Flashcards
Introduction to Research
Cards in this deck (68)
- 1Scientific attitudehaving a correct independent attitude, knowledge & skills to conduct research
- 2Domain'area' that is relevant to your research
- 3Elementspeople/ objects that you make a statement about as a result of your research
- 4Fundamental ResearchResearch that adresses theoretical questions
- 5Applied researchResearch that addresses practical questions
- 6QualitativeResearch not based on numerical information
- 7QuantitativeResearch based on numerical information
- 8Holisma study or method of treatment that is concerned with wholes or with complete systems
- 9InductiveTheory development
- 10DeductiveTheory testing
- 11IterativeRepeated data collection and analysis until the central question can be solved
- 12TriangulalationMixed method approach
- 13Paradigma framework containing the basic assumptions, ways of thinking, and methodology that are commonly accepted by members of a scientific community.
- 14Empirical analytical approachAn approach that mesures behaviour objectively, leaving nothing to chance and aproaches processes rationality
- 15Interpretative approaches• Looking for an interpretation, the way people perceive situations and circumstances
• Qualitative analysis
• Popular for anthropology (living with research objects) - 16Critical - emancipatory• Contribute to social processes that lead to greater emancipation among certain groups
• Observation and intervention
• Action research e.g. case study
• Making people freer (Marxism approach) - 17Independent attitudeDisregard the attitudes and opinions of those involved in the research; safeguard objectivity.
- 18IntersubjectivityResearchers among themselves agree about the research results
- 19FalsifiabilityStatements can be tested for their validity (systematic arrow)
- 20InformativityStatements are formulated accurately and specifically so that they can be tested for validity
- 21GeneralisabilityThe scope of your research, both in terms of content and statistics.
- 22PTA outlineProblem, Theory, Analysis: outline for solving theory related questions
- 23Empirical cycle
- 24ReliabilityThe extent to which research is free of random errors
- 25ValidityThe extent to which research is free of system errors.
- 26Preliminary researchGathering information to familiarise yourself with the research topic
- 27Big6 - Research method1. task definition
2. Choose correct search strategy
3. Decide where you look
4. Study information and select what you need
5. Organise information to answer question/ organise problem
6. Evaluate results - 28LogbookResearch journal
- 29Analysisthis process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its essential features and their relations
- 30Assertiona positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason
- 31Problem descriptionresearch objective and central question
- 32ObjectiveThe purpose of the researcher ( for researcher, organisation, client)
- 33Sub-questionA number of sub-question which together form the central question
- 34Concept demarcationEstablished what you mean by certain concepts
- 35Stipulative meaningDefinition of a concept for a specific research project
- 36HypothesesTestable expectation about findings of your research
- 37RelationshipX --> Y
- 38(Conceptual) modelSimplified reflection of reality in which (within the domain) the most important concepts of the research and the expected relationship between these concepts are shown.
- 39Causal relationshipthe effect of one variable on another (X --> Y)
- 40Research planA proposal showing the procedure you intend to follow in your research that includes the results of your preliminary research
- 41Design choiceThe data collection method that you have chosen which is included in the research plan
- 42Timelineoutline showing the milestones of your research included in your research plan.
- 43OperationalisationFrom concept to question
- 44Peer examination - or feedbackAssessment by other researchers or fellow students.
- 45Cross-sectionalResearch at a particular point in time
- 46LongitudinalResearch over a longer period of time, with more than one assessment moment
- 47SampleA segment of a population that you (maybe selected randomly) asked to participate in your research
- 48Likert scalelists of questions about the same subject (concept) that have a limited number of possible answers
- 49RespondentsPeople that take part in surveys involving questionnairs
- 50Panel surveyA survey done on a regular basis about various subjects and using a panel of people who have enrolled before hand.
- 51Secondary analysisResearch based on existing data
- 52Meta-analysisRe-analysis of a larger number of database or texts
- 53Laboratory or unbaised experimentAssessing the effects of experiemnt variables on subjects, in a situation that can be controlled as far as possible, free from outside interference
- 54Internal validityThe extent to which the correct conclusion can be drawn
- 55SubjectsParticipants in an experimental research project
- 56Data collection method randomisationThe way in which you collect data
- 57Random assignment of subjects to conditionsA proposal showing the procedure you intend to follow in your research that includes the results of your preliminary research
- 58PretestMeasuring of characteristics at the start of the experiment.
- 59PosttestMeasuring of characteristics at the end of the experiment
- 60Experimental and control groupsAn experimental setting in which two groups are used, one that is exposed to the experimental variable and one that is not
- 61Placebo effectSubjects who are not given the active ingredient, but are of the opinion that they can notice a difference suffer from the placebo effect
- 62Double blind testingThe subjects, as well as the researchers, do not know which group they will be put into
- 63Test effectResearch participants react differently because they are taking part in research
- 64Solomon four group designSpecial experimental setting consisting of four groups
- 65Quasi-experiment or field experiementExperiments that use 'existing groups'; not a pure experiement (not done in laboratory)
- 66MonitorData collection on the development of a particular phenomenon using questionnaires more than once, and generally on a regular basis
- 67VariablesThe characteristics of the unit that you are assessing in your research
- 68Operationalization
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- Description
- Introduction to research approaches and methods.
- Created by
- Martita K
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