The Solid State: Properties, Forces and Classification

CHAPTER 1 : THE SOLID STATE

• PROPERTIES OD SOLIDS DEPEND UPON : nature of constituent particles and the binding forces operating between them.
• 2. CORRELATION BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES:
• it helps in discovering new solid materials with desired properties like-
• high temperature superconductors
• magnetic materials
• biodegradable polymers for packaging
• biocompliant solids for surgical implants
• 3. FLUIDS : liquids and gases are called so because of their ability to flow. the property of fluidity is because of their molecules are free to move about.

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• INTERMOLECULAR FORCES : the force of attraction or force of repulsion acting between molecules or atoms or ions.
• INTERMOLECULAR DISTANCE: the distance between two molecules.
• 3. CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF SOLID STATE:
• solids have definite mass, volume and shape.
• intermolecular distances are short.
• intermolecular forces are strong.
• their constituent particles (atoms,ions,molecules) have fixed position and can only oscillate about their mean position.
• they are incompressible and rigid.

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• CLASSIFICATION OF SOLIDS ON THE BASIS OF THE NATURE OF ORDER PRESENT IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THEIR CONSTITUENT PARTICLES:
• ​​​​​​CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
• AMORPHOUS SOLIDS

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