Unit 6: Ancient Rome

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History (Unit 6: Ancient Rome) Flashcards on Unit 6: Ancient Rome, created by Egoitzito Axpito on 29/03/2017.
Egoitzito Axpito
Flashcards by Egoitzito Axpito, updated more than 1 year ago
Egoitzito Axpito
Created by Egoitzito Axpito about 7 years ago
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Question Answer
ANCIENT ROME ANCIENT ROME
THE FOUNDING OF ROME IN WHAT CITY DID THEY FOUNDED ROMAN CIVILIZATION? IN ROME
WERE WAS THE AGRICULTURAL VILLAGE? ON THE PALATINE HILL AND THE BANKS OF THE RIBER TIBER
ACROSS WHAT EXPANDED ROME? ACROSS THE SEVEN HILLS
BY WHAT PERSONS WAS FOUNDED ROME? AND IN WHAT YEAR? BY THE LATINS IN 753 BC
WHAT PERSONS INHABITED THE CENTRE OF THE PENINSULA? THE LATINS
AND IN THE NORTH? THE ETRUSCANS
AND AT THE SOUTH AND ON THE ISLAND OF SICILY? THE GREEKS
ROMAN CIVILISATION WHAT´S WERE THE ROMAN´S THREE PERIODS? THE MONARCHY, THE REPUBLIC AND THE EMPIRE
BETWEEN WHAT YEARS WAS THE 1ST ONE? 753BC-509BC
AND THE SECOND ONE? 509BC-27BC
AND THE LAST ONE? 27BC-476AD
MONARCHY BY WHAT PERSON WAS FOUNDED ROME? BY ROMULUS
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT MONARCHY
WHO WAS THE FIRST KING? ROMULUS
WHAT IS A SENATE? AN ASSEMBLY FORMED BY SENATORS MEMBERS OF MOST IMPORTANT NOBLE FAMILIES
WHO WERE THE SOCIETY TWO GROUPS? PATRICIANS AND PLEBERIANS
WHO WERE PATRICIANS? MINORITY, RICHEST AND MOST POWERFUL FAMILIES
WHO WERE PLEBEIANS? ALL OTHER CITIZENS
WHO WAS THE LAST KING OF ROME? TARKINIUS SUPERBUS
IN WHAT CENTURY DEPOSED? IN 6 BC
REPUBLIC TYPE OF GOVERNMENT REPUBLIC
DURING THE POLITICAL POWER WAS SHARED BETWEEN _______________,_______________,______________ SENATE, MAGISTRATES AND LEGISLATIVE
WHAT WAS A SENATE? AN ASSEMBLY WITH THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES
MAGISTRATES: ELECTED POLITICIANS WHO GOVERNED FOR ONE YEAR
WHO WERE CONSULTS? PEOPLE WHO HELD MILITARY POWER
WHAT WERE THE THREE MILITARY POWERS? PRAETORS, AEDILES AND QUAESTORS
LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLIES: PEOPLE´S ASMEBLIES WICH VOTED FOR LAWS AND ELECTED MAGISTRATES
BETWEEN WHAT YEARS WERE THE PUNIC WARS? 264BC-146BC
WHERE WERE? ANGAIST CARTHAGINIANS
WHAT DID THEY CONTROLATED? WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION, EGYPT AND HISPANIA
BETWEEN WHAT CENTURYS WAS A PERIOD OF SOCIAL CONFLICT? 5BC - 3BC
AND WHAT HAPPENED? THE PATRICIANS HELD ALL THE POLITICAL POWER AND THE PLEBEIANS HAD NO POLITICAL RIGHTS. FINALLY THE PLEBEIANS FOUGHT FOR EQUAL RIGHTS
FOR WHAT WAS FORMED A PLEBEIAN TRIBUNAL? TO REPRESENT THE PLEBEIANS
WHAT´S WERE THE ACHIVMENTS? ALL PEOPLE WHO ACUMULATED DEBS WAS A SLAVE AND PLEBEIANS OBTAINED MORE POLITICAL RIGHTS
WAS RESOLVED SOCIAL CONFLICTS? NO
FOR WHAT PERSONS WAS GIVEN THE POWER? TO THE ARMY GENERALS
SAY THE NAME OF ONE GENERAL JULIUS CESAR
WHAT HE FORMED? A DICTATORSHIP
BY WHAT PERSONS WAS JULIUS CESAR ASSESINATED? IN WHAT YEAR? BY THE MEMBERS OF THE SENATE IN 44BC
WHAT CAUSE THE DEAD OF JULIUS CESAR? A CIVIL WAR
WHAT PERSONS DEFEATED JULIUS CESAR? OCTAVIAN AND MARK ANTHONY
ANOTHER CIVIL WAR APPEARED, WHO WIN AND TAKE THE ABSOLUTE POWER? OCTAVIAN
EMPIRE IN WHAT YEAR OCTAVIAN CHANGED HIS NAME? WHO WAS HIS NEW NAME? 27BC AUGUST
WHAT HE BACAME? THE FIRST EMPEROR OF ROME
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT THE EMPIRE
WHAT CONTROLLED THE EMPIRE? THE SENATE, THE ARMY, RELIGION, FOREIGN POLICY TAXES AND LAWS
THE HEIGHT OF THE EMPIRE BETWEEN WHAT CENTURIES WAS THE HEIGHT OF THE EMPIRE? BETWEEN 1 TO 3AD
IT WAS THE MOST _______________ PERIOD PROSPEROUS
WHAT CONQUERED THE EMPIRE? BRITANIA, JERUSALEM, MESOPOTAMIA AND DACIA (ROMANIA)
WHAT WAS THE PAX ROMANA? NAME GIVEN TO THIS PERIOD OF STABILITY
PERIOD OF ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DECLINE 3 AD
WHAT ATTACKED THE BARBARIANS? FROM THE NORTH OF EUROPE AND THE CENTR OF ASIA ATTACKED THE COUNDARIES OF THE EMPIRE
WHAT CAUSED POLITICAL CRISES? CIVIL WARS
WHAT FINANCE THE TAXIES? MILITARY CAMPAINGS
WHY DECREASED TRADE? BECAUSE OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY
AT THE END WHAT EMPEROR INTRODUCED REFORMS? DEOCLETIAN
HOW MANY GENERALS SHARED THE POWER? 3
THIS SYSTEM WAS CALLED A ____________ TETRARCHY
THE DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE NETWEEN WHAT CENTURIES WAS THE DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE? 4 AD - 5 AD
WHAT TRIBES CONTINUED ATTACKING THE NORTH? BARBARIANS
wHY WAS THE EMPIRE WEAKENED? BECAUSE OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY
WHAT EMPEROR TOLERATE CHRISTIANITY AND MOVED THE CAPITAL FROM ROME TO _______________? CONSTANTINE BYZANTIUM
WHAT WAS THE NEW NAME OF THE CITY? CONSTANTINOPLE
395 AD WHO WAS THE LAST EMPEROR OF ROME? THEODOSIUS
IN WHAT TWO PARTS DOES HE DIVIDE THE EMPIRE? THE WESTERM ROMAN EMPIRE (ROME) AND THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE (CONSTANTINOPLE)
HOW MANY EMPERORS WERE NOW? 2
THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN WHAT YEAR WAS CONQUERED WESTERM ROMAN EMPIRE? AND BY WHAT TRIBES? IN 476 AD BY THE GERMANIC TRIBES
LAST EMPEROR OF ROME ROMULUS AUGUSTULUS
WHO WAS THE NEW NAME OF EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE? BYZANTINE EMPIRE
WHAT MARKED THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE? THE END OF THE ANCIENT HISTORY AND THE BEGINING OF MIDDLE AGES
SOCIETY IN ANCIENT ROME ROMAN SOCIETY WAS __________ UNEQUAL
DIVIDED IN TWO GROUPS: FREE PEOPLE AND SLAVES
FREE PEOPLE: __________________, __________________, __________________, _________________ PATRICIANS, PLEBEIANS, FOREIGNERS AND THE FREEDD LIBERTY
PATRICIANS RICH NOBLE MINORITY WHO WERE POWERFUL AND OCCUPIED THE MOST IMPORTANT POSITIONS. THE SENATORS WERE THE MOST IMPORTANT PATRICIANS
PLEBEIANS MAJORITY OF FREE PEOPLE. INCLUIDED FARMERS, TRADERS, & CRAFTMEN. THEY EVENTUALLY OBTAINED ROMAN CITIZENSHIP AND COULD PARTICIPATE IN POLITICS AND JOIN IN THE ARMY
FOREIGNERS FREE PEOPLE WITH LIMITED RIGHTS
THE FREED-LIBERTY FORMER SLAVES WHO OBTAINED FREEDOM
SLAVES HAD NO RIGHTS. THEY WERE OWNED AND DID DOMESTIC WORK OR PHISICAL WORK IN AGRICULTURE, MINING, FAMING ETC
TEANT FARMERS PEOPLE WHO PAID MONEY TO A LANDOWNER TO USE PART OF THIS PERSON´S LAND
THE FAMILY AND WOMEN ROMAN SOCIETY WAS ________________ PARTRIARCHAL
WHAT PERSON COTROLLED EVERITHING? THE FATHER
WHAT HAD WOMAN? WOMEN HAD TOOBEY TTHEIR FATHER OR HUSBAND. THEY HAD NO POLITICAL RIGHTS, BUT THEY HAD MORE FREEDOM THAN WOMEN IN OTHER ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS
AND PLEBEIAN WOMEN? PLEBEIAN WOMEN HAD TO LOOK AFTER THEIR CHILDREN AND DO THE HOUSEWORK
AND PATRICIAN WOMEN? PATRICIAN WOMEN HAD MORE FREEDOM, ACCOMPANIED THEIR HUSBANDS TO EVENTS AND PARTICIPATED IN POLITICS.
WHO WERE THE ONLY CHILDREN EDUCATED? CHILDRENS OF THE RICH PEOPLE
ROMAN CITIES HOW WERE ROMAN CITIES? * WERE RECTANGULAR * WERE SURROUNDED BY WALLS * HAD TWO MAIN ROADS- CARDO (NORTH TO SOUTH) AND DECUMANUS (EAST TO WEST) * WERE BUILT ON A GRID PLAN * HAD FOUNTAINS * HAD SEWAGE SYSTEMS * HAD COBBLED STREETS * HAD THERMAL BATHS, A CIRCUS, AN AMPHITHEATRE, A THEATRE, STATUES OF EMPERORS AND IMPORTANT PEOPLE, TRIUMPHAL ARCHES AND COLUMNS, AN AQUEDUCT * HAD A FORUM
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
WHAT WAS A FORUM? FORUM= CENTRAL SQUARE WITH MAIN BUILDINGS AND MARKET MAIN BUILDINGS= CAPITOL (TEMPLE), CURIA (MEETING PLACE FOR CITY COUNCIL), BASILICA (ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING)
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
ROMAN HOUSES DOMUS * HOUSES FOR WEALTHY FAMILIES * ONE FLOOR WITH CENTRAL COURTYARD
INSULAE * BLOCK OF APARTMENTS FOR POOR PEOPLE * NO RUNNING WATER * FREQUENT FIRES * WORKSHOPS ON THE GROUND FLOOR
VILLA * FARMS IN COUNTRY FOR RICH FARMERS. THEY WERE SELF-SUFFICIENT AND INCLUDED THE LANDOWNER’S RESIDENCE, ROOMS FOR SLAVES, STORE ROOMS, AREAS FOR MACHINERY AND ANIMALS PENS.
WORK & LEISURE EXPLAI WHAT YOU KNOW * ROMANS STARTED WORK EARLY AND FINISHED AT MIDDAY * THE AFTERNOON WAS FOR LEISURE * LEISURE ACTIVITIES: 1. THERMAE 2. THEATRE 3. CIRCUS AND AMPHITHEATRE
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
IN HOW MANY AREAS WAS DIVIDED THERMAE? IN 2
PALESTRA: GYMNASIUM
PUBLIC BATHS: CALDARIUM- HOT BATHS, FRIGIDARIUM- COLD BATHS, TEPIDARIUM- WARM ROOM
ECONOMY IN ANCIENT ROME ECONOMY WAS BASED ON: ________________,______________,_____________ ECONOMY WAS BASED ON: AGRICULTURAL SLAVERY, CRAFTWORK AND TRADE
EXAMPLES * AGRICULTURE- WHEAT, GRAPES, OLIVE TREES, VEGETABLES AND LEGUMES
* FARMING- * FARMING- SHEEP, GOATS, DONKEYS AND HORSES
* MINING- * MINING- GOLD, SILVER, IRON, COAL, TIN, COPPER, LEAD, MERCURY, SALT (TO PRESERVE AND SEASON FOOD).
* TRADE- * TRADE- GOLD, CEREALS, HONEY, HORSES, OIL AND WINE FROM HISPANIA, MARBLE, GOLD, SLAVES, IVORY AND PRECIOUS STONES FROM AFRICA, SPICES, SILK AND PERFUME FROM ASIA, LEAD AND TIN FROM GREAT BRITAIN AND PAPYRUS FROM EGYPT.
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
* SLAVES WERE USED IN _____________,____________,______________ * SLAVES WERE USED IN AGRICULTURE, IN MINES AND IN CRAFTWORK
THE ROMANS INTRODUCED NEW TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES WHICH MADE _________________ MORE EFFICIENT AND INCREASED___________________. THE ROMANS INTRODUCED NEW TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES WHICH MADE AGRICULTURE MORE EFFICIENT AND INCREASED PRODUCTION.
NEW TOOLS: NEW TOOLS: PLOUGHS (PULLED BY OXEN), PRUNERS, SHEARS, SPADES, PICKS AND HOES.
FOR WHAT WERE USED THE MILLS? WERE USED TO GRIND CEREALS.
PRESSES: PRESSES: USED TO MAKE OIL AND WINE.
NEW TECHNIQUES: NEW TECHNIQUES: IRRIGATION, USE OF FERTILISER, CROP ROTATION AND LEAVING THE LAND FALLOW.
CRAFTWORK WHAT CRAFTWORKS WERE? METAL SMITHS , CARPENTERS, TANNERS, DYERS, SHOEMAKERS, SOLDERERS AND POTTERS.
ARTS & SCIENCE WHO WAS THE ROMAN EMPIRE´S LANGUAJE? LATIN
ARCHITECTURE HAD A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS: * THERE WAS A STRONG GREEK INFLUENCE (USE OF COLUMNS, PEDIMENTS AND SCULPTURE). * FOR ROMANS UTILITY WAS AS IMPORTANT AS DECORATION—UNLIKE FOR THE GREEKS—SO BUILDINGS WERE DESIGNED ACCORDING TO ITS USE. * THEY USED CURVED FEATURES, SUCH AS ARCHES AND VAULTS.
ROMANS BUILT DIFFERENT TYPES OF BUILDINGS IN THE CITIES: AQUEDUCT: AQUEDUCT: TOOK WATER TO THE CITIES. HAD ONE OR MORE TIERS OF ARCHES SUPPORTED BY PILLARS.
AMPHITHEATRE: AMPHITHEATRE: USED FOR GLADIATOR AND ANIMAL FIGHTS AND NAVAL COMBATS.
CIRCUS: CIRCUS: USED FOR CHARIOT RACES. IT WAS RECTANGULAR.
ROADS: ROADS: MADE OF SEVERAL LAYERS OF STONE WITH FLAT SLABS ON TOP.
BASILICA: BASILICA: USED FOR MEETINGS, TRIALS & COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES.
TRIUMPHAL ARCHES: TRIUMPHAL ARCHES: TO COMMEMORATE A MILITARY VICTORY OR AN IMPORTANT EVENT.
THEATRE: THEATRE: WHERE ACTORS PERFORMED COMEDIES OR TRAGEDIES. THEY WERE SEMICIRCULAR.
THERMAL BATHS: THERMAL BATHS: PUBLIC BATHS WITH DIFFERENT ROOMS WITH WATER AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES: FRIGIDARIUM, TEPIDARIUM & CALDARIUM.
BRIDGES: BRIDGES: HAD SEVERAL SEMICIRCULAR ARCHES SUPPORTED BY PILLARS.
TEMPLE: TEMPLE: RECTANGULAR OR CIRCULAR HOUSE OF THE GODS. LIKE THE GREEK TEMPLES, THEY HAD CORINTHIAN COLUMNS, PEDIMENT, CORNICE ETC.
Materials: Materials: Romans used stone, bricks, wood and mortar for construction.
Style: Style: Roman buildings were inspired by Greek architecture. They used semicircular arches, vaults, Ionic, Doric and Corinthian columns. They invented two new types of columns: The Tuscan column (Ionic with a base) and the composite column (Corinthian with acanthus leaves and scrolls on the capital)
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
GOOD OR BAD GOOD OR BAD
SCULPTURE TWO TYPES OF SCULPTURE: _______________ AND ___________________ SCULPTURE TWO TYPES OF SCULPTURE: PORTRAITS & HISTORICAL.
PORTRAITS: PORTRAITS: DEPICTED THE FACE OF A PERSON. PORTRAITS WERE EXTREMELY REALISTIC DURING THE REPUBLIC, IDEALISED DURING THE HEIGHT OF THE EMPIRE AND A LOT SIMPLER (realism was replaced by solemnity) DURING THE DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE.
HISTORICAL RELIEFS: HISTORICAL RELIEFS: DEPICTED IMPORTANT MILITARY VICTORIES ON TRIUMPHAL ARCHES AND VICTORY COLUMNS.
PAINTINGS PAINTINGS ROMANS USED PAINTING TO DECORATE BUILDINGS. THEY PAINTED LANDSCAPES, SCENES FROM MYTHOLOGY. IMITATED BLOCKS OF MARBLE.
MOSAICS MOSAICS THEY ALSO USED MOSAICS WITH GEOMETRIC DESIGNS OR SCENES FROM DAILY LIFE OR FROM MYTHOLOGY TO DECORATE BUILDINGS.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF ROMAN CULTURE: THERE ARE 4: LEGISLATION, PHILISOPHY, LITERATURE AND HISTORY
LEGISLATION: LEGISLATION: ROMANS DEVELOPED LAWS THAT FORM THE BASIS OF WESTERN LEGISLATION.
PHILOSOPHY: PHILOSOPHY: FAMOUS PHILOSOPHERS WERE CICERO & SENECA.
LITERATURE: LITERATURE: FAMOUS POET: VIRGIL (author of The Aeneid); FAMOUS PLAYWRIGHTS= PLAUTUS & TERENCE. ROMANS ENJOYED THEATRE & POETRY.
HISTORY: HISTORY: FAMOUS HISTORIANS- JULIUS CAESAR, TACITUS, PLUTARCH & LIVY.
THE ROMANS MADE IMPORTANT ADVANCES IN MEDICINE: THE ROMANS MADE IMPORTANT ADVANCES IN MEDICINE: CLAUDIUS GALENUS (GALEN) – A FAMOUS DOCTOR, SURGEON AND PHILOSOPHER. HE WAS AN EXPERT IN ANATAMONY, PHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY, NEUROLOGY AND MANY OTHER FIELDS.
ROMANS USED THE JULIAN CALENDAR= DEVELOPED BY________________________(which only had ______________________ months). ROMANS USED THE JULIAN CALENDAR: DEVELOPED BY JULIUS CAESAR (which only had ten months).
LATIN: LATIN: MANY LANGUAGES TODAY ORIGINATE FROM LATIN (SPANISH, PORTUGUESE, ITALIAN, FRENCH AND CATALAN FOR EXAMPLE)
CHRISTIANITY: CHRISTIANITY: THE OFFICIAL RELIGION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS INTRODUCED IN THE COUNTRIES WHICH WERE PART OF THE EMPIRE.
GERMANIC PEOPLE GERMANIC PEOPLE SETTLED NEAR THE RIVER ________ AND THE RIVER _________. GERMANIC PEOPLE SETTLED NEAR THE RIVER RHINE AND THE RIVER DANUBE.
THEY LIVED IN _________________ NEAR ________ AND ________. THEY LIVED IN VILLAGES NEAR LAKES AND RIVERS.
THEY WERE ORGANIZED INTO ____________. THEY WERE ORGANIZED INTO TRIBES.
IN TIMES OF WAR THEY HAD A ____________ ____________. IN TIMES OF WAR THEY HAD A TRIBAL CHIEF.
THEY LIVED FROM ____________, __________________ ______________ AND _______________________. THEY LIVED FROM HUNTING, LIVESTOCK FARMING AND AGRICULTURE.
THEY MOVED FROM PLACE TO PLACE WHEN THE LAND WAS _________________. THEY MOVED FROM PLACE TO PLACE WHEN THE LAND WAS EXHAUSTED.
THEY PRODUCED SIMPLE DECORATIVE OBJECTS LIKE _________________ AND _________ BUCKLES. THEY PRODUCED SIMPLE DECORATIVE OBJECTS LIKE BROOCHES AND BELT BUCKLES.
______ C AD GERMANIC TRIBES BEGAN TO INVADE THE ROMAN EMPIRE. THE GERMANIC TRIBES INCLUDED THE (VANDALS, THE ALANS, THE VISIGOTHS, THE SUEBIS, THE ANGLES, THE SAXONS AND THE FRANKS). 3RD C AD GERMANIC TRIBES BEGAN TO INVADE THE ROMAN EMPIRE. THE GERMANIC TRIBES INCLUDED THE (VANDALS, THE ALANS, THE VISIGOTHS, THE SUEBIS, THE ANGLES, THE SAXONS AND THE FRANKS).
THE BARBARIANS CONQUERED THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE IN ______AD. THE BARBARIANS CONQUERED THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE IN 476AD.
THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE SURVIVED UNTIL ________. IT WAS CALLED THE ___________________ EMPIRE AND THE CAPITAL WAS ____________________ (FORMERLY BYZANTIIUM AND NOW CALLED _______________) THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE SURVIVED UNTIL 1453. IT WAS CALLED THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND THE CAPITAL WAS CONSTANTINOPLE (FORMERLY BYZANTIIUM AND NOW CALLED ISTAMBUL)
RELIGION ROMANS WERE _________________. ROMANS WERE POLYTHEISTS.
THEY WORSHIPPED THE GODS IN ______________. THEY WORSHIPPED THE GODS IN TEMPLES.
LARES: LARES: SPIRITS THAT PROTECTED THE HOUSE AND FAMILY
PENATES: PENATES: GODS THAT HELPED THE FAMILY TO OBTAIN RESOURCES
MANES: MANES: SPIRITS OF THE DECEASED
GENIUS: GENIUS: A SPIRIT THAT PROTECTED INDIVIDUALS FROM BIRTH
WHAT´S ARE THE 4 NAMES IN TOTAL? LARES PENATES MANES GENIUS
IN WHAT CENTURY CHRISTIANITY APPEARED? IN 1 AD
WHAT SIMBOLS DO THE CHRISTIANS USE? THE GOOD SHEPHERD, ANCHORS AND FISH
WERE THEY BURIED TO THE DEAD PERSONS? THEY BURIED THE DEAD IN UNDERGROUND TOMS CALLED CATACOMBS.
IN WHAT YEAR THE EMPEROR CONSTANTINE ALLOWED CHRISTIANS TO PRACTISE CHRISTIANITY? IN 313 AD
WHAT EMPEROR DECLARE THE CHRISTIANITY THE OFFICIAL RELIGION? AND IN WHAT YEAR? THEODOSIUS IN 380 AD
END END
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