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UNIT 4: Genetic Processes 3 &4
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- 1Mendel's Law of Segragation- Mendels first law which states that two alleles for a trait or gene separate during meiosis
- 2Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment- Mendel's second law that states that genes that segregate independently in meiosis do not influence each other's inheritance
- 3Define allele, gene and dominantAllele: alternative version of a gene
Gene: unit of inherited information that carry a code for a specific trait or function
Dominant: allele that determines the trait that a heterozygous individual expresses - 4Define recessive, genotype and phenotypeRecessive: allele that is not expressed in a heterozygous individual
Genotype: genetic makeup or combination of alleles for an individual
Phenotype: an organsims expressed physical, physiological and behavioral traits - 5Define zygote, homozygous and heterozygousZygote: diploid cell that forms when gametes fuse and eventually develops into a distinct individual
Homozygous: having 2 alleles identical to each other
Heterozygous: having 2 alleles that are different from each other - 6Define Genotypic ratio and phenotypic ratioGenotypic Ratio: The expected numbers of different genotypes produced by a particular cross. Example: 1 RR, 2 Rr, and 1 rr individuals could result from a cross of two Rr individuals. The genotypic ration is 1:2:1.
Phenotypic Ratio: The ratio of the offspring determined through their phenotype as predicted from a test cross. - 7Define P Generation, F1 Generation and F2 GenerationP Generation: refers to the traits or genes that are passed on from one parental generation to their offspring
F1 Generation: first filial generation of offspring of distinctly different parental types.
F2 Generation: the generation produced by interbreeding individuals of an F1 generation - 8Allele for tall pea plants is dominant over the allele for short pea plants. If you cross a homozygous tall plant with a short plant what will the genotype and phenotype be?Genotype: Tt (heterozygous, tall)
Phenotype: tall
Genotype F2: 1:2:1 ( 1: TT, 2: Tt, 1: tt)
Phenotype: 2 tall, 1 short
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- UNIT 4: Genetic Processes 3 &4
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- aurora.lawrence · ene 2016
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- 23 ago 2016
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