Gas exchange and microorganisms

Question	Answer
Inspiration	Inhalation More volume Less pressure inside thorax than atmospheric
Expiration	Exhalation Less volume More pressure inside thorax than atmospheric
Diaphragm	Muscle Contracts and moves down for inspiration Relaxes and moves up for expiration
Intercostal muscles	Between ribs Contract in inspiration moving the ribs up and out Relax in exhalation moving the ribs down and in
Air flows through	Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
Cartilage rings around trachea, bronchi and wider bronchioles	They support open airways
Cilia	Moves backwards and forwards and pushes mucus to mouth
Mucus	Traps dirt and particles, keeping the airways clean
Tar	Substance comtained in cigarettes that sticks to the lungs
Lactobacillus	Bacteria Converts lactose into lactic acid, which changes milk proteins and coagulates it
Saprotrophic nutrition	Fungi secrete enzymes onto their food so that digestion happens outside the fungal cells. Then they absorb the digested organic products
Characteristics of fungi	1) can't photosynthesize 2) body organized into a mycelium 3) saprotrophic nutrition 4) may store carbohydrates as glycogen 5) contain many nuclei 6) some are single cells 7) cell wall made of chitin
Yeast	Uses anaerobic respiration to convert sugar/starch (e.g. from grapes/barley) to ethanol

Resource summary

	Created by Cristina Puyol almost 8 years ago