12016080
Description
Flashcards by Safia Jalloh, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Safia Jalloh
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is erosion? | the wearing away and removal of rock |
| What is weathering? | the breaking down of rock in-situ |
| What are the four main types of costal erosion? | hydraulic action abrasion attrition solution |
| What are the three types of weathering? | Biological Physical Chemical |
| What is hydraulic action | waves crash against rock and compress air into cracks. This puts pressure on the rock. Repeated compression widens crakes and causes erosion. |
| What is attrition? | rocks in water smash against one another causing them to be smaller and more rounder and eventually turn into sand |
| What is abrasion? | waves picks up rocks from seabed and hurl them against the cliff causing rocks from the cliffs to erode |
| What is solution? | soluble material dissolves in water and is carried along. The acidity of the water helps the sediment to be dissolved faster |
| How are headlands formed? | Headlands are formed when the sea attacks a section of coast with alternating bands of soft and hard rock. The bands of soft rock e.g sand and clay erode faster than those of hard rock. This is because the hard rock is more resistant an example of this is chalk. The sediment of the soluble soft rock is deposited and carried along the river. The is leaves an area of land jutting out into the sea and this is called a headland. The area next to the headland is called a bay. |
| What is the formation of a stump? | 1 )Large cracks are oponed up by hydraulic action where as the water hits the rocks it forces air into the racks causing them to expand. 2)Caves become larger through abrasion scrapling away of rock and attrition where rocks become smaller. 3)Cave breaks through forming a natural arch. 4) The arch is eroded which continues to be eroded by attrition and abrasion and the top collapses 5)Leaving a tall rock stack as a result of abrasion and attrition 6)Stack is eroded and chemical and physical weathering forms a stump |
| What is a wave- cut notch. | 1) Weather weakens the top of the cliff 2)The sea attacks the base of the cliff forming a wave cut- cut notch. 3)The notch increases in size causing the cliff to collapse . 4) Backwash carries the rubble towards the sea forming a wave platform. |
| How is a wave formed? | when wind blows across a surface the sea it causes ripples. This is because of friction between wind and water. The size of the wave depends on a)the strength of wind b) the length of time the wind blows for c)The fetch-lenghth of water the wind blows over. |
| what is a swash? | water is washed up the beach |
| What is a backwash? | water runs back down the beach |
| What is a constructive wave like? | swash is stronger than the backwash |
| What is a destructive wave like? | backwash stronger than the swash. |
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