Flashcards
Introduction to Waves
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1What is a wave?A wave is a travelling disturbance that carries energy from one point to another, without transferring matter between the two points.
A wave does NOT carry matter with it, ONLY energy. - 2How do waves begin?A wave motion begins with a disturbance, vibration, or force.
When held at rest, waves assume a natural position known as the rest position (or line of rest). - 3What is wave motion?Wave motion is a form of carrying energy.
- 4What is a medium?A medium is any substance through which a mechanical wave can travel.
Can be a solid, liquid, or gas. - 5What are the 2 main types of waves?Electromagnetic waves- waves that can travel through mediums OR empty space (vacuum)
Mechanical waves- waves that can travel through a medium (matter) - 6Waves from the sun to the earth are electromagnetic or mechanical?electromagnetic
- 7What are Electromagnetic Waves?Waves that do not require a medium through which they travel. It can travel through a vacuum.
Examples: Light, microwaves, x-rays, radio waves, gamma rays, etc. - 8What are Mechanical Waves?Mechanical waves are waves that travel through a medium. They can travel up and down or left and right.
There are three types of mechanical waves: transverse waves, longitudinal/compressional waves, or
surface waves. - 9Longitudinal/Compressional WavesWaves that causes particles in matter to move parallel to the direction in which the wave travels. Back and Forth Waves.
Examples: Sound waves, water, and primary waves in earthquakes. - 10Transverse WavesWaves that cause particles to move perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction in which the wave moves. Up and Down Waves.
Examples: Light and the rest of the electromagnetic spectrum; secondary waves in earthquakes - 11What are Surface Waves?Surface waves are a combination of longitudinal and transverse motions (mechanical waves).
As a wave travels through the water, the particles travel in clockwise circles.
They are waves between 2 different mediums.
For example, ocean waves or earthquake waves. - 12Longitudinal Waves Characteristicscompression, rarefaction
- 13Longitudinal Waves: Compressionwhen crests of waves are close together (force increases volume).
- 14Longitudinal Waves: Rarefactionwhen waves are spread far apart (decrease in density and pressure).
- 15Transverse Waves Characteristicscrest, trough, wavelength, amplitude, frequency,
- 16Transverse Waves: Cresthighest point of the wave (peak)
- 17Transverse Waves: Troughlowest point of the wave (bottom)
- 18Transverse Waves: Wavelengththe distance between 2 corresponding points on a wave. For example, crest to crest or trough to trough.
One full cycle of a wave. - 19Transverse Waves: AmplitudeHeight of a wave from the rest line to the trough or crest. (Maximum displacement of the wave). Reflects the volume of a wave. As amplitude (height) increases, volume and energy increases.
Measured in Decibels - 20Transverse Waves: Frequencythe number of waves that pass by given point in a period of time (one second).
Reflects the pitch of a wave. As frequency increases, the pitch gets higher.
Measured in Hertz - 21Decibels (dB): VolumeNormal Speech: 60dB
Library: 40dB
Close Whisper: 20dB
Jet Engine: 140dB
Loud Rock Music: 110dB
Subway Train: 100dB
Busy Street Traffic: 70dB
120dB or above usually causes pain to the ear - 22What can you hear?Young people: 20-20,000 Hz.
Dogs: 67-45,000 Hz
As you age, your ability to hear high frequency sound decreases, which leads to losing your hearing. - 23Periodthe amount of time (in seconds) it takes for one whole wavelength to occur
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- 6th Grade 6th Grade Science Flashcards on Introduction to Waves, created by Brandon Andersen on 09/02/2018.
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