Flashcards
logic fallicies
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1What are logical Fallacies in general ?- Errors in logic can lead to incorrect conclusions
- not always obvious ..
- spotting fallacies is a key skill in philosophy - 2What are the 11 types of fallacies ?1) Relativist Fallacy
2) Gamblers Fallacy
3) Appeal to Authority
4) Post Hoc Ergo Proctor Hoc
5) False Dilemma
6) Affirming the Consequent
7) Genetic Fallicy
8) Slippery Slop Fallicy
9) Ad Hominem attack
10) Red Herring
11) The Straw Man
RGAP FAG SART - 3What is Relativist Fallacy ?"It is true for me"
- suggests that truth can be subjective
- usually this is a last ditch attempt to save a failed argument lol
- confuses the fact that a thing is objectively true w/ the fact that a certain person believes it is true - 4What is Gamblers Fallacy ?- Belief that probabilities will change because of previous events
- Causes Gambles addiction ... yikes ....
- deals with the idea that certain things are "bound to happen"
- however previous events don't impact current probabilities, each event has it own independent odds - 5What is The Appeal to Authority ?suggests that a person's arguments is valid because of their position, tittle or authority
EX. YOUR PARENTS or Kylie Jenner sponsored by makeup brands
- basis for celebrity endorsements in advertising
- However each argument must be proved on its own logical merits ! - 6What is Post Hoc Ergo Proctor Hoc ?- "After this thus because of this"
- "A" happened after "B", thus A was caused by B
- basis of many superstitions (ex. black cat crossing your car is bad luck !!)
- confuses coincidence with cause ignoring other factors that may have an affect
- However in order to determine cause, clear evidence of a link must be established - 7What is False Dilemma ?1) Relativist Fallacy
2) Gamblers Fallacy
3) Appeal to Authority
4) Post Hoc Ergo Proctor Hoc
5) False Dilemma
6) Affirming the Consequent
7) Genetic Fallicy
8) Slippery Slop Fallicy
9) Ad Hominem attack
10) Red Herring
11) The Straw Man
RGAP FAG SART - 8What is False Dilemma ?- forcing a person to choose between A & B when there are other potential options (yes or no)
- we should always be weary of binary questions & consider other possible responses
- often used in politics & law - 9What is Affirming the Consequent ?- If A is true then B must follow
- B is true therefor A
- Assuming b/c logic works in one direction, the reverse is always be true
- Ex. A) power off = lights off // B) lights off = power off // C ) But the light could be burnt out too.. - 10What is Genetic Fallacy ?- Because A comes from B ... A must share the same characteristics as B
- each event has its own independent odds
- Ex. acorn comes from an oak tree but acorns are not like oak trees
- pointing out a problem w/ the origin of a thing does not mean that the thing itself is flawed - 11What is Slippery Slope Fallacy ?- arguing that one small thing will automatically lead to a series of bigger things (without providing clean & reasonable proof)
- we must have a reasonable understanding of cause and effect in a situation to claim that further outcomes will ensue - 12What are the 11 types of fallacies ?1) Relativist Fallacy
2) Gamblers Fallacy
3) Appeal to Authority
4) Post Hoc Ergo Proctor Hoc
5) False Dilemma
6) Affirming the Consequent
7) Genetic Fallicy
8) Slippery Slop Fallicy
9) Ad Hominem attack
10) Red Herring
11) The Straw Man
RGAP FAG SART - 13What is Ad Hominem Attack ?- Attacking an individual personally instead of attacking their argument
- we must focus on the logic of the argument & not on the person presenting
- Ex. (Men have no say on abortion = men shouldn't raise kids b/c come from mother) - 14What is Red Herring ?- presenting an argument that is tangential, not directly related to the real argument / point
- thus distracting from the real point
- Ex. When your mom gets your phone bill and you have gone over the limit, you begin talking to her about how hard your math class is and how well you did on a test today - 15What is The Straw Man?- presenting a distorted version of somebody else's' argument & then attacking it instead of dealing with their real argument
- Ex. Sarru is in favour of abortion and thinks its okay to commit cold blooded murder - 16What are the 11 types of fallacies ?1) Relativist Fallacy
2) Gamblers Fallacy
3) Appeal to Authority
4) Post Hoc Ergo Proctor Hoc
5) False Dilemma
6) Affirming the Consequent
7) Genetic Fallicy
8) Slippery Slop Fallicy
9) Ad Hominem attack
10) Red Herring
11) The Straw Man
RGAP FAG SART
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- Flashcards on logic fallicies, created by sarru s on 06/03/2018.
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- sarru s
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