Flashcards
Pathophysiology III (100 Flash Cards)
Cards in this deck (100)
- 1Pindborg tumorCalcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, COET, Benign, slow-growing, invasive, posterior mandible in adult, "driven-snow" appearance on X-ray
- 2Hutchinson triadCongenital syphilis resulting in triad of eye inflammation,deafness and dental abnormalities such as mulberry. Interstitial keratitis.
- 3Hutchinson teethSyphilis. Sign of congenital syphilis. Babies with this have teeth that are smaller and more widely spaced than normal and which have notches on their biting surfaces.
- 4Lipschutz bodiesHSV-1. Inclusions in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells affected HSV-1
- 5Tzank smearTest for Herpes/Zoster.
Deroofed lesion is scraped and smeared onto a glass slide, fixed and stained. - 6Nikolsky signPhemphigus Vulgaris.
Pressure on normal skin near blister: causes a new blister; Lateral pressure on intact blister spreads blister laterally; Both indicate *intraepidermal blistering* (pemphigus, desmosomal split) vs. *subepidermal blistering* (pemphigoid, hemidesmosome) - 7Tzank cellsPemphigus vulgaris.
- 8Wickham striaeLichen planus. Whitish lines visible in the papules of lichen planus and other dermatoses, typically in the oral mucosa. The macroscopic appearance shows hypergranulosis.
- 9Melkersson-Rosenthal syndromeRare neurological disorder characterized by recurring facial paralysis, swelling of the face and lips (usually the upper lip), and the development of folds and furrows in the tongue.
- 10Beckwith-Weidmann syndrome- Macroglossia (large tongue),
- Macrosomia (above average birth weight and length)
- Midline abdominal wall defects (omphalocele/exomphalos, umbilical hernia, diastasis recti),
- Ear creases or ear pits, and
- Neonatal hypoglycemia (low blood sugar after birth). - 11Urinarydysuria, urgency, frequency, nocturia, hematuria, polyuria, hesitancy, dribbling, loss of stream force, flank or suprapubic pain, incontinence
- 12Genitalmale: hernias, penile discharge/lesions, testicular pain/masses, scrotal swelling/pain, sexual function/interest, impotency, libido
female: dysmenorrhea, PMS symptoms, menopause symptoms, postmenopausal bleeding, vaginal discharge, itching, lesions, birth control, dyspareunia - 13MuscoloskeletalJoint pain/stiffness, restriction of motion, joint swelling or redness, bony deformity, muscle pain
- 14NeurologicChanges in attention or speech, changes in orientation/memory or judgement/insight, vertigo, headache, dizziness, syncope, seizures, muscle weakness, sensation changes, paralysis, involuntary movements, tremors
- 15PsychiatricMood, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation, hallucinations
- 16Very last thing you doSummarize
- 17DermRashes, lumps, sores, itching, dryness, color changes, changes in hair/nail texture, hair growth/loss, mole size or color change
- 18Behcet syndromeImmune-mediated small-vessel systemic vasculitis that often presents with mucous membrane ulceration and ocular problems. Symptoms of recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis.
- 19Steven-Johnson syndromeForm of toxic epidermal necrolysis, is a life-threatening skin condition, in which cell death causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis.
- 20Liesegang ringsPrecipitation rings. seen in CEAT
- 21Peutz-Jedhers syndromePolyposis. AD-inherited. Hamartomatous polyps. Melanin pigmentation. No malignant. Increased risk of adenocarcinoma.
Intraoral pigmentation,
Gene LKB1 (Chr19) mutation ser-tre kinase - 22Rendu-Osler-Weber syndromeHereditary hemangiomas;
Spider-like teleangiectasias
Epistaxis - 23Sturge-Weber syndromeEncephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a rare congenital neurological and skin disorder. Often associated with port-wine stains of the face, glaucoma, seizures, mental retardation, and ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma (cerebral malformations and tumors). It is characterized by abnormal blood vessels on the brain surface. Normally, only one side of the brain is affected.
- 24Wegener granulomatosisGranulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). systemic disorder that involves both granulomatosis and polyangiitis. Oral cavity: strawberry gingivitis, underlying bone destruction with loosening of teeth, non-specific ulcerations throughout oral mucosa
- 25Stafne bone cavitylingual mandibular salivary gland depression, lingual mandibular cortical defect, latent bone cyst, or static bone cyst) is a depression of the mandible on the lingual surface (the side nearest the tongue). The Stafne defect is thought to be a normal anatomical variant, as the depression is created by ectopic salivary gland tissue associated with the submandibular gland and does not represent a pathologic lesion as such.
- 26Warthin tumor20% bilateral. smokers. parotid gland. Usually in the tail.B9 mixed tumor is far more common, rarely multifocal. Benign cystic tumor with abundant lymphocytes and germinal centers (lymph node-like stroma); 2nd most common tumor of the salivary gland
- 27Sjogren syndromeChronic autoimmune disease in which the body's white blood cells destroy the exocrine glands, specifically the salivary and lacrimal glands, that produce saliva and tears, respectively.[2] The immune-mediated attack on the salivary and lacrimal glands leads to the development of xerostomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes), which takes place in association with lymphocytic infiltration of the glands.
- 28Schirmer testDetermines whether the eye produces enough tears to keep it moist. This test is used when a person experiences very dry eyes or excessive watering of the eyes. It poses no risk to the subject. A negative (more than 10 mm of moisture on the filter paper in 5 minutes) test result is norma
- 29Blandin-Nuhn glandsVentral surface of tongue
- 30Albright syndromeForm of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia that is the most severe form. Can have endocrine abnormalities, stunting or deformity of skeletal growth due to the early closer of the epiphyseal plate, cafe au lait spots are seen.
- 31Letterer-Siwe syndromeAcute disseminated Langerhans' cell histiocytosis
- 32Gardner syndromeFAP + osseous + soft tissue tumors* congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium, impacted/supernumerary teeth (2 sets of teeth)
- 33Gorlin-Goltz syndromeNevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), inherited medical condition involving defects within multiple body systems such as the skin, nervous system, eyes, endocrine system, and bones.People with this syndrome are particularly prone to developing a common and usually non-life-threatening form of non-melanoma skin cancers. AD
- 34Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndromeCharacterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (involving multiple bones) and café-au-lait pigmentation of the skin
- 35Bohn nodulesGingival cysts of the newborn.
- 36Epstein pearlPalatine cyst of the newborn
- 37Kaposi sarcomaHHV-8;
Malignant tumor of skin and blood vessels; often associated with AIDS. Dark blue-purple patches form on the skin. - 38Ann Arbor stagingStaging system for lymphomas
- 39Frey syndromeGustatory sweating. Neurological disorder resulting from damage to or near the parotid glands responsible for making saliva, and from damage to the auriculotemporal nerve often from surgery.
The symptoms of Frey's syndrome are redness and sweating on the cheek area adjacent to the ear (see focal hyperhidrosis). They can appear when the affected person eats, sees, dreams, thinks about or talks about certain kinds of food which produce strong salivation. - 40Ramsay Hunt syndromePostherpetic neuralgia, facial paralysis, otalgia
- 41Ludwig anginaCellulitis in sublingual/sumental/submandibular spac
- 42Pierre-Robin syndromeCharacterized by micrognathia, glossoptsis, large tongue in comparison to mandible, cleft palate may be present. Patient presents with choking and gagging, especially during feedings.
- 43Lesion under tongue in midline?Dermoid Cyst.
a. Mass in midline floor of mouth if above mylohyoid
muscle.
b. Mass in upper neck if below mylohyoid muscle. - 44Most common nonodontogenic cyst a. nasopalatine duct cyst b. dermoid c. thyroglossal d. lymphoepithelialNasopalatine duct cyst.
Treatment: excision/enucleation. - 45Nasopalatine Duct cyst Radiographic Features:A circular (round) well demarcated
oval or heart-shaped radiolucency
between and above the MAXILLARY CENTRAL
INCISORS. - 46Examination reveals a soft, fluctuant, tender swelling in the middle of the hard palate. The teeth test vital. Radiographs reveal a radiolucent area projected between the roots of the maxillary central incisors. The cyst that represents the most likely diagnosis is a o Nasopalatinal cyst o Nasiolabial cyst o Pleomorphic adenoma o globulomaxillary cystNasopalatinal cyst
- 47Which one is soft tissue involvement, not bone -Nasolabial Cyst
- 48A patient has a swelling under the upper lip that is by her lateral incisor and raises the ala of the nose from the outside.Nasolabial Cyst
- 49Radiolucency radiating from root of central incisor toward midline, could be all of the below except a) lateral periodontal cyst, b)nasopalatine cyst, c)some sort of fibrous dysplasiaNasolabial cyst
- Because this cyst is extraosseous, it is not likely to be seen on a radiograph. - 50Median palatal cyst arises from remanants of a) nasopalatine duct b)epithelial remanants of line of fusion of palatine shelvesEpithelial remanants of line of fusion of palatine shelves
- 51Rarest non-odontogenic Cyst?Median Palatal Cyst
- 52Rarest odontogenic Cyst?Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- 53TEAR-DROP SHAPE radiolucency (with opaque margins) that occurs 95% of the time between and along the lateral surfaces OF VITAL MANDIBULAR CANINE & PREMOLAR ROOTS. DO NOT PROBE THE AREALateral Periodontal Cyst
- 54MOST COMMON ODONTOGENIC CYSTPeriapical or radicular Cyst
- 55A dental granuloma and a radicular cyst can be differentiated: (1) based on symptoms (2) Radiographically (3) Histologicallyhistologically. Granulomas doesn't have epithelium lining.
- 56MOST COMMON SEQUELAE OF PULPITIS AT THE ROOT APEX. Only distinguished from a radicular cyst histologically.Dental Granuloma
- 57Clinical Features of Dental Granuloma:Asymptomatic, NECROTIC TOOTH,
but may be percussion sensitive. - 58An UNERUPTED or DEVELOPING tooth or dental anomaly (ex: odontoma). Most commonly found with a developing 3rd molar.DENTIGEROUS CYST (FOLLICULAR CYST)
- 59-The 2nd most common odontogenic cyst. -lined by non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium with NO rete-pegs. -found in children & teenagers in mandibular 3rd molar & maxillary canine area -Associated with impacted or unerupted teeth.DENTIGEROUS CYST
- 60Which one can leads to ameloblastoma? -Dentigerous Cyst.
- 61Which cyst is most likely to become neoplastic? a. dentigerous b. residual c. radicularDentigerous Cyst.
- 62A soft-tissue variant of the dentigerous cyst, invariably associated with an erupting tooth. -Clinical Features: usually a smooth-surface lesion that is REDDISH-PINK or BLUISH-PINK-BLACK, fluctuant, localized swelling of the ALVEOLAR RIDGE over the crown of an erupting primary or permanent molar.ERUPTION CYST
- 63Which cyst arises from cystic changes in a developing tooth bud before the formation of enamel and dentin matrix? (1)residual cyst (2)traumatic bone cyst (3)primordial cystPrimordial cyst
- 64- GREAT TENDENCY TO REOCCUR - CANNOT be distinguished radiographicallyOKC (odontogenic keratocyst)
- 65What does multiple OKC tell you?Gorlin syndrome! **also called basal cell nevus
- 66Traumatic Bone Cyst"Scalloped border, patient is asymptomatic
- Associated with Fibrous dysplasia and florid cementoussious - 67Fibrous DysplasiaIs a symptomatic alteration of bone
(SWELLING MASS OF BONE OCCURS). Normal bone is
replaced by fibrous tissue & non-functional bony
trabeculae (teeth may look like they are moving or
displaced due to bone growing tissue). Panorex shows
typical "GROUND-GLASS" BONY APPEARANCE.
MAIN CHARACTERISTIC is you never see the lesion's
borders (it blends with the bone). - 68Albright's Syndrome (McCune-Albright Syndrome)- Unknown cause
-skin pigmentation (irregular brown
spots/skin pigmentation).
-Hallmark sign is FEMALE PREMATURE PUBERTY
-THE MOST SEVERE form of polyostotic
fibrous dysplasia. - 69GARDNER'S SYNDROMEOral Findings: MULTIPLE ODONTOMAS, multiple
impacted & supernumerary teeth (like Cleidocranial
Dysostosis), and multiple jaw osteomas giving a
"COTTON-WOOL" (LIKE PAGET'S DISEASE)
appearance to the jaws by appearing as dense, wellcircumscribed
radiopacities. Refer a patient to gastroenterologyst - 70CENTRAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMAAssociated with Hyperthyroidism
-Occurs almost exclusively in the JAWBONES after TRAUMA.
-Occurs mainly in children or
young adult ages 0-20yrs - 71Most common in ANTERIOR SEGMENT (SYMPHYSIS OF MANDIBLE) of females during 0-20 years of age.CENTRAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA
- 72A patient presents with malocclusion and a unilateral, slowly progressing elongation of her face. This elongation has caused her chin to deviate away from the affected side. The MOST probable diagnosis is which of the following? A. Ankylosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Myofascial pain D. Condylar hyperplasiaCondylar hyperplasia
- 73Condylar hyperplasia - mandible deviates to contalateral site condylar hypoplasia = mandible deviates to same(affected) side T/FTrue
- 74Letterer-Siwe disease is a disturbance of: a. Protein metabolism b. Lipid metabolism. c. Mucopolysaccharide metabolism. d. Carbohydrate metabolism.Mucopolysaccharide metabolism.
- 75MOST COMMON EPITHELIAL (ECTODERMAL) ODONTOGENIC TUMORAMELOBLASTOMA
- 76ODONTOGENIC MYXOMAAGGRESSIVE tumor
derived from the papilla, dental sac, or PDL
Painless swelling in the mandible. - 77Benign cementoblastomaTooth is vital
- 78COMPOUND ODONTOMATumor of enamel and
dentin common in the ANTERIOR MAXILLA.
-is arranged in the form of
anomalousMINIATURE TEETH
Common between the maxillary premolar and central
incisor on a panorex - 79AMALGAM TATTOOSometimes mistaken for a melanin-pigmented lesion.
-Most common
on the gingiva, buccal mucosa, and alveolar mucosa. - 80AddisonsAfrican American 13 year old boy with bimaxillary protrusion. Has generalized racial pigmentation. Also pigmented tongue. Question on what a systemic conditions do u see pigmentation of oral mucosa?
peutz jeghers,
addisons,
amalgam tattoo - 81Focal melanosis is a common circumstance in which brownish areas of pigmentation occur in the oral cavity. Once properly diagnosed: (1) Radiation is required (2) Surgical excision is required (3) No treatment is necessaryNo treatment is necessary
- 82which cyst Tissue resembles "blood- soaked sponge" radio graphic soap-bubble Pseudo cyst Latent bone cyst Traumatic bone cyst Aneurysmal bone cystAneurysmal bone cyst
- 83Radiographically, a benign bone neoplasm can be differentiated from a malignant one because in the benign lesion 1. the margins are irregular and fade into the surrounding bone. 2. the cortex remains intact. 3. the margins are defined and demarcated. 4. there can be perforation of the periosteum.The cortex remains intact.
- 84MOST COMMON BENIGN salivary gland tumor.PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA (Mixed Tumor)-
- 85Most common site of intra-oral MINOR salivary gland neoplasms/tumorsPalate
- 86The most common site of intra-oral MAJOR salivary gland neoplasms isParotid Gland
- 87Mikulicz disease53-year-old woman comes into the dental clinic with bilaterally enlarged
parotid glands. It was discovered that she had recently been to the African
continent and had contracted tuberculosis. What is the name of the autoimmune
disease associated with enlarged salivary glands in association with a
secondary disease?• \
sjOgren syndrome
• mikulicz disease
• gorlin-goltz syndrome
• pie r re robin syndrome
• apert syndrome
14 Comments - 88ONCOCYTOMAS ("OXYPHILIC/ACIDOPHILIC ADENOMA")A small, benign RARE glandular tumor
composed of large cells with a granular & eosinophilic
cytoplasm due to the presence of many mitochondria.
-Its development may be related to the AGING PROCESS
-BRIGHT PINK CYTOPLASM and small, round nuclei. - 89STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME1. SEVERE bullous form of ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME
2. Acute onset of fever, and eruptive,
ulcerative lesion on the skin, oral mucosa, and eyes.
3.BULL'S-EYE-SHAPED"
LESIONS with the classical triad of eye lesions,
genital lesions, & stomatitis. - 90ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME-Allergic hypersensitivity
reaction in response to MEDICATIONS (sulfonamides,
penicillins, barbiturates, & phenytoin), infections, or
illness.
-DAMAGED SKIN BLOOD VESSELS
with subsequent damage to skin tissues - 91Recurrent Herpetiform Ulcerationsthe MOST
SEVERE aphthous ulcer, characterized by crops of
multiple, small, shallow ulcers, often in cluster of up to
100 (1-3mm lesions), and may occur in any area of the
oral cavity. These lesions are present almost
continuously for 1-3 years, with relatively short
remissions. More common in adult FEMALES, and
usually heal within a month and DO NOT LEAVE
SCARRING. - 92the MOST COMMON form ("canker sore") of aftaRecurrent Aphthous Minor (Minor Aphthous Ulcer)
- 93Can last up to 6 weeks and LEAVE A SCARE UPON HEALING. Occurs on non-keratinizing tissue (LIPS, TONGUE, CHEEKS), but their border can extend onto keratinized tissue.Recurrent Aphthous Major (Major Aphthous Ulcer)
- 94Vesicular lesions (vesicles) DO NOT PRECEDE the formation of these ulcers.Distinctive diasnostic feature of Aftas.
- 95BURKITT'S LYMPHOMA (HSV-4)Jaw lesions usually present as expanding intra-oral
masses with mobility of the involved teeth.
Radiographically: "MOTH-EATEN" appearance with
poorly marginated bone destruction. - 96FIRST HUMAN CANCER WITH STRONG EVIDENCE OF VIRAL ETIOLOGY.Burkitt's lymphoma
- 97Which diagnostic test is used to distinguish herpes zoster from herpes simplex? 1- tzank test 2- fluorescent test 3- antibody titersFluorescent test
- 98What nerve is the most often damaged in TMJ surgery? - Trigeminal (CNV) - Facial (CNVII) -Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) - Aurticulotemporal (Branch III of CNV) - Inferior Alveolar (Branch III of CNV) gingival erosions. Found in all mucous membranes, but is less severe than Pemphigus.- Facial (CNVII) passes through the parotid gland directly under the TMJ
- 99A bite block allows for ____. - Better visualization - pt discomfort - Cheek retraction - Occlusal alignment - Wider opening- Better visualization
- 100The teeth (most to least) likely to be congenitally missing are ______, ____ , and ______.- 3M
- Max lateral incisors
- Mand second premolars
Information
- Description
- Praxis Flashcards: PATHOLOGY Flashcards on Pathophysiology III (100 Flash Cards), created by ACAPUN INSTITUTE on 08/07/2021.
- Created by
- ACAPUN INSTITUTE · Jul 2021
- Updated
- Jul 9, 2021
- Views
- 296
- Rating