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- 1Describe the roles of system software in a computer system.Systems software's role is to control the operation of the computer hardware, allow software to run, provide an interface for computer users, maintain the computer system.
- 2Explain the role of the operating system in memory management and multitasking.The operating system checks that memory requests are valid, allocates memory to processes when needed and frees up memory for other uses when no longer needed. It also swaps out data to the virtual memory when the main memory is full.
- 3Explain why file management is used.File management is used to create a folder and file structure for data. This makes it easier for users to organise and find data in a systematic way.
- 4Explain how file permissions are used on shared computer systems or on a network.File permissions control who can create a file, who can see or open a file, who can write to a file or edit it and who can delete a file.
- 5Explain how the operating system manages peripheral devices.Peripherals are controlled by the operating system using programs called drivers. The drivers carry out the necessary translations to allow the CPU and the devices to communicate correctly.
- 6State what is meant by 'fragmented'.Data is fragmented when parts of files are saved to different parts of the hard disk.
- 7Explain how de-fragmentation software will help to make a computer run more quickly.De-fragmentation software reorganises files which have been split across different parts of the disk by putting pieces of related data back together. Fewer disk accesses are then needed to read the data. This improves performance and can free up more space on the hard disk.
- 8Describe the difference between lossy and lossless compression.Lossless compression reduces the file size without discarding any of the data and the original file is restored when it is decompressed.
Lossy compression reduces the file size by discarding some of the data so the original file cannot be restored when it is decompressed. - 9Explain why encryption software is used.Encryption software is used to scramble data into a form that cannot be used by unauthorised users. This protects the data from unauthorised use.
- 10Describe what an incremental backup is.A backup of all changed files since the last full backup.
- 11Why do we use compression software?To make file sizes smaller, to stream or download files quicker.
- 12—
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- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Charles Kim on 01/02/2018.
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- Charles Kim
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