Flashcards
Cognitive DEvelopment in Adolescence
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1What is Formal operations?-Final stage of cognitive development characterized buy the ability to think abstractly
Piaget - 2What is hypothetical-deductive reasoning?- ability to develop, consider, and test hypothesis in the formal operations stage
- 3What does neo=piagetian research suggest abuot children's cognitive processes?- children's cognitive processes are closely tied to specific context of the problem and the kinds of information and thought a culture considers important
- 4Piaget does not consider metacognition, what is metacognition?- the awareness and monitoring of one's own mental processes and strategies
- 5How does David Elkin explain the immaturity of adolescents?- inexperienced ventures into formal operational thought
- 6Idealism and Criticalness- adolescents have idealized world, are ultra conscious of hypocrisy, and find fault in parents
-they think they know more than adults - 7Argumentative- trying out their reasoning abilities
- 8Indecisiveness- adolescents struggle with simple decisions like doing homework or going to the mall
- 9Apparent hypocrisy- adolescents often don't recognize the difference between expressing an ideal and making the sacrifice
- like biking to school would be better for earth than driving but... its cold out - 10Adolescents are self conscious, what is an imaginary audience?- Elkin's term for an observer who exists only in an adolescent's mind and who is concerned with the adolescent's thought and actions
- 11Adolescents feel special and invulnerable, what is personal fable?- the conviction that one is special, unique, and not subject to the rules that govern the rest of the world
- 12By age 16-18, one average, how many words do they know?- 80 000
- 13What is social perspective taking?- ability to tailor their speech to another person's knowledge level and point of view
-essential in persuasion and polite conversations - 14What factors contribute to differences in vocabulary?- gender
-ethnicity
-age
-geographical region
-neighbourhood
-type of school - 15Teenage slang is likely to emerge in any culture where teenagehood is a social category, why is it important?- teenage slang is part of the process of developing an independent identity separate from parents and the adult world
- 16What is structural change in the brain in adolescents?structural: growth of info-processing capacity and in the amount of knowledge able to store in longterm memory
- 17What is functional change in the brain in adolescents?functional: processing for obtaining, handling, and retaining information
-selevtice attention, decision making, inhibitory control of impulsive responses and managing working memory - 18Do improvements in information processing skills carry over to real life?- not necessarily
-many adolescents make poorer real world decisions than younger adolescents
-immature brain development may permit feelings to override reason - 19What fosters moral development in adolescents?- ability to take another person's perspective to solve social problems, deal with interpersonal relationships, andt o see themselves as social being
- 20Do people who reach high level of cognitive development also reach high levels of moral development?- nope
some argue that moral activity is motivated by abstract consideration of justice and emotions as empathy, guilt, distress, and the internalization of pro-social norms - 21What factors play in moral behaviour?- specific situation
-conception of virtue
-concern for others - 22What is Gilligan's Theory of Ethic of CareGilligan claims women see morality as not turning away from others rather than not treating other unfairly
- 23What is the slight difference between girls and boys in moral development and why?- early adolescent girls tend to emphasize care related concerns or self-chosen moral dilemmas related to their own experience
-probably because girls mature earlier and have more intimate social relationships - 24What is one difference between girls and boys brain regarding brain activity?- girl's brains are more evenly balanced across hemispheres permitting a wider range of cognitive abilities
-boy's brains are more specialized which is optimized for activity within each hemisphere - 25How has spending more time on electronics affected reading for adolescents?- less time reading for pleasure
-reading: develops vocab, imagination, induction, skills critical to solcing more complex problems
- also multitasking prevents deeper understanding of material - 26What is the spill over effect?experiences in different contexts influence each other
-ex stress at home = problems at school - 27what are some factors contributing to minorities dropping out of high school?- ineffective schooling, low teacher expectations or differential treatment of those students
-less teacher support
-perceived irrelevance of the curriculum to culturally underrepresented groups
-being grouped with other minorities -- makes them feel less competent - 28What is the First Nations Career-Life Planning Model?- approach designed to integrate traditional values of connection with family, community, and culture within the process of guiding an individuals' career decision-making
- 29What are demonstration programs?- helps in the school-to-work transition
-instruction in basic skills, counselling, peer support, mentoring, apprenticeship, and job placement for those who do not want to go to college or uni
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- Flashcards on Cognitive DEvelopment in Adolescence, created by Aswani Siwakoti on 13/12/2017.
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- Aswani Siwakoti
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