Flashcards
B5 - Growth and Deveolopment
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1How many different bases does DNA have?4- Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Thymine
- 2Which bases tend to pair together?A - T
C - G - 3What is a gene?a section of DNA containing the instructions for one particular protein
- 4What are proteins made of?chains of amino acids
- 5Describe how the order of bases in a gene determine the protein that is madeEach set of triplets (three consecutive bases) code for one specific amino acid
- 6Where in the cell are genes found?In the nucleus
- 7Where in the cell are proteins made?organelles in the cytoplasm called ribosomes
- 8What is messenger RNA used for?It creates a copy of the bases within the nucleus
It then takes them out to the ribosomes where it makes a protein - 9During cell growth does the number of chromosomes double or half?Firstly, they duplicate so that there are two genetically identical parts to them
Then they half or split apart as the cell splits - 10Mitosis or Meiosis?: It's purpose is to provide new cells for growth and repairMitosis
- 11Mitosis or Meiosis?: It's purpose is to create gametes (sex cells)Meiosis
- 12Mitosis or Meiosis?: The cells produced are genetically identicalMitosis
- 13Mitosis or Meiosis?: The cells produced contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cellMeiosis
- 14What's the name of the cell produced when two gametes combine?A zygote
- 15In a human embryo, all cells are undifferentiated until what stage?the eight cell stage
- 16How are stem cells in an embryo different to those in an adult?Embryonic stem cells are more versatile and can turn into any type of cell (whereas adult cells can't as easily)
- 17What determines the type of cell a stem cell becomes?When specialising certain genes 'switch off'
-the genes that are active determine the type of cell a stem cell specialises into - 18Describe how cloning could be used to make embryonic stem cells.A nucleus from a body cell is inserted into an empty egg cell
Under the right conditions, the genes in the nucleus can be reactivated and produce stem cells
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- Unit B5 flashcards from the CGP revision guide for your GCSE biology exam :D
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- blairzy123
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