Flashcards
chemistry ch2
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Chromatographythe separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor through a medium in which the components move at different rates.
- 2Elementis composed of atoms that have the same atomic number, that is, each atom has the same number of protons in its nucleus as all other atoms.
- 3Mixtureis a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.
- 4Alkali metalany of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group IA (1) of the periodic table. They are very reactive, electropositive, monovalent metals forming strongly alkaline hydroxides.
- 5Halogenany of the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, occupying group VIIA (17) of the periodic table. They are reactive nonmetallic elements that form strongly acidic compounds with hydrogen, from which simple salts can be made.
- 6Noble gasany of the gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, occupying Group 0 (18) of the periodic table. They were long believed to be totally unreactive but compounds of xenon, krypton, and radon are now known.
- 7Periodic tablea table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure
- 8Atomic radiusis a measure of the size of its atoms
- 9Ionic radiusis the measure of an atom's ion in a crystal lattice
- 10compounda thing that is composed of two or more separate elements.
- 11heterogeneous mixtureany combination of substances that does not have uniform composition and properties; a mixture of physically distinct substances with different properties.
- 12pure substanceas substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule
- 13alkaline earth metalany of the elements beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium, occupying Group IIA (2) of the periodic table. They are reactive, electropositive, divalent metals, and form basic oxides that react with water to form comparatively insoluble hydroxides.
- 14lanthanidesany of the series of fifteen metallic elements from lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table.
- 15nonmetalan element or substance that is not a metal.
- 16semimetal (metalloid)is any chemical element which has properties in between those of metals and nonmetals, or that has a mixture of them.
- 17electron affinityas the amount of energy released or spent when an electron is added to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.
- 18ionization energyis the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion
- 19distillationthe action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.
- 20homogeneous mixtureis simply any mixture that is uniform in composition throughout.
- 21actinidesany of the series of fifteen metallic elements from actinium (atomic number 89) to lawrencium (atomic number 103) in the periodic table.
- 22group(family)is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements
- 23metalAny chemical element that is an effective conductor of electricity and heat
- 24period(row)is the name given to a horizontal row of the periodic table
- 25transition metalany of the set of metallic elements occupying a central block in the periodic table
- 26electronegativityis a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the most commonly used.
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- Flashcards on chemistry ch2 , created by Lyndsey Arny on 04/10/2017.
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