Flashcards
Chapter 7: Human Relations
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1object relations theoristsseek to understand interaction between intrapsychic dynamics and interpersonal relationships
- object relations = experience of early relationships w others - 2relational-cultural theory- perspective for understanding of human beings suggest by a group of women scholars
- has enormous potential to reshape our understanding
- emphasizes the interpsychic experience of relationships or connects/disconnections that occur between people in relationships - 3object- the aim of relational needs in human development
- objects = primarily people (primary caretaker, significant others, etc. - can also be things like teddy bears, blankets, etc.) - 4Melanie Klein - background- proposed drives are psychological forces that seek people as their objects
- described how children split objects into good and bad aspects in effort to retain good ones as part of self while eliminating bad ones by projecting them onto others - 5splittingway for children to treat an internalized object as clearly good or bad while continuing to trust and love the actual external person who's an intricate combination of both
- 6Markaret Mahler - background- explored processes of separation and individuation by which child emerges from symbiotic or intimate fusion w mother and assumes individual characteristics
- biological birth of an infant and psychological birth of an indiv. are not the same - 7separation-individuationprocess that begins around fourth month and leads to formation of stable self-concept near end of third year
- separation implies physical differentiation and separateness from one's primary caregiver
- individuation suggests psychological growth away from one's primary caregiver and toward one's unique identity - 8separation-individuation process- 4 stages
- differentiation: development of a body image separate from that of the mother (5-9 months)
- practicing: perfecting motor abilities and developing physical independence (10-14 months)
- rapprochement: increased awareness of separateness from its mother w an accompanying sensitivity to her absence that expresses a conflict between urge to separate and the fear of loss and a recognition that mothers have both good and bad aspects (14-24 months)
- consolidation: unification of good and bad in mother w image of her a a separate entity in external world (2-3 years) - 9self-theory- by Heinz Kohut
- 10mirroredchildren need to be mirrored - to have their talk and their accomplishments acknowledged, accepted, and praised
- 11idealizationlittle kids believe they're omnipotent and idealize their parents - this enables them to develop goals
- 12nuclear selfpreliminary core self - emerges in second year
- bipolar - the two poles create tension arc that fosters development of early skills and talents - 13autonomous selfhas qualities of self-esteem and self-confidence; establishes both general ambition and precise goals and develops talents and skills in order to meet those goals
- shows healthy independence and flexibility to interpersonal relations - 14narcissism and narcissistic chraracter- disorders that occur when indiv. fails to develop an independent sense of self
- 15Otto Kernberg- agrees w S. Freud and Kohut that many people who suffer from narcissistic disorders have parents who were indifferent, cold, and subtly hostile and vengeful toward them
- believes narcissists are unable to trust others and are therefore powerless to depend on others - 16borderline personality disorder- serious mental illness more common than schizophrenia or bipolar disorder but less well known
- people = unable to engage in introspection, develop insight, and work through problems
- frequently have strong mood swing and are inclined to see significant others in their lives as all good or all bad
- display oral tendencies such as dependency needs or incorporative style but also powerful aggressive tendencies particularly w reference to their Oedipal struggles - 17transference-focused psychotherapy- Kernberg's method of treatment
- complete transference neurosis = not allowed to develop
- transference = not resolved through interpretation alone
- therapist clearly depicts and discusses patient's seeming distortions of reality (such as distorted view of therapist) - 18reproduction of motheringprocess by which mother-daughter relationships instills in daughter maternal capacities and a desire to take on mother role in future relationships
- 19relational-cultural theorydeveloped to understand women's experience in psychology
- 20connectionsbasic origins of growth and development in relational-cultural theory
- 21disconnectionsbreak that happens when we can't connect w others in mutually empathetic relationships
- 22relationship-differentiationprocess that entails increasing levels of complexity w/in framework of human relationships
- 23mutualityway of relating and sharing in which all participants are fully participating
- 24empathyentails experiencing feelings and thoughts of another while simultaneously knowing one's own different feelings and thoughts
- 25mirror neurons- enable us to mimic other people's emotions and actions
- help us sense what other people intend so we can shape our responses to them
- contribute to a felt sense of connection
Information
- Description
- Flashcards on Chapter 7: Human Relations, created by Juliana Ayala Garcilazo on 27/09/2017.
- Created by
- Juliana Ayala Garcilazo
- Views
- 0
- Rating