Flashcards
lecture 4
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- 1Define and explain motivationThere are many things that drive our behaviour, however, motivations has 3 functions:
1. to act
2. direct behaviour
3. sustain effort
and it consists of initiation, direction, intensity and persistence - 2Explain the 2 need theories1. Maslow's heirarchy of needs
2. McClelland: achievement, power, affiliation (we are driven by the desire to fulfil these needs - and when aligned with jobs these can lead to success) - 3Explain the behaviour based theories1. Reinforcement theory - positive reinforcement vs. negative reinforcement (punishment is not effective for performance; this theory is criticised because it ignores intrinstic motivation)
2. Extrinsic/intrinsic motivation - needs to be a balance of both
3. Goal-setting theory - the idea is to keep increasing the goal as the person reaches it (motivation can come from structure) - 4Explain the job design theories1. 2-factor theory: job satisfaction is different from job dissatisfaction, therefore, the removal of dissatisfying things does not result in satisfaction
- 5Explain equity theoryThis theory claims that motivation is about a perceived inequity, and an aim to create equity with a referent other (generally based on over-reward and under-reward inequity)
HOWEVER, it is not realistic to compare yourself to others, therefore, there are 3 options: Change ourselves, change the environment, or leave - 6Explain Expectancy theoryThe belief that if you invest some effort in, you will get some level of performance increase, or performance appraisal increase (examines how likely this is to occur, how desirable the outcome is)
NOTE: guidance affects the goal seeking loop
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- Applications of Psychology (Organisational psych) Flashcards on lecture 4, created by amanda_211 on 11/08/2014.
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