128037
Description
Flashcards by katrinaspartalis, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by katrinaspartalis
about 12 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| WHAT IS THE GREATEST FLAW IN DSM IV | THE FAILURE TO CONSIDER WHETHER OR NOT THE SYMPTOMS ARE ACUTALLY HARMFUL |
| What is Abnormal Psychology? | Scientific Study of Psychological Disorders /Mental Disorders / ‘Abnormal behaviour’ ◦ Empirical method to study (try to be scientific). Different ways to define abnormal. Normality and abnormality is a concept. Mental disorders are a small section of what is abnormal. What is a disorder? It is not health. Different to health. |
| What is Abnormal Psychology? | Scientific Study of Psychological Disorders /Mental Disorders / ‘Abnormal behaviour’ ◦ Empirical method to study (try to be scientific). Different ways to define abnormal. Normality and abnormality is a concept. Mental disorders are a small section of what is abnormal. What is a disorder? It is not health. Different to health. |
| What is ‘Mental Disorder’? Historically… | Historically: mental illness = ‘madness, insanity’ ◦ gross distortion of external reality (hallucinations, delusions), or disorganisation of speech, affect, behaviour (confusion, memory loss etc.). |
| What is ‘Mental Disorder’ today? | Today: 400+ different categories of ‘Mental Disorder’. From one madness we go to 400 varieties. Listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the ICD (published by World Health Association) Used in Europe mainly. DSM USA, UK, AUS English speaking world. |
| Prevalence of mental disorder? | what proportion of people are suffering from mental illness |
| Prevalence proportion | What proportion of the population has a diagnosable disorder, within a specified time period? |
| Point-prevalence proportion | what proportion of the population at the time of collecting the data do you have it right NOW. |
| One-year prevalence | symptoms in the past 12 months, this many people have experienced the disorder |
| Lifetime prevalence | how many experience at any time during their life, 20 years ago but you have experienced it. |
| - Incidence proportion | What proportion of healthy individuals will develop the disorder, within a specified time period? Are they increasing is it going up or down. - E.g. every year, X per cent of Australians develop Y disease. |
| Prevalence of mental disorder - ◦ National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (ABS; 1997, 2007). Australians - ◦ National Comorbidity Survey; Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. - ◦ Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders | - before age 21: 35-49 % - in adults 32-48% ( about 3 million) |
| HOW MANY OF THESE PEOPLE SOUGHT HELP? | - Only about 1/3 of these people received help ( about 2 million) |
| WHICH GROUP WAS MOST LIKELY TO SEEK HELP? | - Highest % sought treatment: Schizophrenia 48% (still only 50% who had the disorder had sought help) |
| EVIDENCE THAT THESE STATISTICS ARE AN OVERESTIMATION? | **The Australian study found that the 2/3rds that did not seek help said that they did not need it - risk of over estimation results from the definitions that we use. |
| DSM Definition of Mental Disorder in general – categories of disorders | A clinically significant behavioural or psychological syndrome or pattern ... associated with present distress or disability or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom. ... must not be merely an expectable and culturally sanctioned response to a particular event, for example, the death of a loved one. ... whatever its original cause, it must currently be considered a manifestation of a behavioural, psychological, or biological dysfunction in the individual. |
| Definition of Mental Disorder | 1) Arises from dysfunction within the individual 2) Socially unexpected/inappropriate |
| 1) Arises from internal dysfunction: | - depression vs normal sadness vs laziness - internal dysfunction of: motivation? Emotion regulation? - Anorexia Nervosa vs Religious fasting |
| Dysfunction can be socially expected/sanctioned | - shamans, mediums, A-type personality - socially unexpected/inappropriate/unvalued - reasonable vs unreasonable fear - normative vs maladaptive alcohol/drug consumption - socially inappropriate and no internal dysfunction and social deviance |
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