32707408
Description
Flashcards by Natalia Lehnhoff Faillace, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Natalia Lehnhoff Faillace
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| aphotic zone | Below the photic zone lies, which extends to the ocean floor, with a maximum depth of about 36,000 feet (11,000 meters). |
| biodiversity | The total number of species, of any biome on Earth. |
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biome
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Biomes (binary/octet-stream)
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These large-scale communities are often named after their principal types of vegetation. |
| chemosynthesis | Like photosynthesis, hydrogen sulfide manufactures organic molecules from carbon dioxide. |
| chaparral | Many coastal regions that border on deserts, such as those in southern California and much of the Mediterranean, support the biome. |
| climate | Weather patterns that prevail for d years or centuries in a particular region make up. |
| deserts | Biomes, where annual rainfall is 10 inches or less. |
| desertification | The process by which relatively dry regions are converted to desert as a result of drought is coupled with misuse of the land. |
| estuaries | Wetlands that form where rivers meet oceans. |
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Eutrophic lakes
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E (binary/octet-stream)
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Receive relatively large inputs of sediments, organic material, and inorganic nutrients (such as phosphates and nitrates) from their surroundings, allowing them to support dense plant communities. |
| ozone layer | UV radiation is absorbed in the middle atmosphere or stratosphere. |
| ozone hole | Over Antarctica had worsened, with springtime ozone only about 50% of its original levels. |
| rain shadow | The air warms again as it travels down the far (lee) side of the mountain, so it absorbs water from the land, creating a local dry area. |
| gyres | The continents interrupt the currents, breaking them înto roughly circular pattern, which circulates clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere |
| tropical deciduous forests | In these areas, the forest grows, which include much of India as well as parts of Southeast Asia, South America, and Central America. deciduous means falling off- |
| tropical rain forest | These evenly warm, moist conditions create the most productive biome on Earth dominated by broadleaf evergreen trees |
| tropical scrub forest | Biome is dominated by deciduous trees that are shorter and more widely spaced than in tropical deciduous forests. |
| savanna | Biome sill farther from the equator, the climate grows drier, and grasses become the dominant vegetation, with only scattered trees. |
| grassland | Also named prairie, biomes are typically located in the centers of continents, such as North America and Eurasia, and receive 10 to 30 inches (25 to 75 centimeters) of rain annually. |
| temperate deciduous forest | At their eastern edge, the North American grasslands merge into the biome. |
| temperate rainforest | Temperate Rain Forests On the U.S. Pacific Coast, from the lowlands of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State to southeast Alaska, lies. Temperate rain forests are also located along the southeastern coast of Australia, the southwestern coast of New Zealand, and parts of Chile and Argentina. |
| northern coniferous forest | North of the grasslands and temperate forests stretches the taiga. |
| tundra | The biome furthest north is the arctic, a vast treeless region bordering the Arctic Ocean. |
| permafrost | The cold climate of the arctic tundra results in a permanently frozen layer of soil. |
| plankton | Littoral waters are also home to small organisms collectively (from a Greek word meaning "drifters"). |
| phytoplankton | Photosynthetic protists and bacteria. |
| zooplankton | Nonphotosynthetic protists and tiny crustaceans that feed on phytoplankton make up. |
| littoral zone | Near the lakeshore is a shallow, where plants find both abundant sunlight and nutrients. |
| limnetic zone | This open-water region is divided into an upper zone, in which enough light penetrates to support photosynthesis by plankton, |
| profundal zone | A lower zone, in which light is too weak for photosynthesis to occur. |
| wetlands | Freshwater, also called marshes, swamps, or bogs, are regions where the soil is covered or saturated with water. |
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photic zone
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Ln (binary/octet-stream)
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Consists of relatively shallow waters (to a depth of about 650 feet, or 200 meters) where the light is strong enough to support photosynthesis. |
| Oligotrophic lakes | Contain few nutrients and support. relatively little life. |
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intertidal zone
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Where the land meets the ocean, is alternately covered and exposed by the tides. |
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nearshore zone
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Near (binary/octet-stream)
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Extends ut to sea from the low-tide line, with gradually increasing depth as the continental shelf slopes downward. |
| open ocean | To begin, where the water is deep enough that wave action no longer affects the bottom, even during strong storms. |
| kelp forests | Kelp often occur in dense stands found throughout the world in cool waters of the nearshore zone |
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coral reefs
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Reef (binary/octet-stream)
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These skeletons accumulate over hundreds or thousands of years, building them. Coral reefs are most abundant in tropical waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, the Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico as far north as southern Florida, |
| hydrothermal vent community | Surrounding these vents was a rich community of pink fish, blind white crabs, enormous mussels, white clams, sea anemones, giant tube worms, and a species of snail sporting iron-laden armor plates. |
| Upwelling | Brings cold, nutrient-laden water from the ocean depths to the surface. |
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