Flashcards
3. Heat and Temperature
Cards in this deck (54)
- 1define heatform of energy and is the internal energy which causes random motions and vibrations of molecules within a material
- 2define heatmeasurement of heat
- 3what are the 3 temperature scales-celcius
-farenheit
-kelvin - 4what is celsius based onthe melting and boiling point of pure water
- 5What is one degree of farenheit in celsius5/9 ˚C
- 6K== ˚C + 273
- 7what is used to measure temperaturethe stevenson screen
- 8at what height is temperature measured in a stevenson screen ft / m4ft / 1.25m
- 9what radiation is emitted from the sunshort wave radiation
- 10what percent of the solar radiation emitted by the sun is absorbed by the clouds and atmosphere20 %
- 11what percent of the solar radiation is scattered by the atmosphere5 %
- 12what percent of the solar radiation is scattered and reflected by the clouds25 %
- 13what percent of the solar radiation emitted by the sun is reflected by the surface of the earth5%
- 14what is the total percentage of energy that reaches the earth45%
- 15define Albedothe proportion of radiation that is reflected
- 16define Insolationthe amount of solar radiation incident on unit area of the earths surface
- 17what factors influence the amount of insolation1. Angle of the suns rays
2. Nature of the surface
3. transparency of the atmosphere
4. Distance from the sun
5. heat output - 18how is the angle of the sun'r rays affected- time of day
- season
- latitude
- angle of the terrain - 19how does the nature of the surface impact the amount of insolationit determines the temperature rise when heated
- 20how is the amount of insolation impacted by the transparency of the atmosphereit will be reduced by cloud, dust, fog and smoke, which lie in the direct path from the sun to the earth
- 21how does the insolation vary with distance from the sunelliptical orbit of the earth around the sun, means that the sun is closer in january than july
- 22how does the heat output vary over timelong time scale, but can periodically cause ice ages or warmer periods
- 23what type of radiation is emitted by the earthlong wave radiation
- 24what can you say about the long wave radiation given out by the earthit is continuous
- 25define the greenhouse effectwater vapour and some other gases can absorb these longer wavelengths, will transmit them to the surrounding air. this energy is re-emitted back towards the surface, causing it to heat up again
- 26what are the three types of heat transfer in the atmosphereconduction
convection
advection - 27define a mirageextreme heating of the air near the surface
- 28define conductionthe passing of heat when two bodies are in contact
- 29what can you say about the air as a conductorit is a poor conductor of heat
- 30define convectionvertical currents of thermal origin travel upwards or downwards
- 31define advectionthe transfer of heat horizontally by wind
- 32define turbulent mixingirregular combination of convection and advection in all directions
- 33when does turbulence in the atmosphere arisefriction between adjacent layers of air
- 34define latent heatthe heat required to change the state of substance without the change of temperature.
- 35process that converts a gas to soliddeposition
- 36process that converts a solid to a gassublimation
- 37process that converts a gas to liquidcondensation
- 38process that converts a liquid to a solidfreezing
- 39process that converts a solid to a liquidmelting
- 40process that converts a liquid to a gasevaporation
- 41when is latent heat absorbedwhen there is an increase in temperature
- 42when latent heat is absorbed, what happens to the surrounding airit cools
- 43define diurnal variationdaily changes of temperature
- 44when is the temperature at its highest pointmidday +2
- 45when is the temperature at its lowest pointsunrise + 1/2 hour
- 46what are the factors that affect the diurnal variation of air at 4 ft ?1) Wind
2) Cloud Cover
3) Nature of the surface - 47how does wind influence the diurnal variation overallthe minimum and maximum DV will be reduced by a strong wind.
- 48how does wind influence the diurnal variation in the dayit will be cooler
- 49how does wind influence the diurnal variation at nightthere will be a smaller drop in temperature
- 50how does cloud cover affect the DVthe minimum and maximum will reduce
- 51what type of clouds will have the biggest impactlow/thick cloud
- 52what type of clouds will have a lower impacthigh/thin clouds
- 53on what part of the DV does increased cloud cover have the greatest effectgreater effect on the minimum temperatures
- 54when does maximum diurnal variation occurover land, clear calm conditions, no wind
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- MET Flashcards on 3. Heat and Temperature, created by Ella Davies on 10/03/2018.
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- Ella Davies
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