parents would be displeased with them, is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg’s theory
- AMetamoral
- BGood-boy/good-girl
- CPunishment
- DLaw and order
43If a person reasIf a person reasons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstratesons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstrates
- APreconventional reasoning
- BPostconventional reasoning
- CStage one reasoning
- DConventional reasoning
44If a person reasons that Heinz could solve his moral dilemma by obeying the law, even at the cost of his wife’s life, then that person demonstrates
- AMoral reasoning follows a developmental sequence
- BMost people reach the post conventional level
- CThere are no prerequisites for the post conventional level
- DSome people may skip stages
45Research demonstrates that _______ is a prerequisite for postconventional reasoning
- AFormal operational thinking
- BConcrete operational thinking
- CPreoperational thinking
- DNone of these
46Inconsistencies in Kohlberg’s theory have been found with the fact that
- AMoral reasoning follows a developmental seqeuence
- BMost people reach the post conventional level
- CPiaget's formal operations are a prerequisite for post conventional reasoning
- DChildren who are exposed to examples of moral reasoning above their own stage will follow along
47described the psychosocial stages of development.
- AJean piaget
- BErik erikson
- CSigmund freud
- DLawrence kohlberg
48According to Erikson, the infant-parent relationship can affect issues associated with _____ during the first year of life.
- AGuilt
- BTrust
- CAutonomy
- DIdentity
49Erik Erikson described an early stage of psychosocial development during which we depend on primary caretakers. This relationship determines the emergence of
- AAttachment
- BAutonomy
- CTrust versus mistrust
- DAttachment versus autonomy
50According to Erikson, a toddler who is given opportunities to explore and manipulate things in their environment and who is encouraged to investigate will gain a sense of
- ATrust
- BAutonomy
- CSuperirity
- DInferiority
51The four childhood goals of social development, according to Erikson, are:
- ATrust, identity, intimacy, industry
- BAutonomy, initiative, integrity, trust
- CTrust, autonomy, initiative, indsutry
- DTrust, generativity, identity, industry
52Authoritative parents are both strict and
- AEasygoing with children
- BRejecting
- CPoor communicators
- DRespectful toward children
53Which parenting style is most likely to have strict guidelines about what is right and wrong and to expect the child to adhere to those guidelines without question?
- AAuthoritarian
- BPermissive
- CRestrictive
- DAuthoritative
54What do authoritative and authoritarian parents have in common?
- ABoth have strict standards
- BBoth rely on force to gain compliance
- CPredictable and don't rely on communication
- DCan be cold and rejecting
55A child’s father is not very affectionate and demands that the child not speak to an adult unless spoken to, that he/she always put away one toy before taking out another, and that soft drinks be consumed only on special occasions. This child’s father can be described as
- APermissive
- BAuthoritarian
- CAuthoritative
- DStrict
56A child’s mother seldom objects if her child interrupts, and she seldom requires that her child take responsibility for cleaning his/her room or completing homework. This mother’s parenting style would be considered
- APermissive
- BAuthoritarian
- CFlexible
- DAuthoritative
57Permissive parents are poor at communicating but...
- AAre warm and supportive
- BRely on force
- CWilling to reason with their children
- DTemper their strictness
58What do permissive and authoritarian parents have in common?
- ABoth indifferent
- BBoth poor communicators
- CBoth easygoing
- DBoth strict
59_____________ parents show little encouragement or warmth toward their children and tend to leave them on their own.
- AUninvolved
- BAuthoritarian
- CAuthoritative
- DPermissive
60The most competent children tend to have
- AInvolved parents
- BAuthoritarian families
- CAuthoritative parents
- DPermissive learning styles
61116. During a parent-teacher conference, a father says, “My child will do what I say because I say so, no ifs, ands, or buts!” The child of this parent has academic and social problems. The parent’s statement demonstrates
- APermissive
- BAuthoritative
- CAuthoritarian
- DUninvolved
62Children of uninvolved parents tend to have _______________than children whose parents are more involved.
- APoorer academic achivement
- BHigh rates of deliquency
- CGreater social competence
- DPoorer academic performance and higher delinquency rates
63Baumrind’s study of parenting styles connects
- Aauthoritative parenting with mature and competent children.
- Bpermissive parenting with indifferent parents.
- Cauthoritarian parenting with instrumental competence.
- Dpermissive parenting with creativity.
64According to Piaget, cognitive maturity is
- ANever achieved
- BRepresented by formal operations
- CTaking objective responsbility
- Dconventional moral judgment.
65Children who recognize that all the ideals they have been taught are not always indicative of the way people act in reality, are experiencing Piaget’s _____ stage of cognitive development.
- AFormal operational
- BPreoperational
- CConcrete operational
- DAbstract reasoning
66Formal operational children derive rules for action based on
- AGeneral principles
- BPhysical properties of objects
- CConcrete Observations
- DLearning by doing
67Kohlberg’s level of moral reasoning that may arise during adolescence is the
- APreconventional level
- BPostconrete level
- CConcrete level
- DPostconventional
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Chapter 9 Review, creado por Zachariah Atteberry el 21/01/2017.
- Autor
- Zachariah Atteberry
- Idioma
- English
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