Flashcards
LIPID PROFILE
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1BLOOD LIPID METABOLISMCho and TG are insoluble particles and must be packaged into lipoproteins in order to circulate in the plasma, permitting the lipoprotein particles to be transported in the circulation.
- 2APOLIPOPROTEÍNASApolipoporteínas (apo) tales como apoB, apo C y apo E, coat lipoprotein particles and in this functions including the transport of lipids in the blood and recognition of lipoprotein particles by enzymes with process or remove lipids from the lipoprotein particles.
- 3CHYLOMICRONSAre produced in the intestinal lumen following the absorption of digested fat.
They are the largest lipoprotein and are rich in triglycerides.
Are transported in the blood to tissues as skeletal muscle, fat, and the liver. - 4LPLHydrolyzes TG in the chylomicrons into free-fatty acids:
- Stored in adipose tissue
- Oxidized in the liver
-Oxidized by the muscle cells to generate energy
- Used in hepatic VLDL synthesis - 5VLDL - CParticle similar to chy.
Is synthesized from free-fatty acids formed of chy in the liver, undergoes hydrolysis by capillary LPL to provide fatty acids to adipose and muscle tissue.
Transportador del hígado a cualquier otro órgano, en la mayoría esta formado por TG - 6LDL - CCarry the majority of the cho in the blood, supplying cho in cells.
Entre más LDL, más riesgo de ECV, más TG, contiene más éster que cho. Susceptible a la modificación oxidativa. Las células periféricas utilizan el cho LDL para la estructura de la membrana celular y la producción de hormonas. - 7IDLIDL is then converted to LDL by enzymatic action of hepatic lipase or is taken up by The liver via the IDL receptor.
cuando pierde TG, (se forma al final) puede regresar al hígado y formar LDL - 8Índice aterogénicosCalcula el LDL, HDL para calcular que riesgo tienes de infarto.
- No debe aparecer chy en el estudio
-Arriba de 240 en colesterol, ya se trata con medicamento y dieta
-Pancreatitis arriba de 500 en colesterol - 9HDL - CIncreased levels - decreased risk for coronary disease
Reduced HDL levels - increase risk.
Facilitate the transfer of chofrom atherogenic lipoproteins and peripheral tissues to the liver. - 10EXOGENOUS PATHWAY
- 11EXOGENOUS PATHWAY Chys - chylomicrons TG - Triglicéridos1. Following digestion and absorption, fat and cholesterol are packaged in the GI and are assembled to form Chys
2. The Chys head into the bloodstream.
3. In the blood, circulating chys interact at the capillaries of adipose tissue and muscle cells releasing TG to the adipose tissue to be stored and available for the body's energy needs. The enzyme (Lipoprotein Lipase) LPL hydrolyzes the TG and free-fatty acids are released, which allows fats to be absorbed in the form of fatty acids (it breaks down TG)
4. Some of the components of the chys are "repackaged" into other lipoproteins, for example, some apolipoproteins are transferred to HDL,
5. The Chys are now smaller & called Chyls Remnants
6. Then travel to the liver & are removed by the binding of apoE to their Remnant Receptor
Metabolismo - comida, chy, hígado a sangre - 12ENDOGENOUS PATHWAY
- 13ENDOGENOUS PATHWAY Cho - Cholesterol1. Fat & Cho arriving at the Liver or newly synthesized is repackaged into VLDL’s
2. VLDL’s enter the bloodstream between meals & head out to the peripheral tissues.
3. VLDL’s meet tissues expressing LPL (muscle & adipose) & release glycerol & fatty acids.
4. After the VLDL has lost most of it’s fats it becomes smaller & is known as an IDL.
5. Empty HDL is produced as a bi-product – can collect LDL from periphery
6. IDL’s are absorbed from the blood by the liver.
7. They are then broken down by Hepatic Lipase into LDL’s (TG removed)
8. LDL’s have a relatively high cho content with little fatty acids or glycerol
9. LDL circulates & is absorbed by various tissues via binding to LDL receptors
10. Any excess LDL is taken up by the liver via LDL receptors
Metabolismo - De ác. grasos se forman TG. VLDL, IDL, LDL, tejido. - 14REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT PATHWAY
- 15REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT PATHWAY Cho - CholesterolEl colesterol se elimina de los tejidos y se devuelve al hígado - HLD es la lipoproteína implicada
1. When there is too much cho in peripheral tissue the ABCA1 receptor becomes activated
2. HDL interacts with this receptor & collects cho returning it to the liver
3. This can help prevent ATHEROSCELROSIS
HDL, al tejido, al hígado, metaboliza lípidos - 16LIPID PROFILEA good indicators as prognostic and diagnostic tools in analyzing the risk of subject who is likely to have a heart attack or stroke.
Evaluates a person’s blood lipid status quantitatively. - 17ATHEROESCLEROSISEndurecimiento de arterias
- 18CLASSICAL STANDARD LIPID Ayuno 10 -12 hrsIn order to improve prevention and treatment of the disease:
Total Cho, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG
uring treatment of lipid disorders, is checked regularly to evaluate the lipid response to the treatment.
EL LDL - C = ecuación Firedawald - 19CHOLESTEROL - BASED LIPID PROFILELa principal diferencia con el P. estándar es la adición de no HDL-C como una medida, se resta el C del HDL.
It is composed of LDL-C, plus VLDL-C, plus the tiny amounts of cho carried by lipoprotein-a [LP(a)]. It is the sum of all cho in apo-B containing lipoproteins. - 20APOLIPOPROTEIN - BASED LIPID PROFILE Because TG are not included, it can be taken during the dayAlthough the apolipoproteins are proteins, is nevertheless called a lipid profile because apolipoprotein are measures of lipoprotein.
- apoB, apoA-I, Ratio apoB/apoA-I - 21APO BProvides an estimate of the number of circulating atherogenic lipoprotein particles containing apoB (VLDL, IDL, LDL, and Lp(a).
- 22APO A-IIs the major apolipoprotein of HDL.
Gives an approximate measure of the amount of circulating protective HDL. - 23TRIGLICÉRIDOS ALTOSFalla renal crónica
DM 2- intolerancia a clucosa
Obesidad
Hiporitoidismo
Medicamentos antihipertensivos
Estrogenos por administración oral
Tratamiento por VIH - 24COLESTEROL ALTOHipotiroidismo
Nefrosis
Tratamiento anabólico de esteroides
Tratamiento por VIH - 25COLESTEROL BAJOMalnutrición calórica o proteínica
Enfermedades hepáticas
Hipertiroidismo
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- Nutrición Flashcards on LIPID PROFILE , created by Nancy Nathaly Cruz Resendiz on 24/04/2017.
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