GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

federalism

niamh bergin government of the USA A level English 48 cards

Cards in this deck (48)

  1. 1define federalisma theory of gov by which political power is divided between a national gov and state gov each having their own area of substantive jurisdiction
  2. 2federalism involves a degree of whatdecentralisation
  3. 3define decentralisationthe principal by which gov and political power is vested not only in the federal gov but also in the state gov
  4. 4a number of factors in the latter part of the 19th century and the first 2/3 of the 20th century, led to whatincreased role of federal gov
  5. 5how did population growth increase the role of the federal govthe population grew from just under 4 million 1790 to 275 million by 200 - a growing nation required management by growing government
  6. 6how did industrialisation increase the role of the fed govas it brought the need for gov regulation - federal executive departments of commerce and labor were formed in 1903
  7. 7how did improvements in communication increase the role of the fed govas the increase in communication allowed the federal gov to contact the masses through radio and tv
  8. 8how did the great depression increase the role of the fed govwhen great depression hit in 1929 the states looked at the fed gov to help, the state gov didn't posses the resources to reverse huge levels of unemployment put in schemes or rescue agriculture from dust bowls - Franklin Roosevelt's new deal helped the usa get back to it
  9. 9how did foreign policy increase the role of federal govwith the onset of WW2 the usa stepped as a world superpower and the federal gov - fed gov found its role enhanced
  10. 10how did supreme court decisions increse the role of fed govDecisions made by the supreme court especially between 1937 + 1970 - the court adopted a more wxpansive meaning to the powers allocated to congress
  11. 11how did constitutional amendments increase the role of the federal govone of the 3 post-civil war - the 14th changed dramatically the federal govs relationship with the states
  12. 12explain how the 14th amendment has increased the role of federal govfor the first time, the constitution had been amended to impose prohibitions directly on state govs - 2 requirements 'due process' and 'equal protection'
  13. 13the passage of what other amendment gave federal gov more powerthe 16th amendment - the gov could impose income tax
  14. 14phases of federalism : name the 3- dual federalism 1780s - 1920s
    - cooperative federalism -1930s - 1960s
    -new federalism 1970s -1990s
  15. 15in the 1780s - 1920s the phase of federalism = dual federalism - explain itdual federalism focused on the states' rights
  16. 16explain states' rightsthis is literally the rights, powers and duties of the state govs, used as a term to denote opposition to increasing national governments power at the expense of that of the states - states rights advocates call for an interpretation of the c that places limits on the implied powers of fed gov
  17. 17in the 1930s - 1960s the phase of federalism = cooperative federalism explain itfollowing the events of the wall street crash and the great depression > increase in power and scope of federal gov > more use of categorical grants > new deal
  18. 18what are categorical grants and in the clinton era how much money was given to the statesschemes by which it was able to stipulate how federal tax dollars were used by the states - clinton era = federal gov gave over $200billion - over which 90% of which went in the form of categorical grants
  19. 19new federalism - 1970s - 1990s explain itan approach to federalism characterised by a return of certain powers and responsibilities from the federal gov to state gov - seen to reverse the growth of the federal government under successive Democrat presidents
  20. 20who is new federalism closely associated toRichard Nixon and Ronald Reagan
  21. 21what did this era saw the rise of ? and explain them?block grants - money given tot states by federal gov to be used at their discretion within broad policy areas
  22. 22who said " the era of big government is over" and what do they meanDemocrat president Bill clinton's state union address and that the big federal government and clintons liberalism is over
  23. 23why was federalism under George W. Bush unsualas he was a republican people presumed that he would continue shrinking the size of federal government and decentralization but instead he increased it
  24. 24George W. Bush presided over the largest overall increase in what?inflation-adjusted government spending since Lyndon Johnsons 'great society' programme
  25. 25president bush oversaw and created the new department for ????Homeland and security
  26. 26total federal government spending increased by what % in Bush's first term33
  27. 27what were the 4 policy areas which accounted for this expansion of federal government under Bush1. education
    2. Medicare
    3. Homeland Security
    4. national defence
  28. 28education was the first policy area which saw an increase in federal spending - who was the previous republican president before bush and his father and what did he pledge to do that was differentRonald Reagan who 20 years earlier arrived in Washington with a pledge not to expand federal gov involvement in ed. but to abolish the Department of Education
  29. 29education played what role in George. W. Bush's election campaign ?education was the cornerstone
  30. 30with education being the cornerstone, what was the slogan of his campaign ?' no child left behind'
  31. 31re-authorisation of what Act did bush want to use as a vehicle for his education reforms1965 Elementary and Secondary education Act
  32. 32bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act into law in 2002 - explain what it didthis act majorly increased the govs role in ed.
    the new law mandated that the states test children annually in grades 4-8 using, in part, a uniform national test + required children in failing schools to be moved to successful ones + provided a 20% increase in funding for the poorest schools
  33. 33in 2003 George W. Bush signed a major ? expansion bill into lawMedicare
  34. 34this new expansion bill included what ?new prescription drug benefit
  35. 35the measure was estimated to cost $400 billion in its first 10 years abd was written to benefit who?American Seniors
  36. 36what is medicare?= a federal government healthcare programme for the elderly introduced in 1965 by pres Johnson
  37. 37a no of republicans were critical of what about the reforms and what elsethe price tag and that the republican president was supporting such a huge expansion of federal government programme
  38. 38why did spending by the department of defense between 2001-2006 increase from $13 mill to $69 mill ?this increase was direct result of the 9/11 bombings and the subsequent military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq + the 'War On Terror'
  39. 39there was another example of big-government Republicanism in 2008 when pres Bush authorised the secretary of the treasury Henry Paulson to take control of what?the 2 troubled privately owned but government sponsored mortgage companies - Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
  40. 40the Obama administration saw large increases in state and ??federal gov power
  41. 41Obama administration between 2009-2012, was clearly much more focused on what ???domestic policy
  42. 42why did obamas change in agenda have a profound effect on the relationship between washington and the state ???as domestic policy is increasingly the domain of the states - increase in state power
  43. 43the increase of money going to the states in obama's first term came partly as a result of the reauthorisition of the what ?? the expansion of what ?? and $4 billion invested in what ??- reauthorisation of the State Children's Health Insurance Programme
    - expansion of Medicaid
    - investments in Race to the Top programme to boost education in states
  44. 44what reform legislation of Obama's led many republicans to comment that the passage of the programme was 'the end of federalism' ???healthcare reform
  45. 45what is the real name for Obama's medicare ??Affordable Care Act
  46. 46Obama saw an increase in federal gov, give an example as too why ??introduction of Obamacare ensuring major changes to the healthcare system in the US, and the bailouts offered as a result of the Great Recession. Bailouts were offered to General Motors after their collapse shortly after Obama took office.
  47. 47obama also saw an increase in state govs, give examples as too why ??allowed states to pursue their own policy goals. California was allowed to introduce pollution permits for business and Colorado allowed to legalise cannabis for recreational use.
  48. 48—

Information

Description
A level government of the USA (constitution) Flashcards on federalism, created by niamh bergin on 06/12/2017.
Created by
niamh bergin
Views
2
Rating

More on Federalism in the United States

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?