Fichas
Pharmacology
Fichas del conjunto (59)
- 1Alpha 1 receptor (Effects)Vasoconstriction
Mydriasis - 2Alpha 2 receptor (effects)Vasodilation
Sedation & analgesia - 3Beta 1 receptor (function)+ve ionotropy
Tachycardia - 4Beta 2 receptors (function)Bronchodilation
Vasodilation (musc)
Uterine relaxation - 5Alpha 1 AgonistPhenylephrine
- 6Alpha 1 AntagonistPrasozin
- 7Alpha 2 AgonistXylazine
Detomidine - 8Alpha 2 AntagonistYohimbine
Atipamezole - 9Beta 2 receptor AntagonistPropranolol
- 10Beta 1 receptor AgonistDobutamine
Dopamine - 11Beta 2 Receptor AgonistSalbutamol
Clenbuterol - 12Beta 1 receptor AntagonistAtenelol
Metoprolol - 13Beta 3 Receptor FunctionLipolysis
- 14M1 receptor FuncitonNeural
CNS excitation, Gastric acid secretion, Gut motility - 15M2 Receptor functionCardiac
&
Neural inhibition - 16M3 receptor funcitonGlandular
Secretion, smooth muscle contraction, Vasodilation (NO) - 17M4 receptor functionCNS
Smooth muscle - 18M5 receptor functionsubstantia nigra, Salivary glands, Iris
- 19ACh effectsDecreased blood pressure
Bradychardia
Increased secretion and motility in GI tract
Smooth muscle contraction in bladder, Uterus, bronchioles
Convulsions
Stimulation of autonomic ganglia and adrenal medulla
Skeletal muscle contraction - 20Direct-acting ParasymathomimentsAcetylcholine
Bethanechol (PO)
Pilocarpine (eye)
Carbachol
Muscarine (poisoning) - 21Bethanechol effectsContracts detrusor muscle (bladder paralysis)
[Selectivity for M3 receptors] - 22When do you not use Bethanechol?GI obstruction
- 23Pilocarpine effectsInduces miosis 2-6 hours (iris contraction)
Decreases IOP
(lifts Iris from trabecular meshwork) - 24When do you not use PilocarpineAnterior uveitis
or
Anterior lens luxation - 25Reversible anticholinesterases (Indirect-acting Parasymathomiments)Neostigmine
Edrophonium
Pyridostigmine
Physostigmine
Demecarium
Carbamates - 26Neostigmine 'uses'Reversal of Competitive NMB
Rumen atony
Initiating peristalsis
Emptying the bladder
Myasthenia gravis (usually longer acting pyridostimine) - 27EdrophoniumDiagnose Myasthenia gravis (dogs/cats)
[Shorter acting t/ Neostigmine) - 28When Edrophonium is used to Diagnose a problem; What are the two possible outcomes?Myasthenic crisis
(improved muscle funciton)
Cholinergic crisis
(muscle weakness) - 29Irreversible anticholinesterases [Indirect-acting parasymathomiments]Echthiophate (eye)
Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (eye)
Antiparasitics
Insecticides/Pesticides - 30Echotiophate/DFP (Diisopropyl fluorophosphate) EffectMiosis (12 hours)
Decreased IOP (lifting meshwork) - 31When do you not use Echotiophate /diisopropyl fluorophophate?Anterior uveitis
anterior lens luxation
[same as pilocarpine] - 32Organophosphate toxicity TreatmentAtropine
Pralidoxime - 33Direct-acting parasymathhomiments examplesAtropine
Glycopyrrolate
Scopolamine (hyosine)
Aminopentamide
Oxybutynin
Propantheline
Pirenzepine (M1-gut only)
Ipratropium - 34Atropine effectsDries secretions
Slows gut
Tachycardia
Bronchodilation
Mydriasis
Cycoplegia
Difficulty w/ urination - 35Atropine IndicationsAnesthetic pre-medication
Gut-spasm (not very effective)
Bradycardia
Organophosphate poisoning - 36Atropine ContraindicationsGlaucoma
Tachycardia - 37Atropine Precautions/ConsiderationsHorses-panic (adynamic ileus)
Ruminants- decreased parotid, sticky saliva
Cats- hypersalivation, bitter taste
Rabbits- break it down quickly - 38Glycopyrrolate 'Facts'Muscarinic antagonist
Specific- Heart
Less tachyarrhythmias
Pre-anesthetic: Dogs/Cats
[longer lasting- Atropine, more expensive] - 39ScopolamineMore CNS effects t/ atropine
[Direct-acting parasymathomimentics] - 40N-butylscopolammonium BromideDoes not cross the BBB
-NSAIDs
[Direct-acting parasymathomimetics] - 41AminopentamideGI indications; Vomiting/diarrhea/nausea/visceral spasm
Cats/Dogs - 42Oxybutynin/ PropanthelineRelax the bladder wall
Allows filling
[Direct-acting parasymathomimetics] - 43Examples of; Muscarinic agonists as mydraiticsAtropine
Tropicamide
Homatropine
Cyclopentolate
Scopolamine - 44Treatments for: Heart FailureEpinephrine
B1 agonists - 45Treatments for: Anaphylactic reactionEpinephrine
- 46Treatments for: Airway obstructionClenbuterol
Albuterol
B2 agonists - 47What would you use to slow a heart-rate?B1 blockers
- 48What would you use for vasodilation? (think general)A1 blockers
- 49Alpha 1 selective agonistPhenylephrine
- 50Alpha 2 selective agonist examplesXylazine
Detomidine
Medetomidine
Dexmedetomidine
Romifidine - 51What is special about the A2 agonist Brimonidine?Very little CNS effects
- 52Main use of PhenylephrineHypotension/shock
(Eye Diagnostic) Mydriasis - 53Ractopamine/ZilpaterolNon-selective B agonists
Partitioning agents (weight/feed/leanness) - 54Which species is Ractopamine used in?Pigs, Cattle, Turkeys
[Non-selective B agonists]
(Partitioning) - 55What species is Zilpaterol used in?Cattle
'Partitioning agent'
[Non selective B agonist] - 56Which receptors does Isoxsuprine work on?B2 agonist/ A1 antagonist
- 57What are Albuterol/Clenbuterol used for?Asthma, COPD, Acute bronchitis
Ciliary augmenters - 58Adverse effects of: Albuterol/Clenbuterol-Cardiostimulation, Vasodilation, uterine relaxation
-Nervousness, sweating, muscle tremors
-Receptor down-regulation - 59Direct+Indirect-acting Sympathomimentics ExamplesPhenylpropanolamine
Ephedrine
Pseudoephedrine
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- Justin Veazey
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