Flashcards
Untitled
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What is Hexadecimal?Hexadecimal (or hex) is a base 16 system used to simplify how binary is represented. A hex digit can be any of the following 16 digits: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F.
- 2How does Hexadecimal work?Hex codes are used in many areas of computing to simplify binary codes. It is important to note that computers do not use hexadecimal - it is used by humans to shorten binary to a more easily understandable form. Hexadecimal is translated into binary for computer use.
- 3Converting HexadecimalTo convert denary numbers to hex, you need to remember the equivalent binary numbers for the first 16 hex digits.
- 4Character SetsEvery word is made up of symbols or characters. When you press a key on a keyboard, a number is generated that represents the symbol for that key. This is called a character code. A complete collection of characters is a character set.
- 5ASCIIThe ASCII character set is a 7-bit set of codes that allows 128 different characters. That is enough for every upper-case letter, lower-case letter, digit and punctuation mark on most keyboards. ASCII is only used for the English language
- 6UnicodeUnicode uses between 8 and 32 bits per character, so it can represent characters from languages from all around the world. It is commonly used across the internet. As it is larger than ASCII, it might take up more storage space when saving documents.
- 7Bits and BinaryComputers use binary - the digits 0 and 1 - to store data. A binary digit, or bit, is the smallest unit of data in computing. It is represented by a 0 or a 1. Binary numbers are made up of binary digits (bits), eg the binary number 1001.
- 8EncodingEverything on a computer is represented as streams of binary numbers. Audio, images and characters all look like binary numbers in machine code. These numbers are encoded in different data formats to give them meaning, eg the 8-bit pattern 01000001 could be the number 65, the character 'A', or a color in an image.
- 9Bits and BytesBits can be grouped together to make them easier to work with. A group of 8 bits is called a byte.
Other groupings include:
Nibble - 4 bits
Byte - 8 bits
Kilobyte - 1000 bytes
Megabyte - 1000 kilobytes
Gigabyte - 1000 megabytes
Terabyte - 1000 gigabytes - 10Binary and DenaryThe binary system on computers uses combinations of 0s and 1s.
In everyday life, we use numbers based on combinations of the digits between 0 and 9. This counting system is known as decimal, denary or base 10.
A number base indicates how many digits are available within a numerical system. Denary is known as base 10 because there are ten choices of digits between 0 and 9. For binary numbers there are only two possible digits available: 0 or 1. The binary system is also known as base 2. - 11Denary ValuesDenary place values
Using the denary system, 6432 reads as six thousand, four hundred and thirty two. One way to break it down is as:
six thousands
four hundreds
three tens
two ones - 12Binary ValuesYou can also break a binary number down into place-value columns, but each column is a power of two instead of a power of ten.
Information
- Description
- Flashcards on Untitled, created by Alex Galliers on 05/02/2018.
- Created by
- Alex Galliers
- Views
- 0
- Rating