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Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport
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- 1Simple VS Facilitated Diffusion-Simple - the molecules move directly through the phospholipid bi-layer
Facilitated - Molecules pass through transport proteins (large carrier, channel protein) - 2Factors which alter the rate of diffusion- SA ( ↑ = ↑ R of Diffusion)
-Concentration Gradient (↑=↑ rate of diffusion)
-Thickness (↓ = ↓distance and ∴ ↑ r of diffusion)
-Temperature (↑ = ↑Kinetic energy= ↑ r of diffusion)
- Size of molecules (↓ size =↑ r of diffusion) - 3What is Ficks Law?(Surface Area x Conc GRadient) / Thickness
- 4Definition of Osmosis?Movement of water from a high water potential to an area of low water potential through a particle permeable membrane
- 5What liquid has the highest water potential?Distilled / pure water (0kPa)
- 6What happens if you surround an animal cell with pure water?Swells and burst ( water enters by osmosis)
- 7Why doesn't a plant cell burst when surrounded by pure water?Cell wall prevents it from bursting
-made of cellulose and it is turgid - 8ADD Qs on Opposite to previous 2 q'sd
- 9kvkvd
- 10Define Active TransportMovement of Molecules from area of low conc to high con using ATP and carrier proteins
-Against conc gradient - 11Process of Active transport- molecules (in area of low concentration) bind to carrier protein
-ATP breaksdown to ADP, Pi and Energy
- the Pi and Energy cause the carrier protein to change shape
- carrier protein releases molecules on opposite side (in area of high concentration)
- the carrier protein releases the attached Pi to return to its original shape - 12Adaptation of Small Intestine-folded to form Villus (large surface area)
-cells lining SI have Microvilli (large surface area)
-wall of SI is thin (short diffusion distance) -rich blood supply (maintains concentration gradient)
-cells lining SI have transport proteins and mitochondria - 13What is the process of Active Transport of Glucose in the Small Intestine- sodium ions are actively transported from the cells lining the SI into the blood
- lowers the sodium ion concentration in the cell
-therefore sodium ions move from the lumen of the SI into the cell
-this pulls in glucose via a cotransport protein
-therefore glucose builds up in the cell and moves into the blood by diffusion
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- A level Biology Fichas sobre Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport , creado por Charlotte Willis el 02/01/2018.
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- Charlotte Willis
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