Flashcards
Non-Verbal Communication
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1Evaluate the Kendon study.Artificial situation, participants may not behave like they would in a natural situation.
- 2Evaluate the Argyle/Hess Studies.Studies of pupil dilation helps us understand why the use of eye makeup is so popular.
Making the eyes look wider and darker which seems to be an important unconscious signal for attraction. - 3What are the practical implications of the studies of eye movement?Studies of eye movement in conversation, help us understand why we may feel uncomfortable talking to someone who never makes eye contact or doesn’t break eye contact. You never quite understand when it is your turn to talk in a conversation.
- 4What are the practical implications of the studies regarding pupil dilation?Knowing we don’t have any control over our pupil dilation, we cannot hide our emotions if we are attracted to someone. We can tell if someone is attracted to us by taking note of their pupil dilation.
- 5What is the definition of the hemispheres of the brain?The human brain is divided in to two halves, called the left and the right hemisphere.
- 6What are the evaluation points for the studies of personal space?There could be more than one factor affecting personal space, rather than one isolated factor each time.
We most likely use a range of distances for personal space, depending environmental factors, what is happening at the time and how much we like the person. - 7What are the practical implications of the Zahn study?We understand why we may feel more uncomfortable standing next to someone we consider of higher social status. We can also be more understanding if we are making someone of lower social status uncomfortable by standing too close.
- 8What are the practical implications of the Sommer study?It can help us understand why people of Arab countries find American and European people unfriendly and untrustworthy; it’s because they tend to stand back during conversation.
- 9What has other research shown in relation to the Sommer study?That when in conversation, people in Mediterranean cultures tend to have a smaller amount of personal space between them than people in North European and American cultures.
- 10What is verbal communication?Conveying a message using words and vocal sounds.
- 11What is the definition of status?A persons rank of social standing in society.
- 12What are paralinguistics?Vocal sounds that accompany speech.
- 13What is tone of voice?The way in which words are said to convey emotion.
- 14What is emphasis?Adding prominence to certain words more than others.
- 15What is eye-contact?When two people having a conversation look at each other’s eyes at the same time.
- 16What is pupil dilation?When the pupils in your eyes expand to look large.
- 17What is the definition of cultural norms?The range of behaviours that members of a social group or society can be expected to show.
- 18What are the practical implications of the Argyle and Dean study?It can help us understand if we are standing too close to someone and making them feel uncomfortable.
- 19What are individual differences?Factors that make a person different to another person eg age, personality
- 20What is the definition of sex differences?Differences due to being either male or female.
- 21Why is eye contact important in a conversation?Eye contact, lack of eye contact and length of eye contact, all help us to understand when to start talking in a relationship, when the other person is about to finish and wether the conversation is a success. It helps the conversation run smoothly.
- 22What is non-verbal communication?Conveying a message without using words or vocal sounds.
- 23What is the definition of communication?Passing information from one person to another.
- 24What is body language?A general term to describe aspects of non-verbal communication.
- 25What is a confederate?A confederate is someone who acts as if they are a participant in a study, but are actually working for the researcher.
- 26What is the definition of closed posture?Folding your arms across you body, and/or crossing your legs.
- 27What is the definition of open posture?Positioning your arms so they are not across your body and/or uncrossing your legs.
- 28Evaluate the McKinley, Leferve, McKinley study of open/closed postures.Ethics- people didn’t know they were being experimented on.
Other factors could be having an effect on the results. E.g facial expressions, personality - 29What are the practical implications of the Mcginley and the Mcginley, Lefevre, McGinley Studies?Counsellors- postural echo can be used to relate to their patients more.
Sales person- open/closed posture can help them be seen as friendly by their customers. However customers may not realise they are being manipulated. - 30What is gesture?Communication in which information is conveyed by either conscious of unconscious movements of the body.
- 31What is touch?Physical contact between two people, to convey information.
- 32What would be an unconscious gesture?Nervously tapping fingers on a surface.
Nervously shaking your leg.
Some people move their hands when speaking unconsciously.
Raising an eyebrow - 33What is intonation?Inflection in the voice when speaking e.g tone of voice, emphasis
- 34What is posture?Posture is how you position your body, often regarded as non-verbal communication signal.
- 35What is Osgood (1966) find?Osgood found that there are 7 facial expressions recognised around the world, ‘happy’ ‘sad’ ‘angry’ ‘interested’ ‘surprised’ ‘afraid’ ‘disgusted’.
- 36Explain the connection between facial expressions and the hemispheres of the brain.Other research has shown that the right hemisphere of the brain contains our emotions.
Sackeims Study makes sense that the right hemisphere of the brain controls the left side of the body, and visa versa. Therefore we would expect to show emotion more on the left side of the face. - 37Evaluate Sackeims study of facial expressions.Artificial, people wouldn’t normally stare at photos to study someone’s facial expressions.
Other aspects of non-verbal communication could determine better what someone is feeling - 38What are the practical implications of Sackeims study?If facial expressions are inherited we know that if someone says they are happy but have a sad facial expressions, we can assume they are sad. It’s easy to lie with words, and difficult to lie with facial expression.
That we understand why we pick certain profile pictures, the ones that make us look warmer. - 39What is postural echo?Postural Echo is when you mirror somebody else’s body position.
- 40What is personal space?Personal space is the amount of distance a person keeps from another person.
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- Flashcards on Non-Verbal Communication , created by Josephine Tate on 19/03/2018.
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- Josephine Tate
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