Flashcards
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Cards in this deck (13)
- 1The focus on the inherent divisions of societies based on social inequality and the way these social divisions give rise to different and competing interests, the central assumption being that social structures and cultural ideas tend to reflect the interests of only some members of society rather than society as a whole.Conflict Perspective
- 2Also known as functionalism, this perspective assumes that societies have a tendency to maintain themselves in a state of relative equilibrium through mutually adjustive and supportive interaction of their principal institutions. It also assumes that that effective maintenance of society is in the common interest of all its members.Consensus Perspective
- 3The proposition that people feel strain when they are exposed to cultural goals they are unable to reach because they do not have access to culturally approved means of achieving those goals.Strain Theory
- 4A concept developed by Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) to describe an absence of clear societal norms and values. Robert Merton (1910-2003) used the term more narrowly to refer to a situation in which people would adopt deviant means to achieve goals beyond their means.Anomie
- 5The patterned and relatively stable arrangement of roles and statuses found within societies and social institutions.Social Structure
- 6A rejection of the notion that aspirations are entirely self-created; rather, they are defined by culture and transmitted by other members of the society.Culturally Prescribed Aspiration
- 7Values that emphasize social status, prestige, dominance over others, and personal success.Self-Enhancing Goals
- 8Values that emphasize appreciation, tolerance, protection, and the welfare of others.Self-Transcending Values
- 9Opportunity is shaped by the way the society or an institution is organized or structured.Opportunity Structure
- 10Deprivation in relation to others around you, rather than judged against an absolute standard of sustainabilityRelative Deprivation
- 11The inability to sustain oneself physically and materially.Absolute Deprivation
- 12A group of people who share a distinctive set of cultural beliefs and behaviors that differs in some significant way from that of the larger society.Subculture
- 13The talents and capabilities that individuals contribute to the process of production. Companies, governments, and individuals can invest in human capital, just as they can invest in technology and buildings or in finances.Human Capital
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Bailey Poncelet on 19/12/2017.
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- Bailey Poncelet
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