Flashcards
Chemistry - Particle Model & Atomic Structure
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1When is an ion formed?An ION is formed when an element GAINS OR LOSES ELECTRONS
- 2State the temperature of boiling point and melting pointBoiling point - 100 degrees
Melting point - 0 degrees - 3What happens to the temperature of a substance when it is changing state?The temperature remains constant as the energy is being used to break or make bonds
- 4What happens to the molecules when gaseous water cools?The molecules slow down as they lose kinetic energy and a liquid is forms
- 5What are the limitations of the particle model?It doesn't show:
1) The forces and attractions between particles
2) The size of the particles
3) The space between the particles - 6Describe the atomHas a positively charged nucleus, surrounded by shells that have negative charged electrons
- 7Describe the nucleusIt is made up of neutrons (neutral) and protons(positive charge)
- 8Why does an atom have an overall neutral charge?Because the charges of the proton (positive) and electrons (negative) cancel each other out
- 9What is an isotope?Atoms of the same element that have:
- The same atomic
- A different mass number because of the different number of neutrons
E.g carbon-12, carbon-13, carbon-14 - 10What is a mass number?The TOTAL NUMBER of PROTONS and NEUTRONS in an atom
- 11What is an atomic number?The number of PROTONS in an atom
- 12What did John Dalton suggest about the atomic model?- All atoms of an element are identical
- Different element contain different types of atom - 13DTRB stand for....Dalton
Thomson
Rutherford
Bohr - 14What did Thomson suggest?- Discovered the first subatomic model, the electron
- Atoms contain electrons
-Atoms are neutral overall - 15What did Thomson find in his 'cathode ray' experiment?-He found that beams of 'cathode rays' changed direction in electric and magnet fields.
-He said that cathode rays were tiny particles that were negatively charged and much smaller that atoms - 16What model did Thomson use?The PLUM PUDDING MODEL
Thomson suggest that atoms are spheres of positive charge with electrons dotted around the inside - 17What did Rutherford suggest about the atom model?- An atom has an overall charge nucleus
- Electrons that orbit the nucleus - 18What was Rutherford's experiment?Ernest Rutherford and assistants, Geiger and Marsden fired positively charged particles (alpha particles) at thin gold
- 19What was discovered through Rutherford's experiment?They discovered that the atom has a dense centre (the nucleus). The scientist expected the particles to go straight through but many of them had change direction due to hitting something (the nucleus)
- 20What did Bohr suggest about the particle model?- Bohr realise the orbiting electrons would be attracted to the oppositely charged nucleus and would rapidly spiral inwards
- Using mathematical methods he corrected Rutherford's method
-Bohr showed that electrons occupied energy levels or orbits - 21—
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- Chemistry C1 Flashcards on Chemistry - Particle Model & Atomic Structure, created by MK JK on 26/10/2017.
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