Flashcards
Classical and operant conditioning key terms
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1What's Learning?A relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience.
- 2What's classical conditioning?A procedure during which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus.
- 3What's a classical conditioning schedule?The steps in the procedure to condition a new response.
- 4What's an Unconditioned stimulus(UCS) ?The stimulus that produces a reflex response, such as the food or Pavlov's dog.
- 5What's Unconditioned response(UCR)?The reflex response to an unconditioned stimulus, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
- 6What's a Conditioned stimulus(CS)?A new stimulus presented with the UCS, such as the bell in Pavlov's experiment.
- 7What's Conditioned response(CR)?The response that is learnt; it now occurs when the CS is presented, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
- 8What's Extinction?A conditioned response dies out.
- 9What's a Spontaneous recovery?A conditioned response that has disappeared suddenly appears again.
- 10What's Generalisation?The conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus to the original conditioned stimulus is presented.
- 11What's Discrimination?The conditioned response is only produced when a specific stimulus is presented.
- 12What's Law of Effect?Behaviors that are followed by rewards are usually repeated; those that are punished are not usually repeated.
- 13What's Operant conditioning?Learning due to the consequence of behaviour, through positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement.
- 14What's Punishment?A stimulus that weakens behaviour because it is unpleasant and we try to avoid it.
- 15What's Reinforcement?A consequence of behaviour that encourages or strengthens a behaviour. This might be seen as a reward.
- 16What's Positive reinforcement?A reward or pleasant consequence that increases the likelihood that a behaviour or action will be repeated.
- 17What's Negative reinforcement?When an unpleasant experience is removed after a behaviour or action has been made. This increases the likelihood of that behaviour or action being repeated.
- 18What's Behavior shaping?Changing behaviour in small steps.
- 19What's Phobia?A persistent and irrational fear of an object, activity or situation. Typical symptoms are intense feelings of fear and anxiety to avoid an object, activity or situation.
- 20What's Flooding?A treatment for phobias that involves the immediate exposure of the person to the feared object, activity or event, until there is no fear response.
- 21What's Systematic desensitisation?A treatment for phobias in which the person is taught to relax and then is gradually exposed to the feared object, activity or event.
- 22What's the Hierarchy of fear?A series of feared events ranked from least frightening to most frightening.
- 23What's the Aversion therapy?A treatment for addictions, such as drug and alcohol dependency, which makes the addict have an extremely negative reaction to the addictive substance.
- 24What's a Primary reinforcer?A reward, such as food or water, that the animal or person needs in order to survive.
- 25What's a Secondary reinforcer?A reward, such as money or a token, that the animal or person can exchange for a primary reinforcer.
- 26—
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Lauren Anderton on 07/01/2018.
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- Lauren Anderton · Jan 2018
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- Apr 6, 2018
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