Flashcards
Anatomy sheets week 9
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1Describe the patella-Sesamoid bone
-Located in the patellofemoral groove of the femur
-Functions: leg extension and protection of anterior aspect of the knee from physical trauma
-Superior aspect attached to quadriceps tendon
-Inferior aspect attached to patellar ligament - 2What are menisci?-Fibrocartilage structures
-Deepen the articular surface of the tibia
-Act as shock absorbers
-Can tear and lodge in the joint space resulting in knee locking (test with McMurray test) - 3What are the ligaments that add stability to the knee? What movements do they prevent?PCL: prevents posterior dislocation of tibia. Taut in hyperflexion
ACL: prevents anterior dislocation. Taut in hyperextension
Medial collateral ligament: prevents lateral movement
Lateral collateral ligament: prevents medial movement - 4Is the knee locked in anatomical position? Describe the locking mechanismNo
1) Knee is fully extended
2) ACL is taut
3) Medial femoral condyle moves back
4) Lateral femoral condyle moves forward
5) Femur medially rotates on tibia
6) Collateral ligaments are tightened
7) Tensor fascia lata and gluteus maximus contract (tightening iliotibial tract) - 5Describe the unlocking mechanism1) Contraction of popliteus
2) External rotation of femur
3) Loosening of locked ligaments - 6Where is the subtalar joint?Between the talus and calcaneous
- 7Which movements are possible at the ankle and subtalar joints?Ankle: plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
Subtalar: inversion and eversion - 8What ligaments are present in the ankle joint?Medial/deltoid and lateral ligament
- 9What ligaments are present in the subtalar joint?-Posterior/medial/lateral talocalcaneal ligament
-Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament - 10What is the common insertion of the 3 superficial muscles that plantarflex the foot?Calcaneal tendon