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Flashcards Medicine

Estrella Samayoa Spanish 81 cards

Flashcards Medicine

Cards in this deck (81)

  1. 1Personal InformationEstrella de Guadalupe Samayoa Gómez
  2. 2Unit 1 - Medical professionals CLINICIAN Dr. García is a clinician with over 20 years of experience. He specializes in diagnosing and treating both common and complex illnesses.CLINICIAN - MÉDICO CLÍNICO
    N. Someone, such as a doctor, who has qualifications in an area of very skilled health work
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/clinician    Unit 1 - Medical professionals CLINICIAN Dr. García is a clinician with over 20 years of experience. He specializes in diagnosing and tre...
  3. 3Unit 1 - Medical professionals DOCTOR As a seasoned doctor, Dr. López is skilled in providing comprehensive care for patients with a wide range of medical conditions, from simple illnesses to more complicated cases.DOCTOR- DOCTOR
    N. A person with a medical degree whose job is to treat people who are ill or hurt
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/doctor?q=doctors    Unit 1 - Medical professionals DOCTOR As a seasoned doctor, Dr. López is skilled in providing comprehensive care for patients with a wide...
  4. 4Unit 1 - Medical professionals PHYSICIAN Dr. García is an experienced physician who focuses on providing personalized care, addressing both everyday health concerns and more serious medical conditions.PHYSICIAN - DOCTOR MEDICINA INTERNA
    N. A medical doctor, especially one who has general skill and is not a surgeon
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/physician?q=PHYSICIANS    Unit 1 - Medical professionals PHYSICIAN Dr. García is an experienced physician who focuses on providing personalized care, addressing bo...
  5. 5Unit 1 - Verb DIAGNOSE Dr. Aguirre can diagnose a variety of illnesses with precision.DIAGNOSE - DIAGNOSTICAR
    V. To recognize and name the exact character of a disease or a problem, by examining it
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/diagnose?q=Diagnose    Unit 1 - Verb DIAGNOSE Dr. Aguirre can diagnose a variety of illnesses with precision.
  6. 6Unit 1 - Nouns in medicine PRACTICE Dr. Bahama runs his medical practice in a modern clinic downtown.PRACTICE - CLÍNICA
    The place of work of people such as doctors
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/practice?q=Practice    Unit 1 - Nouns in medicine PRACTICE Dr. Bahama runs his medical practice in a modern clinic downtown.
  7. 7Unit 1 - Specialist SURGEON Dr. Jeon is the best surgeon in KoreaSURGEON - CIRUJANO
    N. A doctor who is specially trained to perform medical operations
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/surgeon    Unit 1 - Specialist SURGEON Dr. Jeon is the best surgeon in Korea
  8. 8Unit 1 - Medical professionals STAFF NURSE The staff nurse at the hospital is responsible for monitoring patients' vital signs and assisting doctors during procedures.STAFF NURSE - ENFERMERA DE PERSONAL
    N. A person who works in a hospital taking care of the ill and injured and whose rank is below that of a sister
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/staff-nurse?q=Staff+Nurse    Unit 1 - Medical professionals STAFF NURSE The staff nurse at the hospital is responsible for monitoring patients' vital signs and assist...
  9. 9Unit 1 - Noun OUTPATIENT As an outpatient, I visit the clinic once a week for routine check-ups and follow-up care.OUTPATIENT - PACIENTE EXTERNO
    N. A person who goes to a hospital for treatment, but who does not stay any nights there
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/outpatient?q=Outpatient    Unit 1 - Noun OUTPATIENT As an outpatient, I visit the clinic once a week for routine check-ups and follow-up care.
  10. 10Unit 1 - Medical professionals HEALT VISITOR As a health visitor, you’ll be visiting families at home to provide support and advice on child development and well-being.HEALT VISITOR - VISITANTE DE SALUD
    A person employed to give advice to people, especially older people and the parents of very young children, about health matters, sometimes by visiting them in their own homes
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/health-visitor?q=Health+Visitors    Unit 1 - Medical professionals HEALT VISITOR As a health visitor, you’ll be visiting families at home to provide support and advice on ch...
  11. 11Unit 1 - Specialist ANESTHETIST Dr. Michael is the worst anesthetist in the cityANESTHETIST - ANESTESISTA
    N. A medical specialist who gives anesthesia, esp. during an operation
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/anesthetist    Unit 1 - Specialist ANESTHETIST Dr. Michael is the worst anesthetist in the city
  12. 12Unit 2 - Common illnesses POORLY The patient has been feeling poorly for several days and needs a thorough examinationPOORLY - MAL
    Adj. Unwell, in ill health
    https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=Poorly    Unit 2 - Common illnesses POORLY The patient has been feeling poorly for several days and needs a thorough examination
  13. 13Unit 2 - Common illnesses SLEEPING SICKNESS After several weeks of unexplained fatigue and a high fever, the patient was diagnosed with sleeping sickness, and the doctors began immediate treatment to prevent further neurological damageSLEEPING SICKNESS - Enfermedad del sueño
    An African disease that causes fever, severe loss of energy, weight loss, and sometimes Death.
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001362.htm&ved=2ahUKEwj0tZHuvKKPAxXBRzABHSdEM1sQFnoECE8QAQ&usg=AOvVaw0IOFGvV6weJqnkgUZaSEUg    Unit 2 - Common illnesses SLEEPING SICKNESS After several weeks of unexplained fatigue and a high fever, the patient was diagnosed with s...
  14. 14Unit 2 - Common illnesses TRAVEL SICKNESS The patient started feeling nauseous and dizzy shortly after the journey began, clearly suffering from travel sicknessTRAVEL SICKNESS - NAUSEAS AL VIAJAR
    N. Nausea caused by the motion of a vehicle
    https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=Travel+sickness    Unit 2 - Common illnesses TRAVEL SICKNESS The patient started feeling nauseous and dizzy shortly after the journey began, clearly sufferi...
  15. 15Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET OVER The patient is slowly getting over the flu and should be back to normal in a few daysGET OVER - SUPERAR/RECUPERAR
    V. To get better after an illness
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/get-over?q=Get+over    Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET OVER The patient is slowly getting over the flu and should be back to normal in a few days
  16. 16Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET BETTER The patient got better because he restedGET BETTER - MEJORAR
    To improve
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/get-better?q=Get+better    Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET BETTER The patient got better because he rested
  17. 17Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET WORSE The patient's condition began to get worse, and the doctors became concerned that it might be a severe infection.GET WORSE - EMPEORAR
    To become more ill, or to become a more severe condition
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/get-worse?q=Get+worse    Unit 2 - Verbs ll GET WORSE The patient's condition began to get worse, and the doctors became concerned that it might be a severe infect...
  18. 18Unit 2 - Verbs ll RELAPSED After a few weeks of feeling better, the patient relapsed and his symptoms returned, requiring further treatment.RELAPSED - RECAÍDA
    To become ill or start behaving badly again, after making an improvement
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/relapse?q=relapsed    Unit 2 - Verbs ll RELAPSED After a few weeks of feeling better, the patient relapsed and his symptoms returned, requiring further treatment.
  19. 19Unit 2 - Popular and technical terms of common illnesses. DETERIORATING The patient's health is deteriorating rapidly, and urgent medical intervention is neededDETERIORATING - EMPEORAR
    V. Transitive. To make worse
    https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=DETERIORATING    Unit 2 - Popular and technical terms of common illnesses. DETERIORATING The patient's health is deteriorating rapidly, and urgent medical...
  20. 20Unit 2 - Popular and technical terms of common illnesses. RECOVERY After surgery, the patient showed significant progress in their recovery, and doctors were optimistic about a full return to healthRECOVERY - RECUPERARSE
    V. To become completely well again after an illness or injury
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/recover?q=recovering    Unit 2 - Popular and technical terms of common illnesses. RECOVERY After surgery, the patient showed significant progress in their recove...
  21. 21Unit 2 - Common illnesses HEALTHY The patient adopted a healthier lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, and soon felt much healthier overallHEALTHY - SALUDABLE
    Adj. Strong and well. Good for your health
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/healthy    Unit 2 - Common illnesses HEALTHY The patient adopted a healthier lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, and soon fel...
  22. 22Unit 3 - Symptom WORN OUT After the long treatment, the patient felt completely worn out and needed several days of rest to recover.WORN OUT - AGOTADO
    Extremely tired. We talk loosely about people being 'worn out' by a lifetime of labour, but this process is far from being understood
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/worn-out    Unit 3 - Symptom WORN OUT After the long treatment, the patient felt completely worn out and needed several days of rest to recover.
  23. 23Unit 3 - Symptom BURNING The patient complained of a burning sensation in his chest, which the doctor suspected might be related to acid refluxBURNING - CALIENTE
    Painful in a way that feels hot. For example the indigestion can produce a burning pain in the middle of the chest.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/burning?q=BURNING    Unit 3 - Symptom BURNING The patient complained of a burning sensation in his chest, which the doctor suspected might be related to acid ...
  24. 24Unit 3 - Symptom CRAMP The patient reported having a severe cramp in his leg after exercising, which caused intense pain and limited his movementCRAMP - CALAMBRE
    A sudden painful tightening in a muscle, often after a lot of exercise, that limits movement.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/cramp    Unit 3 - Symptom CRAMP The patient reported having a severe cramp in his leg after exercising, which caused intense pain and limited his ...
  25. 25Unit 3 - Symptom SHARP The patient described a sharp pain in his abdomen, which worsened when he moved, prompting further testsSHARP - DOLOR PUNZANTE
    Producing or describing a quick, strong pain that makes you feel like you have been cut.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/sharp    Unit 3 - Symptom SHARP The patient described a sharp pain in his abdomen, which worsened when he moved, prompting further tests
  26. 26Unit 3 - Symptom THROBBING The patient complained of a constant throbbing headache, which seemed to intensify with light and soundTHROBBING - DOLOR PALPITANTE
    Pain felt in a series of regular beats.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/throbbing?q=THROBBING    Unit 3 - Symptom THROBBING The patient complained of a constant throbbing headache, which seemed to intensify with light and sound
  27. 27Unit 3 - Symptom LASSITUDE The patient experienced a sense of lassitude for several weeks, feeling constantly fatigued despite getting plenty of restLASSITUDE - LASITUD
    Physical or mental tiredness.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/lassitude?q=LASSITUDE    Unit 3 - Symptom LASSITUDE The patient experienced a sense of lassitude for several weeks, feeling constantly fatigued despite getting pl...
  28. 28Unit 3 - Symptom OUT OF SORTS The patient felt out of sorts for several days, experiencing mild headaches and fatigue, but couldn't pinpoint the causeOUT OF SORTS - FUERA DE SENTIDO
    In an unhappy mood.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/out-of-sorts?q=OUT+OF+SORTS    Unit 3 - Symptom OUT OF SORTS The patient felt out of sorts for several days, experiencing mild headaches and fatigue, but couldn't pinpo...
  29. 29Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom MALAISE The patient presented with general malaise, feeling weak and unwell, which lasted for several days before other symptoms appeared.MALAISE - MALESTAR
    A general feeling of being ill or having no energy, or an uncomfortable feeling that something is wrong, especially with society, and that you cannot change the situation.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/malaise?q=MALAISE    Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom MALAISE The patient presented with general malaise, feeling weak and unwell, which lasted for several days befo...
  30. 30Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom STINGING The patient complained of a stinging sensation on his skin, especially when touched, which was later diagnosed as a mild allergic reactionSTINGING - PUNZANTE COMO PICADURA DE UN INSECTO
    If an insect, plant, or animal stings, it produces a small but painful injury, usually with a poison, by brushing against the skin or making a very small hole in the skin.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/sting?q=STINGING    Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom STINGING The patient complained of a stinging sensation on his skin, especially when touched, which was later d...
  31. 31Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom GRIPPING The patient described a gripping pain in his chest, which was so intense that it made it difficult for him to breatheGRIPPING - DOLOR OPRESIVO
    A griping pain is a sudden, sharp pain in your stomach or bowels.
    https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/griping#:~:text=(gra%C9%AAp%C9%AA%C5%8B%20),Collins%20COBUILD%20Advanced%20Learner's%20Dictionary.    Unit 3 - Sygn and Symptom GRIPPING The patient described a gripping pain in his chest, which was so intense that it made it difficult for...
  32. 32Unit 4 - Parts of body THIGH The patient felt a sharp pain in his thigh after running, which he suspected might be a muscle strainTHIGH - MUSLO
    The part of a person's leg above the knee.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/thigh?q=THIGH    Unit 4 - Parts of body THIGH The patient felt a sharp pain in his thigh after running, which he suspected might be a muscle strain
  33. 33Unit 4 - Parts of body CALF The patient complained of a tight sensation in his calf after walking long distances, which the doctor identified as a mild muscle crampCALF -PANTORILLA
    The curved part of the back of the human leg below the knee.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/calf?q=CALF    Unit 4 - Parts of body CALF The patient complained of a tight sensation in his calf after walking long distances, which the doctor identi...
  34. 34Unit 4 - Parts of body BREAST The patient noticed a lump in her breast and immediately scheduled an appointment for further examinationBREAST - MAMA
    Either of the two soft, rounded parts of a woman's chest that produce milk after she has a baby.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/breast?q=BREAST    Unit 4 - Parts of body BREAST The patient noticed a lump in her breast and immediately scheduled an appointment for further examination
  35. 35Unit 4 - Parts of body EARDRUM The patient complained of sharp pain in his ear, and the doctor found that his eardrum had been ruptured due to a severe ear infectionEARDRUM - TÍMPANO DEL OÍDO
    A thin piece of skin inside the ear that moves backwards and forwards very quickly when sound waves reach it, allowing you to hear sounds.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/eardrum    Unit 4 - Parts of body EARDRUM The patient complained of sharp pain in his ear, and the doctor found that his eardrum had been ruptured d...
  36. 36Unit 4 - Parts of body BUNION The patient sought treatment for a painful bunion on his foot, which was causing difficulty walking and discomfort in tight shoesBUNION- JUANETE
    A painful swelling on the first joint of the big toe.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/bunion?q=BUNION    Unit 4 - Parts of body BUNION The patient sought treatment for a painful bunion on his foot, which was causing difficulty walking and dis...
  37. 37Unit 4 - Parts of body NOSTRIL The patient complained of congestion in one nostril, making it difficult to breathe through the noseNOSTRIL - FOSAS NASALES
    Either of the two openings in the nose through which air moves when you breathe.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/nostril.    Unit 4 - Parts of body NOSTRIL The patient complained of congestion in one nostril, making it difficult to breathe through the nose
  38. 38Unit 4 - Parts of body PALATE The patient reported a burning sensation on the roof of his mouth, or palate, which he suspected was caused by hot foodPALATE - PALADAR
    The top part of the inside of your mouth.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/palate?q=PALATE    Unit 4 - Parts of body PALATE The patient reported a burning sensation on the roof of his mouth, or palate, which he suspected was caused...
  39. 39Unit 4 - Parts of body TEAR DUCT The patient experienced excessive tearing from one eye, and the doctor diagnosed a blocked tear duct, which was causing the issueTEAR DUCT - CONDUCTO LAGRIMAL
    One of the short tubes at the edge of a person's eyes that carry tears into the nose.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/tear-duct?q=TEAR+DUCT    Unit 4 - Parts of body TEAR DUCT The patient experienced excessive tearing from one eye, and the doctor diagnosed a blocked tear duct, wh...
  40. 40Unit 4 - Parts of body TONSILS The patient complained of a sore throat and difficulty swallowing, and the doctor found that his tonsils were swollen, indicating an infectionTONSILS - AMIGDALAS
    The two small, soft organs at the back of the mouth.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/tonsils?q=TONSILS+    Unit 4 - Parts of body TONSILS The patient complained of a sore throat and difficulty swallowing, and the doctor found that his tonsils w...
  41. 41Unit 4 - Parts of body TEMPLE The patient complained of a throbbing pain near his temple, which was later diagnosed as a tension headacheTEMPLE -SIEN
    The flat area on each side of your head in front of the top of your ear.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/temple    Unit 4 - Parts of body TEMPLE The patient complained of a throbbing pain near his temple, which was later diagnosed as a tension headache
  42. 42Unit 5 - Fractures BONE BRUISE The patient sustained a bone bruise on his leg after a fall, causing significant pain and swelling, but no fractures were detectedBONE BRUISE - HEMATOMA EN EL HUESO
    Bone bruises (contusions) are similar to bruises on your skin. But they’re more serious because damage to your bones can take longer to heal and may lead to fractures (broken bones). Most people can manage bone bruise symptoms with the RICE method while their bones heal. You might need to wear a splint, brace or cast to support your injured bone.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/bone-bruise-bone-contusion    Unit 5 - Fractures BONE BRUISE The patient sustained a bone bruise on his leg after a fall, causing significant pain and swelling, but no...
  43. 43Unit 5 - Type of fractures GREENSTICK FRACTURES The child was diagnosed with greenstick fractures in his arm after a fall, where the bone bent but didn’t break completelyGREENSTICK FRACTURES - FRACTURA DE TALLO VERDE
    Are a type of broken bone. They happen when a fall or other accident bends a bone so much that it cracks along one side without breaking into multiple pieces. Almost all greenstick fractures affect children younger than 10 because they have softer and more pliable bones than adults do.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17812-greenstick-fractures    Unit 5 - Type of fractures GREENSTICK FRACTURES The child was diagnosed with greenstick fractures in his arm after a fall, where the bone...
  44. 44Unit 5 - Type of fractures COMMINUTED FRACTURES The patient suffered comminuted fractures in his leg after the accident, where the bone was shattered into several pieces, requiring surgery for proper healingCOMMINUTED FRACTURES - FRACTURA CONMINUTA
    The term comminuted fracture refers to a bone that is broken in at least two places. Comminuted fractures are caused by severe traumas like car accidents. You will need surgery to repair your bone, and recovery can take a year or longer.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22252-comminuted-fracture    Unit 5 - Type of fractures COMMINUTED FRACTURES The patient suffered comminuted fractures in his leg after the accident, where the bone w...
  45. 45Unit 5 - Type of fractures SEGMENTAL FRACTURES The patient sustained segmental fractures in his femur, where two or more separate bone fragments were disconnected from the rest of the boneSEGMENTAL FRACTURES - FRACTURAS SEGMENTARIAS
    They happen when one of your bones is broken in at least two places, leaving a segment of your bone totally separated by the breaks. Segmental fractures are caused by severe traumas like car accidents. You’ll need surgery to repair your bone, and recovery can take a year or longer.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22234-segmental-fracture    Unit 5 - Type of fractures SEGMENTAL FRACTURES The patient sustained segmental fractures in his femur, where two or more separate bone fr...
  46. 46Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause STRESS FRACTURES A 22-year-old runner develops persistent shin pain after suddenly increasing training intensity. Imaging reveals a tibial stress fracture caused by repetitive overuse.STRESS FRACTURES - FRACTURA POR ESTRÉS
    They happen when physical activity puts too much pressure on a bone and it doesn’t have enough time to recover. Stress fractures start as bone bruises that eventually become small cracks in the bone’s surface. Common causes include playing a sport and a repetitive motion you do for your job.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15841-stress-fractures    Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause STRESS FRACTURES A 22-year-old runner develops persistent shin pain after suddenly increasing train...
  47. 47Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause AVULSION FRACTURES A 16-year-old soccer player suddenly changes direction during a game and feels sharp hip pain. Imaging shows an avulsion fracture of the anterior superior iliac spine due to the pulling force of the sartorius muscle.AVULSION FRACTURES - FRACTURAS POR AVULSION
    Avulsion fractures usually happen to young athletes. You might be sprinting, hitting, sliding or doing other sports activities that involve quick movements and sudden changes in direction. A piece of bone attached to a ligament or tendon breaks away from the main part of the bone. It might take up to 12 weeks for you to fully heal.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21802-avulsion-fracture    Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause AVULSION FRACTURES A 16-year-old soccer player suddenly changes direction during a game and feels s...
  48. 48Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause BUCKLE FRACTURE An 8-year-old child falls on an outstretched hand and develops wrist pain. X-ray shows a buckle fracture of the distal radius, common in pediatric patients.BUCKLE FRACTURE - FRACTURA EN RODETE
    Buckle fractures (also called impacted fractures) are a type of broken bone. The pressure “buckles” the bone without snapping it. Picture crushing an aluminum soda can. Pressure forces the can to bulge and collapse in on itself, but it’s still in one piece.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22235-buckle-fracture    Unit 5 - Fractures diagnosed by cause BUCKLE FRACTURE An 8-year-old child falls on an outstretched hand and develops wrist pain. X-ray sh...
  49. 49Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures BONE PLATES A 35-year-old patient sustains a forearm fracture in a car accident. Surgeons use bone plates and screws to stabilize the fracture, allowing proper alignment and healingBONE PLATES - PLACAS ÓSEAS
    Bone plates are like internal splints holding together the fractured ends of a bone.
    https://es.slideshare.net/slideshow/plates-and-screws-11/47987497    Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures BONE PLATES A 35-year-old patient sustains a forearm fracture in a car accident. Surgeons use bone plat...
  50. 50Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures BONE SCREW During surgery for a fractured ankle, a bone screw is used to secure the bone fragments and ensure stability during healing.BONE SCREW - TORNILLOS ÓSEOS
    Screw fixation of the implant to the skeleton provides both practical and theoretical advantages. Screw fixation prevents movement of the implant, which adds precision as well as early and late predictability to the result. Theoretically, elimination of implant motion should hasten fibrous incorporation while minimizing capsule formation and underlying bone resorption.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/bone-screw    Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures BONE SCREW During surgery for a fractured ankle, a bone screw is used to secure the bone fragments and ...
  51. 51Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures PLASTER CAST A 10-year-old breaks their forearm while playing. The doctor applies a plaster cast to immobilize the bone and allow it to heal properlyPLASTER CAST - YESO
    A covering made of plaster of Paris that is put around part of someone's body, forming a hard case to protect them while a broken bone repairs itself.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/plaster-cast    Unit 5 - Treatments for fractures PLASTER CAST A 10-year-old breaks their forearm while playing. The doctor applies a plaster cast to imm...
  52. 52Unit 6 - Genetic component INHERITED The child has an inherited tendency for high cholesterol, as it runs in the family and is passed down from the parents.INHERITED - HEREDADO
    In medicine, describes the passing of genetic information from parent to child through the genes in sperm and egg cells. Also called hereditary.
    https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/inherited    Unit 6 - Genetic component INHERITED The child has an inherited tendency for high cholesterol, as it runs in the family and is passed dow...
  53. 53Unit 6 - Genetic component SINGLE-GENE Cystic fibrosis is a single-gene disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene.SINGLE-GENE, - GEN ÚNICO
    A single gene disorder is caused by variations (or mutations) in the DNA sequence of a specific gene.
    https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/singlegene/    Unit 6 - Genetic component SINGLE-GENE Cystic fibrosis is a single-gene disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene.
  54. 54Unit 6 - Genetic component ANEUPLOIDY Down syndrome is caused by aneuploidy, where there is an extra copy of chromosome 21.ANEUPLOIDY - ANEUPLOIDÍA
    Is a genetic disorder where the total number of chromosomes doesn’t equal 46. If there’s an extra chromosome copy (trisomy) you’ll have 47. If you’re missing a chromosome copy (monosomy), you’ll have 45. Any change in the number of chromosomes could affect the outcome of a pregnancy.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24060-aneuploidy    Unit 6 - Genetic component ANEUPLOIDY Down syndrome is caused by aneuploidy, where there is an extra copy of chromosome 21.
  55. 55Unit 6 - Genetic diseases SPINA BIFIDA A newborn is diagnosed with spina bifida, a birth defect where the spinal column does not close completely, leading to varying degrees of physical disabilitySPINA BIFIDA - ESPINA BÍFIDA
    Spina bifida is a condition that occurs when the spine and spinal cord don't form properly. It's a type of neural tube defect.
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/spina-bifida/symptoms-causes/syc-20377860    Unit 6 - Genetic diseases SPINA BIFIDA A newborn is diagnosed with spina bifida, a birth defect where the spinal column does not close co...
  56. 56Unit 6 - Genetic diseases POLYNIRPHISMS Genetic polymorphisms in the CYP2C9 gene can affect how a person metabolizes certain medications, influencing drug responsePOLYNIRPHISMS - POLIMORFISMO
    Polymorphism, as related to genomics, refers to the presence of two or more variant forms of a specific DNA sequence that can occur among different individuals or populations. The most common type of polymorphism involves variation at a single nucleotide (also called a single-nucleotide polymorphism, or SNP). Other polymorphisms can be much larger, involving longer stretches of DNA.
    https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Polymorphism    Unit 6 - Genetic diseases POLYNIRPHISMS Genetic polymorphisms in the CYP2C9 gene can affect how a person metabolizes certain medications,...
  57. 57Unit 6 - Genetic (video) HYBRIDIZATION Hybridization occurs when two different species or genetic strains are crossed to produce offspring with traits from both parents, such as in the creation of hybrid corn.HYBRIDIZATION - HIBRIDACIÓN
    Hybridization, as related to genomics, is the process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form a double-stranded molecule. The bonding is dependent on the appropriate base-pairing across the two single-stranded molecules. Hybridization is an important process in various research and clinical laboratory techniques.
    https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/hybridization    Unit 6 - Genetic (video) HYBRIDIZATION Hybridization occurs when two different species or genetic strains are crossed to produce offsprin...
  58. 58Unit 6 - Genetic (video) GENETIC FACTOR High blood pressure in some families is influenced by a genetic factor that increases susceptibility to the condition.GENETIC FACTOR - FACTOR GENÉTICO
    A 'Genetic Factor' refers to the hereditary elements that influence traits such as cognition, intelligence, and memory in organisms.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/genetic-factor    Unit 6 - Genetic (video) GENETIC FACTOR High blood pressure in some families is influenced by a genetic factor that increases susceptibil...
  59. 59Unit 6 - Genetic (video) COMPOUND HETEROZYGOSITY A child with cystic fibrosis may have compound heterozygosity, inheriting two different defective CFTR gene mutations—one from each parent.COMPOUND HETEROZYGOSITY - HETEROCIGOSIDAD COMPUESTA
    The presence of two different mutated alleles at a particular gene locus.
    https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/genetics-dictionary/def/compound-heterozygosity    Unit 6 - Genetic (video) COMPOUND HETEROZYGOSITY A child with cystic fibrosis may have compound heterozygosity, inheriting two different ...
  60. 60Unit 6 - Genetic diseases MULTIFACTORIAL Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, influenced by both genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise.MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASES- ENFERMEDAD MULTIFUNCIONAL
    A multifactorial condition is the result of multiple genetic and environmental factors interacting. In clinical practice, most conditions seen will fall under the umbrella term of multifactorial conditions.
    https://www.genomicseducation.hee.nhs.uk/genotes/knowledge-hub/multifactorial-conditions/    Unit 6 - Genetic diseases MULTIFACTORIAL Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, influenced by both genetic predisposition and lifes...
  61. 61Unit 6 - Genetic variation STRAIGHTFORWARD Huntington’s disease is a straightforward genetic disorder because it is caused by a mutation in a single gene and follows a clear inheritance patternSTRAIGHTFORWARD - DIRECTO
    Easy to understand or simple.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/straightforward    Unit 6 - Genetic variation STRAIGHTFORWARD Huntington’s disease is a straightforward genetic disorder because it is caused by a mutation ...
  62. 62Unit 7 - Muscles SOFT TISSUE The patient injured their knee in a fall, resulting in swelling and bruising of the soft tissue around the jointSOFT TISSUE - TEJIDO BLANDO
    Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body.
    https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/soft-tissue    Unit 7 - Muscles SOFT TISSUE The patient injured their knee in a fall, resulting in swelling and bruising of the soft tissue around the j...
  63. 63Unit 7 - Type of muscles SMOOTH MUSCLE Smooth muscle in the walls of the intestines contracts involuntarily to move food along the digestive tractSMOOTH MUSCLE - MUSCULO LISO
    At a cellular level, smooth muscle can be described as an involuntary, non-striated muscle. Smooth muscle consists of thick and thin filaments that are not arranged into sarcomeres giving it a non-striated pattern.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532857/#:~:text=At%20a%20cellular%20level%2C%20smooth,examination%2C%20it%20will%20appear%20homogenous.    Unit 7 - Type of muscles SMOOTH MUSCLE Smooth muscle in the walls of the intestines contracts involuntarily to move food along the digest...
  64. 64Unit 7 - Muscle conditions and disorders AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS A 55-year-old patient gradually loses muscle strength and control. Neurological tests confirm Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neuronsAMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS - ESCLEROSIS LATERAL AMIOTRÓFICA
    Is a neurodegenerative condition that affects how nerve cells communicate with your muscles. It leads to muscle weakness that gets worse over time. Symptoms can affect how you move, speak and breathe. ALS treatment includes therapies and medications to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16729-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-als    Unit 7 - Muscle conditions and disorders AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS A 55-year-old patient gradually loses muscle strength and control....
  65. 65Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms STIFFNESS After waking up, the patient experiences joint stiffness in the morning that improves with movement.STIFFNESS -RIGIDEZ
    Noun. the physical property of being inflexible and hard to bend. inelasticity. the lack of elasticity.
    https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/stiffness#:~:text=Definitions%20of%20stiffness,the%20lack%20of%20elasticity    Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms STIFFNESS After waking up, the patient experiences joint stiffness in the morning that improves with movement.
  66. 66Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms SWELLING After twisting his ankle, the patient notices redness, pain, and swelling around the jointSWELLING - INFLAMACIÓN
    A part of your body that has become bigger because of illness or injury.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/swelling    Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms SWELLING After twisting his ankle, the patient notices redness, pain, and swelling around the joint
  67. 67Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms BRUISING After lifting heavy weights, the athlete develops bruising and tenderness in the quadriceps muscle.BRUISING - MORETONE
    Those purple and yellow patches you get on your skin where you’ve bumped and scraped.
    https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/bruise    Unit 7 - Muscle symptoms BRUISING After lifting heavy weights, the athlete develops bruising and tenderness in the quadriceps muscle.
  68. 68Unit 7 - Lay term STROKE A 68-year-old suddenly develops weakness on one side of the body and slurred speech. Imaging confirms a stroke caused by a blocked artery in the brain.STROKE - ACCIDENTE CEREBROVASCULAR
    A medical emergency that happens when something prevents your brain from getting enough blood flow.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/5601-stroke#:~:text=A%20stroke%20is%20a%20medical%20emergency%20that%20happens%20when%20something,(CVAs)%20or%20brain%20attacks.    Unit 7 - Lay term STROKE A 68-year-old suddenly develops weakness on one side of the body and slurred speech. Imaging confirms a stroke c...
  69. 69Unit 7 - Muscles of the body SOLEUS MUSCLE The athlete felt calf pain during running, and stretching exercises targeting the soleus muscle helped relieve the discomfort.SOLEUS MUSCLE - MUSCULO SOLEO
    The soleus muscle runs along the back of your lower leg. This large, powerful muscle starts from the back of your shin bone and attaches to your heel bone as part of the Achilles tendon.
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/soleus-muscle-anatomy-4684082    Unit 7 - Muscles of the body SOLEUS MUSCLE The athlete felt calf pain during running, and stretching exercises targeting the soleus muscl...
  70. 70Unit 7 - Medical term OESOPHAGUS The patient experiences difficulty swallowing, and an endoscopy shows inflammation in the oesophagus.OESOPHAGUS - ESÓFAGO
    the tube in the body that takes food from the mouth to the stomach
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/oesophagus    Unit 7 - Medical term OESOPHAGUS The patient experiences difficulty swallowing, and an endoscopy shows inflammation in the oesophagus.
  71. 71Unit 7 - Muscles of the body GRACILIS MUSCLE A soccer player experiences inner thigh pain after a sudden sprint, affecting the gracilis muscleGRACILIS MUSCLE - MÚSCULO GRÁCIL
    Gracilis muscle is a long and slender muscle located in the medial (adductor) compartment of the thigh. It forms part of the adductor muscle group together with adductor longus
    https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gracilis-muscle    Unit 7 - Muscles of the body GRACILIS MUSCLE A soccer player experiences inner thigh pain after a sudden sprint, affecting the gracilis m...
  72. 72Unit 8 - Valves, veins and arteries SEPTUM The patient has a deviated nasal septum, causing difficulty breathing through one nostrilSEPTUM - TABIQUE DEL CORAZÓN
    The septum of the heart is a wall of tissue that separates the left and right sides of the heart and enables blood to flow as it should. It consists of the atrial septum and the ventricular septum.
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/septum-heart    Unit 8 - Valves, veins and arteries SEPTUM The patient has a deviated nasal septum, causing difficulty breathing through one nostril
  73. 73Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA PALLOR The patient appears unusually pale, especially in the lips and nail beds, a common symptom of pernicious anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency.PALLOR - PALIDEZ
    The state of being very pale.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/pallor    Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA PALLOR The patient appears unusually pale, especially in the lips and nail beds, a common symptom of pernicious a...
  74. 74Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA MILD JAUNDICE The patient shows mild yellowing of the skin and eyes, a symptom of pernicious anemia caused by the breakdown of red blood cellsMILD JAUNDICE - ICTERICIA LEVE
    Jaundice is a condition where your skin, the whites of your eyes and mucous membranes (like the inside of your nose and mouth) turn yellow. Many medical conditions can cause jaundice, like hepatitis, gallstones and tumors. Jaundice usually clears up once your healthcare provider treats your main medical condition.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/15367-adult-jaundice    Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA MILD JAUNDICE The patient shows mild yellowing of the skin and eyes, a symptom of pernicious anemia caused by the...
  75. 75Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA GLOSSITIS The patient complains of a sore, red, and swollen tongue, a sign of glossitis associated with pernicious anemiaGLOSSITIS - GLOSITIS
    Glossitis is inflammation that makes your tongue swollen, smooth or red. Allergic reactions, infections and dry mouth may cause it. Treatment including antibiotics, changing what you eat and practicing better oral hygiene often makes glossitis go away.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23987-glossitis    Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA GLOSSITIS The patient complains of a sore, red, and swollen tongue, a sign of glossitis associated with perniciou...
  76. 76Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA SPLEEN The patient was diagnosed with an enlarged spleen, which could indicate an underlying infection or blood disorder.SPLEEN - BAZO
    The spleen is a small organ inside your left rib cage, just above the stomach. It’s part of the lymphatic system (which is part of the immune system). The spleen stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection. Many diseases and conditions can affect how the spleen works. A ruptured (torn) spleen can be fatal.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21567-spleen    Unit 8 - Symptoms of PA SPLEEN The patient was diagnosed with an enlarged spleen, which could indicate an underlying infection or blood d...
  77. 77Unit 8 - Common symptoms EXERTION The patient felt intense exertion and shortness of breath after moderate physical activity, which raised concerns about possible heart issuesEXERTION - ESFUERZO
    The use of a lot of mental or physical effort.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/exertion#google_vignette    Unit 8 - Common symptoms EXERTION The patient felt intense exertion and shortness of breath after moderate physical activity, which raise...
  78. 78Unit 8 - Common symptoms SHORTNESS The patient experienced shortness of breath after climbing a few stairs, which prompted an evaluation for possible heart or lung conditionsSHORTNESS - FALTA
    The quality of being not very long or less than average or usual.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/shortness    Unit 8 - Common symptoms SHORTNESS The patient experienced shortness of breath after climbing a few stairs, which prompted an evaluation ...
  79. 79Unit 8 - Common symptoms ORTHOPNEA The patient reported experiencing orthopnea, feeling short of breath when lying flat, which improved when sitting upORTHOPNEA - ORTOPNEA
    Orthopnea is shortness of breath when lying down that’s relieved by standing or sitting up. Heart failure, lung disease and other medical conditions are typical causes of orthopnea. Treating the underlying condition, using oxygen, taking medication or repositioning helps.
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/orthopneañ    Unit 8 - Common symptoms ORTHOPNEA The patient reported experiencing orthopnea, feeling short of breath when lying flat, which improved w...
  80. 80Unit 8 - Cardiac surgery DISLODGING During the surgery, the surgeon was careful to avoid dislodging the blood clot, as it could lead to severe complicationsDISLODGING - DESALOJAR
    To remove something or someone, especially by force, from a fixed position.
    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/dislodging    Unit 8 - Cardiac surgery DISLODGING During the surgery, the surgeon was careful to avoid dislodging the blood clot, as it could lead to s...
  81. 81Unit 8 - Cardiac surgery BYPASS SURGERY The patient underwent bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart after suffering from severe coronary artery diseaseBYPASS SURGERY - BAIPÁS CORONARIO
    Coronary artery bypass surgery creates a new path for blood to go around a blocked or partially blocked artery in the heart.
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/coronary-bypass-surgery/about/pac-20384589&ved=2ahUKEwjNr8XMu6KPAxVURTABHTIqGlIQFnoECGQQAQ&sqi=2&usg=AOvVaw0PQfpPIPzSk_mWtOfnu07T    Unit 8 - Cardiac surgery BYPASS SURGERY The patient underwent bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart after suffering from seve...

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