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Description
Flashcards by Julia Truong, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Julia Truong
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a cell? | A membrane-bound structure containing biomolecules. The structural, functional and biological unit of all organisms. |
| The central dogma | DNA -> RNA -> protein |
| Exons | Protein coding sequence |
| Introns | non-coding protein sequence |
| homozygous | Identical copies of a gene at the same locus |
| heterozygous | different copies of a gene at the same locus |
| alleles | different versions of the same gene |
| Explain how DNA is transcribed into mRNA | |
| Explain how mRNA is translated into protein | |
| What is protein? | It is the workhouse of the cell. Different types of proteins can include structural, sensors, transporters, enzymes, transcription factors, cellular communication and signal transduction, etc. 20 amino acids make up all proteins |
| Prions |
Image:
Prions (binary/octet-stream)
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| Approaches for studying cells : Cell Biology | This involves microscopy. It's an observational science. Labelling structures of interest using staining e.g IHC or IF. |
| Approaches for studying cells : Biochemistry | Involves isolating and describing proteins. Protein purification. Crack open a cell and study its protein. Identify protein using staining and following its activity. |
| Approaches for studying cells : Genetics | Looking at mutant genes, their mutant proteins and the effects on the cell or animal |
| Approaches for studying cells : Genomics | Looking at all genes (or proteins, hence proteomics) at the same time. |
| Approaches for studying cells : Developmental Biology | Studying how cells develop to form the mature structures of the adult. Understanding gene expression that allows the development of organisms. |
| What are controls in an experiment? | Controls are experiments where the variable that you’re testing is removed (negative) or the effect of the variable is observed in another established system (positive). An ideal control is conducted under conditions that are identical to the test case. |
| Why quantify your data? | Statistics have a purpose. Statistics give you a clear understand of what's going on. Simply looking at images doesn't give you the whole story. |
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