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The Multi-Store Model of Memory
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- 1Who introduced the MSM and what does it suggest?Atkinson and Shiffrin.
Suggests memory is made up of three stores. - 2Sensory registerEnvironnmental stimuli is passed on to this store. Made up of several stores, two main ones: iconic memory (info coded visually) and echoic memory (info coded acoustically). Duration is less half a second with high capacity. Only passes further into memory system if attention is paid.
- 3Short term memory.- Limited capacity store of 7 (plus or minus 2).
- Information is coded acoustically.
- Duration is about 30 seconds.
- Maintenance rehearsal allows for info to be kept in STM.
- Prolonged rehearsal transfers info to LTM. - 4Long term memory.- Prolonged rehearsal transfers info to LTM.
- For example, Bahrick's findings.
- Information is coded acoustically.
- Unlimited capacity and infinite duration.
- In order to recall info from LTM, has to be transferred back to STM through retrieval.
- - 5Evaluate the MSM.- Supporting research evidence (e.g. Baddeley proves how coding is different in both STM and LTM which supports MSM of independence of these stores).
- Artificial materials used in the study.
- Research evidence shows LTM is not a unitary store e.g. semantic, episodic and procedural.
- Role of maintenance rehearsal is overemphasised. Craik and Watkin showed that what really matters about rehearsal is the type. Elaborative rehearsal (where you link info to existing knowledge or try to think about its meaning) is needed for long-term storage. Limitation as cannot be explained by model.
- STM is not unitary store, explained my WMM.
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- Flashcards on The Multi-Store Model of Memory, created by Jameela Princess on 12/03/2018.
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