Flashcards
Learning (Chp 7)
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1Associative LearningLearning to associate one stimulus with another stimulus
- 2Cognitive Process in Classical ConditioningTemporal relations between CS and UCS, not just contiguity, are important for learning
- 3Cognitive Processes in CC ConclusionsContingency between the CS and the UCS do not need to be perfect, but somewhat reliable
- 4Biological Predispositions in CClaws of learning were similar for
all animals-- a pigeon and a person do not differ in basic learning processes. - 5Biological Predispositions in Humans ConclusionsAdaptive pressures from early hominid natural environments created brains that are ready to learn fears of snakes and spiders, which posed real threats
- 6Operant ConditioningStrength of a behavior or response is strengthened by a reward or punishment
- 7Positive Reinforcement (Operant conditioning)Add a desirable stimulus
(paycheck, hug) - 8Negative Reinforcement (Operant conditioning)Remove an aversive stimulus
(Seatbelt to turn off beeping) - 9Positive Punishment (Operant conditioning)Administer an aversive stimulus
(Spanking, parking ticket) - 10Negative Punishment (Operant conditioning)Withdraw a desirable stimulus
(Time out, revoked driver's license) - 11Shaping (Operant conditioning)Reinforcers guide behavior towards desired target behavior through the cement of successive approximations
- 12Discriminative StimulusTells organism whether reinforcement available to not
(grandma's candy bowl) - 13GeneralizationPerson responds to discriminative stimulus similar to those already guiding behaviors
(candy bowls in the homes of people other than grandma) - 14Primary Reinforcerand innately reinforcing stimulus like food or drink
- 15Conditioned ReinforcerA learned reinforcer that gets its reinforcing power through association with the primary reinforcer
- 16Immediate ReinforcerA reinforcer that occurs instantly after a behavior (rat gets food pellet for a bar press)
- 17Delayed ReinforcerA reinforcer that is delayed in time for a certain behavior
(Paycheck at the end of the week) - 18Continuous ReinforcementReinforces the desired response each time it occurs
- 19Partial ReinforcementReinforces a response only a part of the time
- 20Fixed ratio scheduleReinforces a réponse after a specified number of responses
(piecework pay) - 21Variable Ratio ScheduleReinforces a réponse after an unpredictable number of responses (Gambling, fishing)
- 22Fixed-interval scheduleReinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed (Preparing for an exam only when the exam draws close)
- 23Variable interval ScheduleReinforces a responses at unpredictable time intervals
(pop quiz) - 24Mirror Neuronsactive in the brains of animals and humans during observational learning
- 25—
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- Flashcards on Learning (Chp 7), created by Abby Villa on 08/11/2017.
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- Abby Villa · Nov 2017
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- Nov 8, 2017
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